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“knobs”

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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

smd1 causes a quantitative reduction in the mobility of knobs on the meiotic spindle in maize.

Taxon: maizeZea mayst0
Treatment: smd1e3
Gene: smd1e3
Outcome: mobility of knobs on the meiotic spindlee3
Direction: reductione3

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0
“centromeric activity in maize”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 13–42

e3
“smd1 causes a quantitative reduction in the mobility of knobs on the meiotic spindle”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 417–501

Title

Induction of centromeric activity in maize by suppressor of meiotic drive 1.

R K Dawe; W Z Cande Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 1996. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.16.8512

Other claims from this paper (3)

Intervention effect smd1 partially suppresses meiotic drive in maize.
Mechanism Smd1 encodes a product necessary for the activation of ectopic centromeres in maize.
Mechanism Meiotic drive in maize occurs as a consequence of the resulting change in chromosome movement.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Dhp-treated protoplasts formed microfibrils coated with globular knobs.

Taxon: Nicotiana tabacumNicotiana tabacumt0
Treatment: Dhpe0
Outcome: microfibrils are coated with globular knobse0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Verbatim

e0
“treatment of protoplasts with Dhp alters the structure of the regenerated wall fibrils in several ways: first, the microfibrils are coated with globular knobs”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 641–799

t0
“Nicotiana tabacum”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 202–219

Title

3,4-Dehydroproline Inhibits Cell Wall Assembly and Cell Division in Tobacco Protoplasts

J. B. Cooper; J. E. Heuser; J. E. Varner PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 1994. doi:10.1104/pp.104.2.747

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect Dhp-treated tobacco protoplasts did not develop osmotic stability.
Intervention effect Dhp-treated tobacco protoplasts did not initiate mitosis.
Observation Untreated protoplasts assembled a dense fibrillar cell wall of laterally associating subelementary fibrils.
Intervention effect Dhp-treated protoplasts formed larger fiber bundles with an open ribbon-like appearance.
Intervention effect The smallest subelementary fibrils were not visible after Dhp treatment.
Mechanism Tobacco cells developed abnormal morphology as a consequence of abnormal wall structure.
Mechanism The authors infer that hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins support primary wall integrity and correct assembly of other wall polymers.
Mechanism The authors infer that wall structure regulates cell division and morphology.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Kinetochore-mediated chromosome movement is only marginally affected by a linked neocentromere.

Taxon: maizeZea mayse0
Treatment: the activity of a linked neocentromeree4
Outcome: Kinetochore-mediated chromosome movemente4
Direction: only marginally affectede4

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“In maize, neocentromeres are induced by a gene or genes on Abnormal chromosome 10 (Ab10) which causes heterochromatic knobs to move poleward at meiotic anaphase”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 83–243

e4
“Kinetochore-mediated chromosome movement is only marginally affected by the activity of a linked neocentromere”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 914–1024

Title

Neocentromere-mediated Chromosome Movement in Maize

Hong-Guo Yu; Evelyn N. Hiatt; Annette Chan; et al. The Journal of Cell Biology 1997. doi:10.1083/jcb.139.4.831

Other claims from this paper (8)

Observation Neocentromeres are active from prometaphase through anaphase in maize meiosis.
Observation Normal chromosomes move on the spindle at an average rate of 0.79 micron/min during mid-anaphase.
Intervention effect The presence of Ab10 does not affect the rate of normal chromosome movement.
Intervention effect Ab10 propels neocentromeres poleward at rates as high as 1.4 micron/min.
Observation Unlike kinetochores, neocentromeres associate laterally with microtubules.
Observation Neocentromere movement is correlated with knob size.
Mechanism Microtubule depolymerization is not required for neocentromere motility.
Mechanism Neocentromeres are mobilized on microtubules by minus end-directed motor proteins.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ab10 propels neocentromeres poleward at rates as high as 1.4 micron/min.

Taxon: maizeZea mayse0
Treatment: Ab10e3
Gene: Ab10e3
Outcome: neocentromerese3
Direction: propelse3
Value: 1.4 micron/mine3

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“In maize, neocentromeres are induced by a gene or genes on Abnormal chromosome 10 (Ab10) which causes heterochromatic knobs to move poleward at meiotic anaphase”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 83–243

e3
“The presence of Ab10 does not affect the rate of normal chromosome movement but propels neocentromeres poleward at rates as high as 1.4 micron/min”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 766–912

Title

Neocentromere-mediated Chromosome Movement in Maize

Hong-Guo Yu; Evelyn N. Hiatt; Annette Chan; et al. The Journal of Cell Biology 1997. doi:10.1083/jcb.139.4.831

Other claims from this paper (8)

Observation Neocentromeres are active from prometaphase through anaphase in maize meiosis.
Observation Normal chromosomes move on the spindle at an average rate of 0.79 micron/min during mid-anaphase.
Intervention effect The presence of Ab10 does not affect the rate of normal chromosome movement.
Intervention effect Kinetochore-mediated chromosome movement is only marginally affected by a linked neocentromere.
Observation Unlike kinetochores, neocentromeres associate laterally with microtubules.
Observation Neocentromere movement is correlated with knob size.
Mechanism Microtubule depolymerization is not required for neocentromere motility.
Mechanism Neocentromeres are mobilized on microtubules by minus end-directed motor proteins.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The presence of Ab10 does not affect the rate of normal chromosome movement.

Taxon: maizeZea mayse0
Treatment: The presence of Ab10e3
Gene: Ab10e3
Outcome: rate of normal chromosome movemente3
Direction: does not affecte3

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“In maize, neocentromeres are induced by a gene or genes on Abnormal chromosome 10 (Ab10) which causes heterochromatic knobs to move poleward at meiotic anaphase”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 83–243

e3
“The presence of Ab10 does not affect the rate of normal chromosome movement but propels neocentromeres poleward at rates as high as 1.4 micron/min”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 766–912

Title

Neocentromere-mediated Chromosome Movement in Maize

Hong-Guo Yu; Evelyn N. Hiatt; Annette Chan; et al. The Journal of Cell Biology 1997. doi:10.1083/jcb.139.4.831

Other claims from this paper (8)

Observation Neocentromeres are active from prometaphase through anaphase in maize meiosis.
Observation Normal chromosomes move on the spindle at an average rate of 0.79 micron/min during mid-anaphase.
Intervention effect Ab10 propels neocentromeres poleward at rates as high as 1.4 micron/min.
Intervention effect Kinetochore-mediated chromosome movement is only marginally affected by a linked neocentromere.
Observation Unlike kinetochores, neocentromeres associate laterally with microtubules.
Observation Neocentromere movement is correlated with knob size.
Mechanism Microtubule depolymerization is not required for neocentromere motility.
Mechanism Neocentromeres are mobilized on microtubules by minus end-directed motor proteins.

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“knobs”

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