Abstract
The defense-growth trade-off remains a central challenge in crop breeding. For molecular breeding of crop disease resistance, immune-inducible promoters are valuable tools, as constitutive expression of defense-related genes often leads to growth defects. In this study, through transcriptome analysis and reporter-based screening, we identified BiPro1, a compact (313 bp) defense-inducible bidirectional promoter from Arabidopsis thaliana, which is responsive to elicitors such as the bacterial flagellin peptide flg22 and fungal chitin oligosaccharides. To demonstrate its utility, we used BiPro1 to precisely replace the intergenic region between two head-to-head nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) genes, RRS1 and RPS4, via CRISPR/Cas9-mediated homologous recombination (HR). The HR-edited plants exhibited normal growth under unchallenged conditions but displayed markedly enhanced induction of both RRS1 and RPS4 under elicitor treatment, accompanied by significantly elevated immune responses. This endowed BiPro1 knock-in plants with broad-spectrum resistance to both bacterial and fungal pathogens, including Pseudomonas syringae, Ralstonia solanacearum, Botrytis cinerea, and Verticillium dahliae. These findings establish BiPro1 as a useful regulatory switch for disease resistance engineering in plants and provide an NLR-based strategy to generate crops with enhanced disease resistance while minimizing growth penalties.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
BiPro1 is a compact 313 bp defense-inducible bidirectional promoter from Arabidopsis thaliana.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thalianae0 - Gene
- BiPro1e0
- Outcome
- defense-inducible bidirectional promotere0
- Value
- 313 bpe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“we identified BiPro1, a compact (313 bp) defense-inducible bidirectional promoter from Arabidopsis thaliana, which is responsive to elicitors such as the bacterial flagellin peptide flg22 and fungal chitin oligosaccharides”
Claim · model-written summary
BiPro1 is responsive to elicitors such as flg22 and fungal chitin oligosaccharides.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Gene
- BiPro1e0
- Outcome
- responsive to elicitors such as the bacterial flagellin peptide flg22 and fungal chitin oligosaccharidese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“we identified BiPro1, a compact (313 bp) defense-inducible bidirectional promoter from Arabidopsis thaliana, which is responsive to elicitors such as the bacterial flagellin peptide flg22 and fungal chitin oligosaccharides”
Claim · model-written summary
BiPro1 knock-in plants show normal growth under unchallenged conditions in Arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- BiPro1 knock-in plantse2
- Outcome
- normal growthe1
- Qualifier
- under unchallenged conditionse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in Arabidopsis without growth trade-offs”
e1“The HR-edited plants exhibited normal growth under unchallenged conditions but displayed markedly enhanced induction of both RRS1 and RPS4 under elicitor treatment, accompanied by significantly elevated immune responses”
e2“This endowed BiPro1 knock-in plants with broad-spectrum resistance to both bacterial and fungal pathogens, including Pseudomonas syringae, Ralstonia solanacearum, Botrytis cinerea, and Verticillium dahliae”
Claim · model-written summary
Induction of RRS1 and RPS4 by elicitor treatment was markedly enhanced in BiPro1 knock-in Arabidopsis plants.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- elicitor treatmente1
- Gene
- RRS1 and RPS4e1
- Outcome
- inductione1
- Direction
- markedly enhancede1
- Comparator
- normal growth under unchallenged conditionse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in Arabidopsis without growth trade-offs”
e1“The HR-edited plants exhibited normal growth under unchallenged conditions but displayed markedly enhanced induction of both RRS1 and RPS4 under elicitor treatment, accompanied by significantly elevated immune responses”
Claim · model-written summary
BiPro1 knock-in plants showed significantly elevated immune responses in Arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Outcome
- immune responsese1
- Direction
- significantly elevatede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in Arabidopsis without growth trade-offs”
e1“The HR-edited plants exhibited normal growth under unchallenged conditions but displayed markedly enhanced induction of both RRS1 and RPS4 under elicitor treatment, accompanied by significantly elevated immune responses”
Claim · model-written summary
BiPro1 knock-in plants showed broad-spectrum resistance to Pseudomonas syringae, as reported for Arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- BiPro1 knock-in plantse2
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas syringae
Pseudomonas syringaee2pathogen - Outcome
- broad-spectrum resistancee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in Arabidopsis without growth trade-offs”
e2“This endowed BiPro1 knock-in plants with broad-spectrum resistance to both bacterial and fungal pathogens, including Pseudomonas syringae, Ralstonia solanacearum, Botrytis cinerea, and Verticillium dahliae”
Claim · model-written summary
BiPro1 knock-in plants showed broad-spectrum resistance to Ralstonia solanacearum, as reported for Arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- BiPro1 knock-in plantse2
- Interactor
- Ralstonia solanacearum
Ralstonia solanacearume2pathogen - Outcome
- broad-spectrum resistancee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in Arabidopsis without growth trade-offs”
e2“This endowed BiPro1 knock-in plants with broad-spectrum resistance to both bacterial and fungal pathogens, including Pseudomonas syringae, Ralstonia solanacearum, Botrytis cinerea, and Verticillium dahliae”
Claim · model-written summary
BiPro1 knock-in plants showed broad-spectrum resistance to Botrytis cinerea, as reported for Arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- BiPro1 knock-in plantse2
- Interactor
- Botrytis cinerea
Botrytis cinereae2pathogen - Outcome
- broad-spectrum resistancee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in Arabidopsis without growth trade-offs”
e2“This endowed BiPro1 knock-in plants with broad-spectrum resistance to both bacterial and fungal pathogens, including Pseudomonas syringae, Ralstonia solanacearum, Botrytis cinerea, and Verticillium dahliae”
Claim · model-written summary
BiPro1 knock-in plants showed broad-spectrum resistance to Verticillium dahliae, as reported for Arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- BiPro1 knock-in plantse2
- Interactor
- Verticillium dahliae
Verticillium dahliaee2pathogen - Outcome
- broad-spectrum resistancee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in Arabidopsis without growth trade-offs”
e2“This endowed BiPro1 knock-in plants with broad-spectrum resistance to both bacterial and fungal pathogens, including Pseudomonas syringae, Ralstonia solanacearum, Botrytis cinerea, and Verticillium dahliae”
Claim · model-written summary
BiPro1 is a useful regulatory switch for disease resistance engineering in plants.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Outcome
- useful regulatory switch for disease resistance engineeringe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in Arabidopsis without growth trade-offs”
e3“These findings establish BiPro1 as a useful regulatory switch for disease resistance engineering in plants”