Abstract
Addressing the environmental and agricultural impacts of chemical pesticides and fertilizers in the face of rapid global population growth requires sustainable alternatives. We investigate the synthesis of chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) and their effects on mung bean through seed priming. The ionic gelation method was employed that involved the crosslinking of polycationic chitosan and polyanionic sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP). Characterization techniques including XRD (X-ray diffraction), FT-IR (Fourier transform infrared) spectroscopy, EDS (Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy), DLS (Dynamic light scattering), and SEM (Scanning electron microscopy) confirmed the successful synthesis of nanoparticles. SEM analysis indicated a mean particle size <200 nm, while DLS analysis revealed an average hydrodynamic size of 373.9 nm and a zeta potential of +40.1 mV. Seed priming with the CSNP particularly at the optimal concentration of 0.05% resulted in significant improvements in key physiological and biochemical parameters. Treated seeds showed increased germination percentage, reduced mean germination time, enhanced root and shoot length, and a higher seedling vigor index. Fresh and dry weights of seedlings, along with total protein content, were also elevated compared to the control. Chlorophyl content increased markedly, indicating enhanced photosynthetic potential. FT-IR analysis of primed seeds revealed higher peak functional group bands, suggesting increased biochemical activation and metabolic stimulation during early germination. Overall, this study demonstrates that low concentrations of CSNPs effectively promote seedling development and improve early plant vigor. CSNP-based seed priming presents a sustainable, efficient, and environmentally friendly strategy for enhancing mung bean productivity.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Priming nanoparticles had a mean SEM particle size below 200 nm.
- Taxon
- mung bean
.jpg?width=60)
Vigna radiatat0 - Outcome
- mean particle sizee0
- Value
- <200 nme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“mung bean”
e0“SEM analysis indicated a mean particle size <200 nm”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanoparticles had an average hydrodynamic size of 373.9 nm.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Outcome
- average hydrodynamic sizee0
- Value
- 373.9 nme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“mung bean”
e0“DLS analysis revealed an average hydrodynamic size of 373.9 nm”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanoparticles had a zeta potential of +40.1 mV.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Outcome
- zeta potentiale0
- Value
- +40.1 mVe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“mung bean”
e0“a zeta potential of +40.1 mV”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed priming with CSNP increased germination percentage.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- Seed priming with the CSNPe0
- Outcome
- germination percentagee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 0.05%e0
- Qualifier
- optimal concentratione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“mung bean”
e0“Seed priming with the CSNP particularly at the optimal concentration of 0.05% resulted in significant improvements in key physiological and biochemical parameters. Treated seeds showed increased germination percentage”
Claim · model-written summary
CSNP seed priming reduced mean germination time.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- Seed priming with the CSNPe0
- Outcome
- mean germination timee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“mung bean”
e0“Seed priming with the CSNP particularly at the optimal concentration of 0.05% resulted in significant improvements in key physiological and biochemical parameters. Treated seeds showed increased germination percentage, reduced mean germination time”
Claim · model-written summary
CSNP priming increased seedling root and shoot length.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- Seed priming with the CSNPe0
- Outcome
- root and shoot lengthe0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“mung bean”
e0“Seed priming with the CSNP particularly at the optimal concentration of 0.05% resulted in significant improvements in key physiological and biochemical parameters. Treated seeds showed increased germination percentage, reduced mean germination time, enhanced root and shoot length”
Claim · model-written summary
CSNP priming increased the seedling vigor index.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- Seed priming with the CSNPe1
- Outcome
- seedling vigor indexe0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“mung bean”
e0“Treated seeds showed increased germination percentage, reduced mean germination time, enhanced root and shoot length, and a higher seedling vigor index”
e1“Seed priming with the CSNP”
Claim · model-written summary
CSNP priming elevated seedling fresh and dry weights.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- Seed priming with the CSNPe1
- Outcome
- Fresh and dry weights of seedlingse0
- Direction
- elevatede0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“mung bean”
e0“Fresh and dry weights of seedlings, along with total protein content, were also elevated compared to the control”
e1“Seed priming with the CSNP”
Claim · model-written summary
CSNP priming elevated total protein content.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- Seed priming with the CSNPe1
- Outcome
- total protein contente0
- Direction
- elevatede0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“mung bean”
e0“total protein content, were also elevated compared to the control”
e1“Seed priming with the CSNP”
Claim · model-written summary
CSNP priming increased chlorophyll content.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- Seed priming with the CSNPe1
- Outcome
- Chlorophyl contente0
- Direction
- increased markedlye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“mung bean”
e0“Chlorophyl content increased markedly”
e1“Seed priming with the CSNP”
Claim · model-written summary
Primed seeds had higher FT-IR peak functional group bands.
- Taxon
- mung beanVigna radiatat0
- Outcome
- peak functional group bandse0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“mung bean”
e0“FT-IR analysis of primed seeds revealed higher peak functional group bands”
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See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.