Abstract
Floret opening (FO) in rice (Oryza sativa L.) is triggered by lodicule swelling. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying lodicule-mediated FO remain largely unclear. In particular, it is unknown whether distinct floral cell types coordinately regulate lodicule osmotic potential and cell wall remodeling. To address this question, we performed single-cell transcriptome sequencing on spikelets sampled at pre-floret opening and FO stages. This study demonstrates strong communication between phloem and lodicule cells during FO, potentially involving transport of calcium ions, soluble sugars, and water. These osmolytes contribute to lowering lodicule osmotic potential, thereby facilitating swelling. Multiple FO genes involved in lodicule cell wall remodeling showed heterogeneous activation in lodicule cells, suggesting fine regulation of cell wall remodeling and cell deformation. Together, these findings provide single-cell insights into lodicule control of FO. In addition, we identified multiple FO regulators, providing genetic resources for improving FO.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Single-cell transcriptome data showed strong communication between phloem and lodicule cells during rice floret opening.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Organ / stage
- lodicule cellse0
- Outcome
- strong communication between phloem and lodicule cellse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice floret opening”
e0“strong communication between phloem and lodicule cells during FO”
Claim · model-written summary
The communication between phloem and lodicule cells potentially involves transport of calcium ions, soluble sugars and water.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Compound
- calcium ions, soluble sugars, and watere0
- Outcome
- communication between phloem and lodicule cellse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice floret opening”
e0“strong communication between phloem and lodicule cells during FO, potentially involving transport of calcium ions, soluble sugars, and water”
Claim · model-written summary
The osmolytes contribute to lowering lodicule osmotic potential, thereby facilitating lodicule swelling.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Compound
- osmolytese0
- Outcome
- lowering lodicule osmotic potentiale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice floret opening”
e0“These osmolytes contribute to lowering lodicule osmotic potential, thereby facilitating swelling”
Claim · model-written summary
Multiple floret-opening genes involved in lodicule cell wall remodeling showed heterogeneous activation in lodicule cells.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- lodicule cellse0
- Gene
- FO genese0
- Outcome
- heterogeneous activatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice floret opening”
e0“Multiple FO genes involved in lodicule cell wall remodeling showed heterogeneous activation in lodicule cells”
Claim · model-written summary
Multiple floret-opening regulators were identified in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- multiple FO regulatorse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice floret opening”
e0“we identified multiple FO regulators”