Abstract
Anneslea fragrans Wall. commonly called as “Thingphunchuo” by Khoibu tribe of North East India is used as herbal tea since time immemorial. The leaves have been reported for its ability to dissolve kidney stone. In the present study, the methanolic extract was used to analyze the CaOx nucleation and aggregation assay DPPH assay and FRAP assay for antioxidant study, proteinase inhibition assay and inhibition of albumin denaturation assay for anti-inflammatory study, GC-MS and FT-IR analysis for metabolic study. The studies were done in comparison with cystone, a polyherbal formulation used in kidney stone. The methanolic extract showed significant CaOx anti-nucelation (53.72%) and anti- aggregation potential (53.64%), when compared with cystone (54.03% and 55.13%). The extract also exhibit significant anti-inflammatory properties, and antioxidant properties comparable with that of cystone. The FT-IR spectrum of the extract confirmed the presence of aliphatic secondary amine, methylene, methoxy, methyl, secondary and primary alcohol, and aliphatic bromo compounds as indicated by their respective absorption peaks. The GC-MS analysis identified the presence of 24 compounds, the major compounds > 5% being Lupeol (38%) and Glutinol (22.40%), 3,5,9-Trioxa-5-phosphaheptacos-18-en-1-aminium, 4-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-10-oxo-7-[(1-oxo-9-octadecenyl)oxy]-, hydroxide, inner salt, 4-oxide, (R)- (7.74%), and 24- noroleana-3,12-diene (6.43%). The current investigation indicated notable anti-lithiatic effects of A.fragrans which could be attributed to the presence of phytocompounds that might have provided CaOx nucleation and aggregation inhibition, antioxidant, anti-inflammation, and antimicrobial characteristics to this medicinal plant.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
The methanolic extract showed significant CaOx anti-nucleation of 53.72%, compared with cystone at 54.03%.
- Taxon
- Anneslea fragransAnneslea fragranse0
- Treatment
- methanolic extracte1
- Outcome
- CaOx anti-nucelatione1
- Value
- 53.72%e1
- Qualifier
- 54.03%e1
- Comparator
- cystonee1
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“Anneslea fragrans Wall. commonly called as”
e1“The methanolic extract showed significant CaOx anti-nucelation (53.72%) and anti- aggregation potential (53.64%), when compared with cystone (54.03% and 55.13%)”
Claim · model-written summary
The methanolic extract showed significant CaOx anti-aggregation potential of 53.64%, compared with cystone at 55.13%.
- Taxon
- Anneslea fragransAnneslea fragranse0
- Treatment
- methanolic extracte1
- Outcome
- anti- aggregation potentiale1
- Value
- 53.64%e1
- Qualifier
- 55.13%e1
- Comparator
- cystonee1
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“Anneslea fragrans Wall. commonly called as”
e1“The methanolic extract showed significant CaOx anti-nucelation (53.72%) and anti- aggregation potential (53.64%), when compared with cystone (54.03% and 55.13%)”
Claim · model-written summary
The extract showed significant anti-inflammatory properties.
- Taxon
- Anneslea fragransAnneslea fragranse0
- Treatment
- extracte1
- Outcome
- anti-inflammatory propertiese1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“Anneslea fragrans Wall. commonly called as”
e1“The extract also exhibit significant anti-inflammatory properties, and antioxidant properties comparable with that of cystone”
Claim · model-written summary
The extract had antioxidant properties comparable with those of cystone.
Verbatim
e0“Anneslea fragrans Wall. commonly called as”
e1“The extract also exhibit significant anti-inflammatory properties, and antioxidant properties comparable with that of cystone”
Claim · model-written summary
FT-IR confirmed the presence of aliphatic secondary amine, methylene and methoxy groups in the extract.
- Taxon
- Anneslea fragransAnneslea fragranse0
- Outcome
- presence of aliphatic secondary amine, methylene, methoxye2
Verbatim
e0“Anneslea fragrans Wall. commonly called as”
e2“The FT-IR spectrum of the extract confirmed the presence of aliphatic secondary amine, methylene, methoxy, methyl, secondary and primary alcohol, and aliphatic bromo compounds”
Claim · model-written summary
FT-IR confirmed the presence of methyl, secondary and primary alcohol and aliphatic bromo groups in the extract.
- Taxon
- Anneslea fragransAnneslea fragranse0
- Outcome
- methyl, secondary and primary alcohol, and aliphatic bromo compoundse2
Verbatim
e0“Anneslea fragrans Wall. commonly called as”
e2“The FT-IR spectrum of the extract confirmed the presence of aliphatic secondary amine, methylene, methoxy, methyl, secondary and primary alcohol, and aliphatic bromo compounds”
Claim · model-written summary
GC-MS identified 24 compounds in the methanolic extract.
- Taxon
- Anneslea fragransAnneslea fragranse0
- Outcome
- presence of 24 compoundse3
- Value
- 24 compoundse3
Verbatim
e0“Anneslea fragrans Wall. commonly called as”
e3“The GC-MS analysis identified the presence of 24 compounds”
Claim · model-written summary
Lupeol was the major compound, at 38%.
- Taxon
- Anneslea fragransAnneslea fragranse0
- Outcome
- Lupeole4
- Value
- 38%e4
- Qualifier
- major compounds > 5%e4
Verbatim
e0“Anneslea fragrans Wall. commonly called as”
e4“the major compounds > 5% being Lupeol (38%) and Glutinol (22.40%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Glutinol was a major compound, at 22.40%.
- Taxon
- Anneslea fragransAnneslea fragranse0
- Outcome
- Glutinole4
- Value
- 22.40%e4
- Qualifier
- major compounds > 5%e4
Verbatim
e0“Anneslea fragrans Wall. commonly called as”
e4“the major compounds > 5% being Lupeol (38%) and Glutinol (22.40%)”
Claim · model-written summary
A 3,5,9-trioxa-phosphaheptacosene aminium compound was present at 7.74%.
- Taxon
- Anneslea fragransAnneslea fragranse0
- Outcome
- 3,5,9-Trioxa-5-phosphaheptacos-18-en-1-aminium, 4-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-10-oxo-7-[(1-oxo-9-octadecenyl)oxy]-, hydroxide, inner salt, 4-oxide, (R)-e5
- Value
- 7.74%e5
Verbatim
e0“Anneslea fragrans Wall. commonly called as”
e5“3,5,9-Trioxa-5-phosphaheptacos-18-en-1-aminium, 4-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-10-oxo-7-[(1-oxo-9-octadecenyl)oxy]-, hydroxide, inner salt, 4-oxide, (R)- (7.74%)”
Claim · model-written summary
24-noroleana-3,12-diene was present at 6.43%.
- Taxon
- Anneslea fragransAnneslea fragranse0
- Outcome
- 24- noroleana-3,12-dienee6
- Value
- 6.43%e6
Verbatim
e0“Anneslea fragrans Wall. commonly called as”
e6“and 24- noroleana-3,12-diene (6.43%)”
Claim · model-written summary
The anti-lithiatic effects of the plant may be attributed to phytocompounds that inhibit CaOx nucleation and aggregation.
- Taxon
- Anneslea fragransAnneslea fragranse0
- Outcome
- notable anti-lithiatic effectse7
- Qualifier
- phytocompoundse7
Verbatim
e0“Anneslea fragrans Wall. commonly called as”
e7“notable anti-lithiatic effects of A.fragrans which could be attributed to the presence of phytocompounds”