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Super Absorbent Polymers and Soil Texture Affects on Zea mays L. Physiological Response, under Drought Stress Condition 1

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Drought decreased maize photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, chlorophyll, relative water content, height and yield.

Taxon: MaizeZea mayse0
Treatment: droughte0
Outcome: net photosynthesis rate, leaf stomatal conductance, chlorophyll (Chl.) a+b, relative water content (RWC), plant height, and grain yielde0
Direction: decreasee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“drought caused a significant decrease in net photosynthesis rate, leaf stomatal conductance, chlorophyll (Chl.) a+b, relative water content (RWC), plant height, and grain yield of Maize”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 938–1123

Title

Super Absorbent Polymers and Soil Texture Affects on Zea mays L. Physiological Response, under Drought Stress Condition

Moeini, Alireza; Neshat, Ali; Yazdanpanah, Najme; et al. Open MIND 2025. doi:10.57647/jcns.2025.1101.04

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect Increasing drought elevated CAT, SOD, APX, REC and proline.
Intervention effect Moderate drought increased WUE by 5.8% relative to control.
Intervention effect Severe drought increased WUE by 11.7% relative to control.
Observation Clay-loam soil produced the maximum grain yield of 491.8 g.
Intervention effect SAP under drought enhanced gas exchange, chlorophyll, water content, height and grain yield.
Intervention effect SAP under drought decreased REC, proline, CAT, SOD and APX activity.
Observation The 80 kg.ha-1 SAP rate gave the highest photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and chlorophyll, and 10 kg.ha-1 gave the lowest.
Intervention effect SAP at 40 and 80 kg.ha-1 increased leaf relative water content.
Intervention effect SAP at 10 and 20 kg.ha-1 had no significant effect on leaf relative water content versus control.
Recommendation The authors recommend 80 kg.ha-1 SAP for drought in sandy and clay-loam soils.

Exogenous Application of Plant Growth Regulators Enhances Short-Term Cold Stress Tolerance in African Marigold Under Field Conditions 1

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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Salicylic acid at 0.5 mM decreased leaf electrolyte leakage by 42.3% at 2 °C.

Taxon: African MarigoldTagetes erectat0
Treatment: Salicylic acid at 0.5 mMe0
Outcome: leaf electrolyte leakagee0
Direction: decreasee0
Value: 42.3%e0
Qualifier: at 2 °Ce0
Comparator: untreated controlse1

Verbatim

e0
“Salicylic acid at 0.5 mM produced the most consistent protective response, increasing biomass accumulation, chlorophyll content, and relative water content while reducing membrane damage, as indicated by a 42.3% decrease in leaf electrolyte leakage at 2 °C”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 765–1021

e1
“relative to untreated controls”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 733–763

t0
“African Marigold”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 94–110

Title

Exogenous Application of Plant Growth Regulators Enhances Short-Term Cold Stress Tolerance in African Marigold Under Field Conditions

Aboomoslem Bideshki; Seyed Mohammad Javad Arvin; Hamid Reza Soufi; et al. Agronomy 2026. doi:10.3390/agronomy16111100

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect Moderate regulator doses improved marigold growth and physiological stability relative to untreated controls.
Intervention effect Salicylic acid at 0.5 mM increased biomass, chlorophyll and relative water content.
Intervention effect Silicon at 10 mM enhanced membrane integrity, water status and vegetative growth under low temperature.
Intervention effect Methyl jasmonate at 10 µM mitigated membrane damage and improved physiological tolerance.
Intervention effect Methyl jasmonate at 50 µM was less effective than 10 µM.
Intervention effect Optimal salicylic acid increased plant dry mass by 39.7%.
Intervention effect Optimal silicon increased plant dry mass by 30.1%.
Intervention effect Optimal methyl jasmonate increased plant dry mass by 38.5%.
Association Growth, chlorophyll and relative water content were positively correlated.
Association Electrolyte leakage correlated negatively with biomass and water status.

Potential Advantages of Infrared Spectroscopy in Early Diagnosis of Pine Wilt Disease 1

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Observationauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

A decrease-increase-stabilize-decrease pattern in certain peaks, together with coordinated changes across peaks, is a unique spectral signature of PWD.

Taxon: Pinus thunbergiiPinus thunbergiie1
Interactor: pine wood nematodeBursaphelenchus xylophiluse1pathogen
Outcome: decrease-increase-stabilize-decrease patterne2

Verbatim

e1
“This study employed 3-year-old Pinus thunbergii seedlings as the experimental materials to compare the timing of anomaly detection in needle water content, relative conductivity (RC), and ATR-FTIR spectroscopy following inoculation with the pine wood nematode (PWN)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 234–499

e2
“coordinated changes across multiple peaks and the distinctive decrease-increase-stabilize-decrease pattern observed in certain peaks constitute a unique spectral signature of PWD”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1966–2144

Title

Potential Advantages of Infrared Spectroscopy in Early Diagnosis of Pine Wilt Disease

Ying Li; Jianren Ye; Hao Cheng; et al. Plant Disease 2026. doi:10.1094/pdis-02-26-0426-re

Other claims from this paper (15)

Response of Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of Red Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to Chemical and Biological Nitrogen Fertilizers at Different Densities in South West of Iran (Lorestan Province) 1

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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Increasing density decreased relative water content from 83% to 54%.

Taxon: Red Beant0
Treatment: Increase of plant densitye0
Outcome: relative water content (RWC)e0
Direction: decreasee0
Value: 54%e0
Qualifier: 83%e0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Increase of plant density led to decrease of relative water content (RWC) from 83% until 54%.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1225–1318

t0
“Red Bean”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 61–69

Title

Response of Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of Red Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to Chemical and Biological Nitrogen Fertilizers at Different Densities in South West of Iran (Lorestan Province)

Khorramabadi, Mamak; Farnia, Amin; Nakhjavan, Shahram OICC Press Journals 2025. doi:10.57647/jcns.2025.1102.12

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect Grain protein peaked at 25.56% in Azna under combined nitrogen and biofertilizers at 50 plants.m-2.
Intervention effect Grain protein peaked at 25.23% in Dorud under combined nitrogen and biofertilizers at 50 plants.m-2.
Intervention effect Grain carbohydrates reached 186.75 mg.g-1 at low density with nitrogen and Nitroxin.
Intervention effect Chlorophyll a reached 2.67 mg.g-1 under the same treatment.
Intervention effect Chlorophyll b reached 1.25 mg.g-1 under the same treatment.
Intervention effect Total chlorophyll reached 3.92 mg.g-1 under the same treatment.
Intervention effect Combined biofertilizers and nitrogen increased leaf carotenoid at low density by 1.7 mg.g-1.
Intervention effect Catalase activity peaked at 2798 nmol.min-1.g-1 with chemical nitrogen at high density.
Intervention effect Combined fertilizers produced peak peroxidase activity of 305.5 nmol.min-1.g-1.
Intervention effect Combined fertilizers produced peak superoxide dismutase activity of 1.21 micromol.min-1.g-1.
Intervention effect Combined fertilizers produced peak glutathione reductase activity of 945 micromol.min-1.g-1.
Recommendation The authors concluded that biological and chemical nitrogen fertilizers at 30 plant.m-2 yielded better physiological and biochemical status.

“decrease in relative water content”

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Super Absorbent Polymers and Soil Texture Affects on Zea mays L. Physiological Response, under Drought Stress Condition 1

Exogenous Application of Plant Growth Regulators Enhances Short-Term Cold Stress Tolerance in African Marigold Under Field Conditions 1

Potential Advantages of Infrared Spectroscopy in Early Diagnosis of Pine Wilt Disease 1

Response of Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of Red Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to Chemical and Biological Nitrogen Fertilizers at Different Densities in South West of Iran (Lorestan Province) 1