Search claims · PlantClaims

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

A marked decrease in oxidation is not necessarily accompanied by high acidity of the mixtures.

Taxon: Apple Barkt0
Outcome: Marked decrease in oxidatione1
Qualifier: not necessarily accompanied by high acidity of the mixturese1

Verbatim

t0
“Apple Bark”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 41–51

e1
“Marked decrease in oxidation is not necessarily accompanied by high acidity of the mixtures”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 817–908

Title

Effect of Salts Upon Oxidase Activity of Apple Bark

D. H. Rose; Henry R. Kraybill; R. C. Rose Botanical Gazette 1920. doi:10.1086/332636

Other claims from this paper (13)

Intervention effect One-tenth normal solutions of all the chlorides tested decreased oxidation of pyrogallol by apple bark powder.
Intervention effect 0.10 N solutions of all the sulphates tested increased oxidation very slightly.
Intervention effect Potassium, sodium and magnesium nitrates (0.10 N) had practically no effect on oxidation.
Intervention effect Nitrates of calcium, barium, manganese and ferric iron decreased oxidation.
Intervention effect Potassium chloride (0.02 N and 0.002 N) had no effect on oxidation.
Intervention effect Manganese chloride at these concentrations increased oxidation.
Intervention effect Tartrates, oxalates and citrates increased oxidation.
Intervention effect Acetates and carbonates increased oxidation.
Mechanism The marked increase in oxidation is attributed in part to the low acidity of the mixtures.
Mechanism Ions other than hydrogen and hydroxyl may be important in regulating oxidase activity.
Recommendation Authors recommend taking into account the possible effect of the salts formed when neutralizing hydrogen or hydroxyl ions in oxidase studies.
Association The chlorides that retard tobacco combustion at high temperatures also retard oxidase action at low temperatures.
Recommendation Authors suggest using alkali chlorides to prevent browning of fruits and vegetables during canning, preserving or drying.

Observationauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Green manuring appeared to decrease soil hydrogen-ion concentration.

Outcome: hydrogen‐ion concentratione0
Direction: decreasee0

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e0
“any change brought about in the soil reaction appears to be towards a decrease rather than an increase in the hydrogen‐ion concentration”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2106–2242

Title

COMMON SCAB OF POTATOES1

W. A. MILLARD Annals of Applied Biology 1923. doi:10.1111/j.1744-7348.1923.tb05654.x

Other claims from this paper (19)

Observation Common potato scab showed raised and pitted forms and intermediate forms.
Observation The causal organism in examined scab cases belonged to Actinomyces.
Observation Isolated Actinomyces strains differed in culture but were grouped as A. scabies.
Observation Scab was most common and virulent on light sandy or gravelly soils.
Observation Scab was rare on peat soils.
Intervention effect Liberal green-manure applications may inhibit potato scab.
Intervention effect Spent hops had value in scab control.
Intervention effect Leaf mould had long given good results against scab.
Intervention effect Lime or chalk had little or no scab effect on neutral soils.
Intervention effect On distinctly acid soils, lime or chalk tended to aggravate scab unless organic matter was abundant.
Intervention effect Green manuring may counteract lime-related scab aggravation.
Mechanism Soil hydrogen-ion concentration was not a direct control of scab.
Observation Scab was slight at high hydrogen-ion concentration but occurred at pH 4.4.
Observation Actinomyces occurred in large numbers at soil pH as low as 4.4.
Association Scab occurrence was unrelated to soil pH in nearly neutral soils.
Mechanism The authors proposed preferential feeding as an explanation for soil and amendment effects on scab.
Mechanism The proposed mechanism holds that Actinomyces becomes parasitic when vegetable remains are exhausted.
Association Scab was more prevalent in dry than wet seasons.
Mechanism The authors proposed rainfall control of soil air content as the main climatic influence on aerobic scab organisms, especially in clay soils.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Catalase decreased in the embryo of germinating wheat.

Taxon: wheatTriticum aestivume0
Organ / stage: embryoe0
Gene: catalasee0
Outcome: catalasee0
Direction: decreasee0

Verbatim

e0
“There is a decrease of catalase in both the embryo and the endosperm of germinating wheat.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 267–357

Title

Divergence of Catalase and Respiration in Germination

Louisa E. Rhine Botanical Gazette 1924. doi:10.1086/333355

Other claims from this paper (16)

Observation Catalase decreased in early germination in six seed kinds.
Observation Catalase rose after its initial decrease during germination.
Observation Catalase slowly decreased almost to exhaustion in seeds soaked for a prolonged period in oxygen-free water.
Observation Catalase decreased in the endosperm of germinating wheat.
Observation Catalase subsequently rose in the wheat embryo.
Observation Catalase subsequently rose in the wheat endosperm to a much lesser extent.
Method / resource A respirometer permits repeated direct oxygen and carbon dioxide measurements on large samples.
Observation Respiration rose immediately when seeds were placed under germinating conditions.
Observation The early respiration curve diverged from the typical germination catalase curve.
Observation Catalase per unit wet weight decreased in ripening seeds.
Observation Catalase per unit dry weight decreased in ripening seeds.
Observation Catalase per ovule increased as seeds grew.
Observation Catalase per ovule decreased rapidly after seed ripening began as water content fell.
Mechanism Catalase production was indirectly connected with oxidation.
Mechanism The authors propose that hydrogen peroxide could stimulate catalase production.
Recommendation The authors recommend using catalase as a metabolic indicator only where respiration does not change rapidly.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Catalase decreased in the endosperm of germinating wheat.

Taxon: wheatTriticum aestivume0
Organ / stage: endosperme0
Gene: catalasee0
Outcome: catalasee0
Direction: decreasee0

Verbatim

e0
“There is a decrease of catalase in both the embryo and the endosperm of germinating wheat.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 267–357

Title

Divergence of Catalase and Respiration in Germination

Louisa E. Rhine Botanical Gazette 1924. doi:10.1086/333355

Other claims from this paper (16)

Observation Catalase decreased in early germination in six seed kinds.
Observation Catalase rose after its initial decrease during germination.
Observation Catalase slowly decreased almost to exhaustion in seeds soaked for a prolonged period in oxygen-free water.
Observation Catalase decreased in the embryo of germinating wheat.
Observation Catalase subsequently rose in the wheat embryo.
Observation Catalase subsequently rose in the wheat endosperm to a much lesser extent.
Method / resource A respirometer permits repeated direct oxygen and carbon dioxide measurements on large samples.
Observation Respiration rose immediately when seeds were placed under germinating conditions.
Observation The early respiration curve diverged from the typical germination catalase curve.
Observation Catalase per unit wet weight decreased in ripening seeds.
Observation Catalase per unit dry weight decreased in ripening seeds.
Observation Catalase per ovule increased as seeds grew.
Observation Catalase per ovule decreased rapidly after seed ripening began as water content fell.
Mechanism Catalase production was indirectly connected with oxidation.
Mechanism The authors propose that hydrogen peroxide could stimulate catalase production.
Recommendation The authors recommend using catalase as a metabolic indicator only where respiration does not change rapidly.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Infestation intensity decreased approximately 20per cent in New England.

Taxon: cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
Interactor: European Corn BorerOstrinia nubilalist0pest
Outcome: intensitye0
Direction: decreasee0
Value: approximately 20per cente0
Setting: New Englande0

Verbatim

e0
“A decrease in intensity of approximately 20per cent occurred in New England”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 527–602

t0
“European Corn Borer”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 14–33

Title

Status of the European Corn Borer in the United States in 1924

D. J. Caffrey Journal of Economic Entomology 1925. doi:10.1093/jee/18.1.98

Other claims from this paper (14)

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Water content decreased slowly after rapid imbibition during after-ripening.

Taxon: JuniperusJuniperust0
Outcome: water contente0
Direction: decreasee0
Qualifier: during after-ripening or until near germinatione0

Verbatim

e0
“rather rapid and complete imbibition, followed by a steady slow decrease in water content during after-ripening or until near germination”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1928–2065

t0
“Juniperus”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 34–43

Title

After-Ripening and Germination of Juniperus Seeds

Dean A. Pack Botanical Gazette 1921. doi:10.1086/332788

Other claims from this paper (19)

Observation Non-after-ripened juniper seeds germinated at 1% under ordinary conditions.
Observation The seed coat is semipermeable and accounts for 75% of seed weight.
Observation Acids entered the coat slowly relative to bases and salts.
Mechanism The coat played little or no role in seed dormancy or after-ripening.
Observation Resting seeds stored fats and proteins, traces of glucose and no starch.
Observation Resting seed endosperm had pH about 5 versus about 8 in the embryo.
Intervention effect Listed forcing agents failed to induce germination of non-after-ripened seeds.
Intervention effect Freezing and thawing did not force germination or hasten after-ripening.
Intervention effect Seeds ready to germinate were killed by exposure to −5°C.
Observation Juniper seeds have a dormant embryo requiring after-ripening.
Observation After-ripening occurred from about 0 to 10°C and was fastest around 5°C.
Observation Embryo hydrogen ion concentration increased during after-ripening.
Observation Stored fat dispersion increased during after-ripening.
Observation Stored fat and protein declined during after-ripening.
Observation Amino acid content increased sevenfold.
Observation Soluble proteins increased with hydrolysis of stored protein.
Observation Catalase activity doubled during after-ripening.
Observation Resting and after-ripened seeds germinated at no more than about 1% above 15°C.
Observation Seed and seedling chlorophyll development depended on temperature but not light.

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Swede plants left in the field lost dry matter during winter and spring.

Taxon: swedest0
Outcome: dry matter contente0
Direction: decreasee0
Qualifier: winter and springe0
Setting: fielde0

Verbatim

e0
“In the case of plants left standing in the field there is a marked decrease in dry matter content during winter and spring”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 278–400

t0
“swedes”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 14–20

Title

Dry matter of swedes. I

F. W. Sansome The Journal of Agricultural Science 1926. doi:10.1017/s0021859600088274

Other claims from this paper (9)

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The daily soil temperature wave amplitude gradually decreased during branching and flowering.

Taxon: cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
Outcome: amplitude of the daily temperature wavee0
Direction: gradual decreasee0
Setting: Egypte0

Verbatim

e0
“In Egypt, the maximum soil temperatures decline while the minimum soil temperatures remain constant, thus resulting in a gradual decrease in the amplitude of the daily temperature wave during the branching and flowering periods.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 253–481

t0
“cotton”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 24–30

Title

Soil temperatures under cotton in Egypt

E. McKenzie Taylor The Journal of Agricultural Science 1927. doi:10.1017/s0021859600018785

Other claims from this paper (10)

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Catalase subsequently rose in the wheat embryo.

Taxon: wheatTriticum aestivume1
Organ / stage: embryoe0
Gene: catalasee1
Outcome: catalasee1
Direction: risee0

Verbatim

e0
“The subsequent rise occurs not only in the embryo but also in the endosperm, although in a much less marked degree.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 358–473

e1
“There is a decrease of catalase in both the embryo and the endosperm of germinating wheat.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 267–357

Title

Divergence of Catalase and Respiration in Germination

Louisa E. Rhine Botanical Gazette 1924. doi:10.1086/333355

Other claims from this paper (16)

Observation Catalase decreased in early germination in six seed kinds.
Observation Catalase rose after its initial decrease during germination.
Observation Catalase slowly decreased almost to exhaustion in seeds soaked for a prolonged period in oxygen-free water.
Observation Catalase decreased in the embryo of germinating wheat.
Observation Catalase decreased in the endosperm of germinating wheat.
Observation Catalase subsequently rose in the wheat endosperm to a much lesser extent.
Method / resource A respirometer permits repeated direct oxygen and carbon dioxide measurements on large samples.
Observation Respiration rose immediately when seeds were placed under germinating conditions.
Observation The early respiration curve diverged from the typical germination catalase curve.
Observation Catalase per unit wet weight decreased in ripening seeds.
Observation Catalase per unit dry weight decreased in ripening seeds.
Observation Catalase per ovule increased as seeds grew.
Observation Catalase per ovule decreased rapidly after seed ripening began as water content fell.
Mechanism Catalase production was indirectly connected with oxidation.
Mechanism The authors propose that hydrogen peroxide could stimulate catalase production.
Recommendation The authors recommend using catalase as a metabolic indicator only where respiration does not change rapidly.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Catalase subsequently rose in the wheat endosperm to a much lesser extent.

Taxon: wheatTriticum aestivume1
Organ / stage: endosperme0
Gene: catalasee1
Outcome: catalasee1
Direction: risee0
Qualifier: in a much less marked degreee0

Verbatim

e0
“The subsequent rise occurs not only in the embryo but also in the endosperm, although in a much less marked degree.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 358–473

e1
“There is a decrease of catalase in both the embryo and the endosperm of germinating wheat.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 267–357

Title

Divergence of Catalase and Respiration in Germination

Louisa E. Rhine Botanical Gazette 1924. doi:10.1086/333355

Other claims from this paper (16)

Observation Catalase decreased in early germination in six seed kinds.
Observation Catalase rose after its initial decrease during germination.
Observation Catalase slowly decreased almost to exhaustion in seeds soaked for a prolonged period in oxygen-free water.
Observation Catalase decreased in the embryo of germinating wheat.
Observation Catalase decreased in the endosperm of germinating wheat.
Observation Catalase subsequently rose in the wheat embryo.
Method / resource A respirometer permits repeated direct oxygen and carbon dioxide measurements on large samples.
Observation Respiration rose immediately when seeds were placed under germinating conditions.
Observation The early respiration curve diverged from the typical germination catalase curve.
Observation Catalase per unit wet weight decreased in ripening seeds.
Observation Catalase per unit dry weight decreased in ripening seeds.
Observation Catalase per ovule increased as seeds grew.
Observation Catalase per ovule decreased rapidly after seed ripening began as water content fell.
Mechanism Catalase production was indirectly connected with oxidation.
Mechanism The authors propose that hydrogen peroxide could stimulate catalase production.
Recommendation The authors recommend using catalase as a metabolic indicator only where respiration does not change rapidly.

“decrease in A”

Claim types

Direction of the findings

Over time

Claim type

Research area

Polarity

Statistics