“decrease in density”

Claim · model-written summary

Direct-contact heating increased rubberwood surface density by 524 kg/m³ relative to untreated material.

Taxon

rubberwoode0

Treatment

direct-contact heatinge2

Outcome

surface densitye1

Direction

increasee1

Value

524 kg/m³e1

Comparator

untreated materialse1

Verbatim

e0

“with rubberwood emerging as a promising resource”

e1

“Compared to untreated materials, the treated specimens exhibited a 524 kg/m³ increase in surface density, a 29–47 % reduction in modulus of rupture, a 2–11 % decrease in modulus of elasticity, a 2–31 % drop in screw holding power, a 33 % reduction in shrinkage, and a 58 % decrease in swelling”

e2

“By employing direct-contact heating, a rapid surface modification is achieved between 5 and 15 min at temperatures ranging from 250 to 290 ℃”

Claim · model-written summary

Direct-contact heating decreased swelling of rubberwood by 58 % relative to untreated material.

Taxon

rubberwoode0

Treatment

direct-contact heatinge2

Outcome

swellinge1

Direction

decreasee1

Value

58 %e1

Comparator

untreated materialse1

Verbatim

e0

“with rubberwood emerging as a promising resource”

e1

“Compared to untreated materials, the treated specimens exhibited a 524 kg/m³ increase in surface density, a 29–47 % reduction in modulus of rupture, a 2–11 % decrease in modulus of elasticity, a 2–31 % drop in screw holding power, a 33 % reduction in shrinkage, and a 58 % decrease in swelling”

e2

“By employing direct-contact heating, a rapid surface modification is achieved between 5 and 15 min at temperatures ranging from 250 to 290 ℃”

Claim · model-written summary

Direct-contact heating decreased modulus of elasticity of rubberwood by 2–11 % relative to untreated material.

Taxon

rubberwoode0

Treatment

direct-contact heatinge2

Outcome

modulus of elasticitye1

Direction

decreasee1

Value

2–11 %e1

Comparator

untreated materialse1

Verbatim

e0

“with rubberwood emerging as a promising resource”

e1

“Compared to untreated materials, the treated specimens exhibited a 524 kg/m³ increase in surface density, a 29–47 % reduction in modulus of rupture, a 2–11 % decrease in modulus of elasticity, a 2–31 % drop in screw holding power, a 33 % reduction in shrinkage, and a 58 % decrease in swelling”

e2

“By employing direct-contact heating, a rapid surface modification is achieved between 5 and 15 min at temperatures ranging from 250 to 290 ℃”

Claim · model-written summary

Direct-contact heating reduced shrinkage of rubberwood by 33 % relative to untreated material.

Taxon

rubberwoode0

Treatment

direct-contact heatinge2

Outcome

shrinkagee1

Direction

reductione1

Value

33 %e1

Comparator

untreated materialse1

Verbatim

e0

“with rubberwood emerging as a promising resource”

e1

“Compared to untreated materials, the treated specimens exhibited a 524 kg/m³ increase in surface density, a 29–47 % reduction in modulus of rupture, a 2–11 % decrease in modulus of elasticity, a 2–31 % drop in screw holding power, a 33 % reduction in shrinkage, and a 58 % decrease in swelling”

e2

“By employing direct-contact heating, a rapid surface modification is achieved between 5 and 15 min at temperatures ranging from 250 to 290 ℃”

Claim · model-written summary

Direct-contact heating reduced modulus of rupture of rubberwood by 29–47 % relative to untreated material.

Taxon

rubberwoode0

Treatment

direct-contact heatinge2

Outcome

modulus of rupturee1

Direction

reductione1

Value

29–47 %e1

Comparator

untreated materialse1

Verbatim

e0

“with rubberwood emerging as a promising resource”

e1

“Compared to untreated materials, the treated specimens exhibited a 524 kg/m³ increase in surface density, a 29–47 % reduction in modulus of rupture, a 2–11 % decrease in modulus of elasticity, a 2–31 % drop in screw holding power, a 33 % reduction in shrinkage, and a 58 % decrease in swelling”

e2

“By employing direct-contact heating, a rapid surface modification is achieved between 5 and 15 min at temperatures ranging from 250 to 290 ℃”

Claim · model-written summary

Direct-contact heating dropped screw holding power of rubberwood by 2–31 % relative to untreated material.

Taxon

rubberwoode0

Treatment

direct-contact heatinge2

Outcome

screw holding powere1

Direction

drope1

Value

2–31 %e1

Comparator

untreated materialse1

Verbatim

e0

“with rubberwood emerging as a promising resource”

e1

“Compared to untreated materials, the treated specimens exhibited a 524 kg/m³ increase in surface density, a 29–47 % reduction in modulus of rupture, a 2–11 % decrease in modulus of elasticity, a 2–31 % drop in screw holding power, a 33 % reduction in shrinkage, and a 58 % decrease in swelling”

e2

“By employing direct-contact heating, a rapid surface modification is achieved between 5 and 15 min at temperatures ranging from 250 to 290 ℃”

Claim · model-written summary

Direct-contact heating raised the degree of crystallinity of rubberwood from 40 % to 64 % relative to untreated material.

Taxon

rubberwoode0

Treatment

direct-contact heatinge2

Outcome

degree of crystallinitye4

Direction

enhancede4

Value

40 % to 64 %e4

Comparator

untreated materialse1

Verbatim

e0

“with rubberwood emerging as a promising resource”

e1

“Compared to untreated materials, the treated specimens exhibited a 524 kg/m³ increase in surface density, a 29–47 % reduction in modulus of rupture, a 2–11 % decrease in modulus of elasticity, a 2–31 % drop in screw holding power, a 33 % reduction in shrinkage, and a 58 % decrease in swelling”

e2

“By employing direct-contact heating, a rapid surface modification is achieved between 5 and 15 min at temperatures ranging from 250 to 290 ℃”

e4

“Mechanistic analysis revealed that selective hemicellulose degradation and lignin redistribution enhanced the overall degree of crystallinity from 40 % to 64 % without compromising the crystalline domains”