Abstract
In 2024, a study was conducted in the Almaty Region on 16 varieties of spring soft wheat to assess the impact of growth stages, cultivation conditions, and the severity of root rot infection on biometric parameters and crop yield. This study represents the first systematic evaluation of root rot dynamics across multiple growth stages and contrasting agronomic backgrounds in Kazakhstan. It was found that the maximum root rot prevalence (32.65%) and severity (8.78%) were observed during the tillering phase. By the harvesting phase, these indicators decreased, indicating the dynamic nature of pathogenesis. Cultivation conditions had a significant influence: Under natural conditions, disease prevalence was 26.79%, while on an infectious background, it increased to 31.60%. With fungicide application, prevalence decreased to 8.80%. Fungicide treatment proved effective in suppressing infection, though some varieties exhibited stress responses, leading to reduced productivity. The highest grain weight per plant (13.71 g) was recorded under natural conditions, while the lowest (8.31 g) was observed on the infectious background. Analysis of biometric parameters revealed significant differences between varieties in traits such as tillering capacity, stem length, spike length, and spikelet number. These findings provide a practical framework for improving integrated disease management strategies and for breeding wheat varieties adapted to regional agroecological conditions. These results highlight the importance of integrated disease management and genotype selection to sustain wheat productivity under biotic stress.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Root rot prevalence and severity peaked at tillering.
- Taxon
- Spring Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Organ / stage
- tillering phasee0
- Outcome
- root rot prevalencee0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 32.65%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maximum root rot prevalence (32.65%) and severity (8.78%) were observed during the tillering phase”
t0“Spring Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Root rot severity peaked at 8.78% during tillering.
- Taxon
- Spring WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- tillering phasee0
- Outcome
- severitye0
- Value
- 8.78%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“severity (8.78%) were observed during the tillering phase”
t0“Spring Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Root rot indicators decreased by harvest.
- Taxon
- Spring WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- harvesting phasee0
- Outcome
- these indicatorse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“By the harvesting phase, these indicators decreased”
t0“Spring Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Disease prevalence increased from 26.79% under natural conditions to 31.60% on an infectious background.
- Taxon
- Spring WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- infectious backgrounde0
- Outcome
- disease prevalencee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 31.60%e0
- Qualifier
- 26.79%e0
- Comparator
- natural conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cultivation conditions had a significant influence: Under natural conditions, disease prevalence was 26.79%, while on an infectious background, it increased to 31.60%.”
t0“Spring Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungicide reduced disease prevalence to 8.80%.
- Taxon
- Spring WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- fungicide applicatione0
- Outcome
- prevalencee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 8.80%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With fungicide application, prevalence decreased to 8.80%.”
t0“Spring Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Some varieties showed stress responses and reduced productivity after fungicide treatment.
- Taxon
- Spring WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Fungicide treatmente0
- Outcome
- productivitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- some varietiese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fungicide treatment proved effective in suppressing infection, though some varieties exhibited stress responses, leading to reduced productivity.”
t0“Spring Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain weight per plant was highest under natural conditions at 13.71 g.
- Taxon
- Spring WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- grain weight per plante0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 13.71 ge0
- Setting
- natural conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“highest grain weight per plant (13.71 g) was recorded under natural conditions”
t0“Spring Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain weight per plant was lowest on the infectious background at 8.31 g.
- Taxon
- Spring WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- grain weight per plante1
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 8.31 ge0
- Setting
- infectious backgrounde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lowest (8.31 g) was observed on the infectious background”
e1“grain weight per plant”
t0“Spring Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Varieties differed significantly in tillering capacity, stem length, and spike length.
- Taxon
- Spring WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- tillering capacity, stem length, spike lengthe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significant differences between varieties in traits such as tillering capacity, stem length, spike length, and spikelet number”
t0“Spring Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Varieties differed significantly in spikelet number.
- Taxon
- Spring WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- spikelet numbere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significant differences between varieties in traits such as tillering capacity, stem length, spike length, and spikelet number”
t0“Spring Wheat”
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