Abstract
AbstractA field experiment was conducted at Research Farm, Division of Agronomy, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu during Kharif 2020 to evaluate the influence of pre- and post-emergence herbicides on weeds and yield of direct- seeded rice. The experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design with three replications. The treatments evaluated in the study include: pre-emergence application of (PE) pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl 20 g/ha PE, pretilachlor 600 g/ha PE, pretilachlor + pyrazosulfuron ethyl 615 PE g/ha, post- emergence application (PoE) of bispyribac-sodium 25 g/ha PoE at 25 DAS, penoxsulam + cyhalofop-butyl 135 g/ha PoE at 25 DAS, triafamone + ethoxysulfuron 66.5 g/ha PoE at 25 DAS along with un-weeded control. Major weeds observed were: Echinochloa spp., Dactyloctenium aegyptium, Cynodon dactylon, Caesulia axillaris, Cyperus spp. and Phyllanthus niruri. Pretilachlor + pyrazosulfuron-ethyl 615 g/ha PE recorded significantly lower weed density and dry biomass at harvest with maximum weed control efficiency (87.10 %), higher grain yield, net returns and benefit: cost ratio (1.99). Amongst, post-emergent herbicides, triafamone + ethoxysulfuron 66.5 g/ha PoE at 25 DAS recorded minimum weed density, weed biomass with highest weed control efficiency (82.61%) at harvest, higher rice grain yield, net returns and benefit cost ratio (2.02).
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Pretilachlor plus pyrazosulfuron-ethyl produced lower weed density and dry biomass at harvest.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Organ / stage
- harveste0
- Treatment
- Pretilachlor + pyrazosulfuron-ethyl 615 g/ha PEe0
- Outcome
- weed density and dry biomasse0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pretilachlor + pyrazosulfuron-ethyl 615 g/ha PE recorded significantly lower weed density and dry biomass at harvest”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The same pre-emergence treatment achieved 87.10 % weed control efficiency.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Pretilachlor + pyrazosulfuron-ethyl 615 g/ha PEe0
- Outcome
- weed control efficiencye0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 87.10 %e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pretilachlor + pyrazosulfuron-ethyl 615 g/ha PE recorded significantly lower weed density and dry biomass at harvest with maximum weed control efficiency (87.10 %)”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The same pre-emergence treatment yielded higher grain yield.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Pretilachlor + pyrazosulfuron-ethyl 615 g/ha PEe0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pretilachlor + pyrazosulfuron-ethyl 615 g/ha PE recorded significantly lower weed density and dry biomass at harvest with maximum weed control efficiency (87.10 %), higher grain yield, net returns and benefit: cost ratio (1.99).”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The same pre-emergence treatment yielded higher net returns.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Pretilachlor + pyrazosulfuron-ethyl 615 g/ha PEe0
- Outcome
- net returnse0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pretilachlor + pyrazosulfuron-ethyl 615 g/ha PE recorded significantly lower weed density and dry biomass at harvest with maximum weed control efficiency (87.10 %), higher grain yield, net returns and benefit: cost ratio (1.99).”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The same pre-emergence treatment yielded a benefit: cost ratio of 1.99.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- benefit: cost ratioe0
- Value
- 1.99e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“benefit: cost ratio (1.99).”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Triafamone plus ethoxysulfuron minimized weed density and biomass at harvest.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- triafamone + ethoxysulfuron 66.5 g/ha PoE at 25 DASe0
- Outcome
- weed density, weed biomasse0
- Direction
- minimume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“triafamone + ethoxysulfuron 66.5 g/ha PoE at 25 DAS recorded minimum weed density, weed biomass”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The post-emergence treatment reached 82.61% weed control efficiency.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- triafamone + ethoxysulfuron 66.5 g/ha PoE at 25 DASe0
- Outcome
- weed control efficiencye0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 82.61%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“triafamone + ethoxysulfuron 66.5 g/ha PoE at 25 DAS recorded minimum weed density, weed biomass with highest weed control efficiency (82.61%) at harvest”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The post-emergence treatment yielded higher rice grain yield and net returns.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- triafamone + ethoxysulfuron 66.5 g/ha PoE at 25 DASe0
- Outcome
- rice grain yield, net returnse0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“triafamone + ethoxysulfuron 66.5 g/ha PoE at 25 DAS recorded minimum weed density, weed biomass with highest weed control efficiency (82.61%) at harvest, higher rice grain yield, net returns and benefit cost ratio (2.02).”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The post-emergence treatment yielded a benefit cost ratio of 2.02.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- benefit cost ratioe0
- Value
- 2.02e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“benefit cost ratio (2.02).”
t0“rice”
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See all 18 papers →8 of 10 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.