Abstract
The long-term use of copper (Cu) fungicides in viticulture has led to the accumulation of Cu in vineyard topsoils, threatening soil health and ecosystem sustainability. Phytoextraction of Cu using cover crops (CCs) has been tested to decrease the concentration of Cu in vineyard topsoil, but its efficiency is limited by the fact that none of the CCs used in viticulture are capable of hyperaccumulating Cu. The present study investigated the use of CCs as “umbrella plants” to intercept the Cu in Bordeaux mixture before it reaches the soil. The ability of spontaneous CC and Sedum lineare to intercept Cu was evaluated in microplots after five applications, nine applications, and 45 days after the tenth and final application of Bordeaux mixture. To illustrate the mechanisms by which Cu could be retained in leaves exposed to Cu fungicides, drops of CuSO 4 were deposited on germinated grapevine leaves, and Cu internalisation and transformation were assessed using synchrotron-based analyses (μXRF, μXANES). Our results showed that CCs tolerated repeated applications of Bordeaux mixture without growth impairment, and intercepted up to 7% of the amount of Cu sprayed on the surface of their leaves. Spontaneous CC and Sedum lineare accumulated similar amounts of Cu, suggesting that, in our experimental conditions, leaf properties had only a minor impact on Cu interception. Synchrotron analyses suggest that part of the ionic Cu intercepted by a grapevine leaf can penetrate plant leaves, bind to the cell wall in the leaf epidermis and penetrate the mesophyll and vascular tissues, where it associates with sulphur ligands. This study provides proof of concept for using CCs as “umbrella plants” to intercept Bordeaux mixture during grapevine growth. Species with high soil coverage and with low water and nutrient demand would be good candidate CCs to avoid competition with grapevine.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Cover crops tolerated repeated applications of Bordeaux mixture without growth impairment.
Verbatim
e0“CCs tolerated repeated applications of Bordeaux mixture without growth impairment, and intercepted up to 7% of the amount of Cu sprayed on the surface of their leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Cover crops intercepted up to 7% of the amount of Cu sprayed on the surface of their leaves.
Verbatim
e0“CCs tolerated repeated applications of Bordeaux mixture without growth impairment, and intercepted up to 7% of the amount of Cu sprayed on the surface of their leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Spontaneous cover crop and Sedum lineare accumulated similar amounts of Cu.
Verbatim
e0“Spontaneous CC and Sedum lineare accumulated similar amounts of Cu, suggesting that, in our experimental conditions, leaf properties had only a minor impact on Cu interception”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest that, under their experimental conditions, leaf properties had only a minor impact on Cu interception.
Verbatim
e0“Spontaneous CC and Sedum lineare accumulated similar amounts of Cu, suggesting that, in our experimental conditions, leaf properties had only a minor impact on Cu interception”
Claim · model-written summary
Synchrotron analyses suggest that part of the ionic Cu intercepted by a grapevine leaf can penetrate the leaf, bind to the cell wall in the epidermis and penetrate mesophyll and vascular tissues, where it associates with sulphur ligands.
- Organ / stage
- leaf epidermise0
- Outcome
- can penetrate plant leaves, bind to the cell wall in the leaf epidermis and penetrate the mesophyll and vascular tissuese0
VitisOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“part of the ionic Cu intercepted by a grapevine leaf can penetrate plant leaves, bind to the cell wall in the leaf epidermis and penetrate the mesophyll and vascular tissues, where it associates with sulphur ligands”
Claim · model-written summary
Species with high soil coverage and low water and nutrient demand would be good candidate cover crops to avoid competition with grapevine.
Verbatim
e0“Species with high soil coverage and with low water and nutrient demand would be good candidate CCs to avoid competition with grapevine”