Abstract
Whole-plant oat silages in spite of a high dry matter content often contain butyric acid. Urea as an additive enables to inhibit butyric acid fermentation and to kill off clostridial spores. Acid whole-plant oat silages, which are free of butyric acid, and mixtures from whole plant oat silage and grass silage quickly deteriorate in air, whereas the alkaline urea treated silages on its own are very stable under aerobic conditions. Urea treatment increases the digestibility of whole-plant oat silages significantly. In opposite to sheep, beef cattle may refuse urea treated alkaline silages fed as a sole forage. After mixing them with a grass silage, however, the urea treated silages from whole plant oats are well accepted.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Urea added to whole-plant oat silage inhibited butyric acid fermentation and killed clostridial spores.
- Taxon
- oat
Avena sativae0 - Treatment
- Urea as an additivee1
- Outcome
- butyric acid fermentatione1
- Direction
- inhibite1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Whole-plant oat silages in spite of a high dry matter content often contain butyric acid”
e1“Urea as an additive enables to inhibit butyric acid fermentation and to kill off clostridial spores”
Claim · model-written summary
Acid whole-plant oat silages free of butyric acid deteriorate quickly in air, unlike urea-treated alkaline silages.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativae2
- Treatment
- Acide2
- Outcome
- deteriorate in aire2
- Comparator
- alkaline urea treated silagese2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Acid whole-plant oat silages, which are free of butyric acid, and mixtures from whole plant oat silage and grass silage quickly deteriorate in air, whereas the alkaline urea treated silages on its own are very stable under aerobic conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Mixtures of whole-plant oat silage and grass silage deteriorate quickly in air.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativae2
- Treatment
- mixtures from whole plant oat silage and grass silagee2
- Outcome
- deteriorate in aire2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Acid whole-plant oat silages, which are free of butyric acid, and mixtures from whole plant oat silage and grass silage quickly deteriorate in air, whereas the alkaline urea treated silages on its own are very stable under aerobic conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Alkaline urea-treated whole-plant oat silages are very stable under aerobic conditions.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativae2
- Treatment
- alkaline urea treated silagese2
- Outcome
- stable under aerobic conditionse2
- Comparator
- Acide2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Acid whole-plant oat silages, which are free of butyric acid, and mixtures from whole plant oat silage and grass silage quickly deteriorate in air, whereas the alkaline urea treated silages on its own are very stable under aerobic conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Urea treatment significantly increased the digestibility of whole-plant oat silages.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativae0
- Treatment
- Urea treatmente3
- Outcome
- digestibilitye3
- Direction
- increasese3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Whole-plant oat silages in spite of a high dry matter content often contain butyric acid”
e3“Urea treatment increases the digestibility of whole-plant oat silages significantly”
Claim · model-written summary
Beef cattle may refuse urea-treated alkaline oat silage fed as sole forage, unlike sheep.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativae0
- Treatment
- urea treated alkaline silages fed as a sole foragee4
- Interactor
- beef cattlee4herbivore
- Outcome
- refusee4
- Comparator
- sheepe4
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Whole-plant oat silages in spite of a high dry matter content often contain butyric acid”
e4“In opposite to sheep, beef cattle may refuse urea treated alkaline silages fed as a sole forage”
Claim · model-written summary
Mixing urea-treated whole-plant oat silage with grass silage made it well accepted by cattle.
- Taxon
- whole plant oatse5
- Treatment
- mixing them with a grass silagee5
- Outcome
- well acceptede5
- Comparator
- sole foragee4
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e4“In opposite to sheep, beef cattle may refuse urea treated alkaline silages fed as a sole forage”
e5“After mixing them with a grass silage, however, the urea treated silages from whole plant oats are well accepted”
The same questions in other papers
nitrogen · quality: grain · Avena sativa (oats)Results differ
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- negative
- negative
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See all 21 papers →nitrogen · molecular: metabolites · Avena sativa (oats)Positive and negative results
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- negative
- no effect
- negative
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See all 18 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.