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“magnitude of decrease”

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Taxon: maize ✕

Taxon groups are the verbatim names found in the abstracts (case-insensitive), not normalised: maize, corn and Zea mays are separate groups here. The Organism view merges them through NCBI Taxonomy.

Physiological Characteristics of Maize Inbred Lines Tolerant to Low Potassium from Filling Stage to Maturity 4

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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The tolerant maize line differed from the sensitive line in ear dry weight.

Taxon: MaizeZea mayst0
Material: 90-21-3e1
Treatment: natural potassium deficiency fielde1
Outcome: ear dry weighte0
Direction: decreasee0
Comparator: D937e1

Verbatim

e0
“A small decrease in ear dry weight,the length of no kernels ear increased slightly,the magnitude of yield reduction was small,potassium use efficiency was higher”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1196–1357

t0
“Maize Inbred Lines”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 33–51

e1
“Typical maize inbred lines tolerant to K+ deficiency(90-21-3) and sensitive to K+ deficiency(D937) as materials,through direct seeding in natural potassium deficiency field”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 267–439

Title

Physiological Characteristics of Maize Inbred Lines Tolerant to Low Potassium from Filling Stage to Maturity

Cao Min‐jian Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica 2011

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect The tolerant maize line differed from the sensitive line in root dry weight and average root length.
Intervention effect The tolerant maize line differed from the sensitive line in Root volume,root surface area and the average diameter of root.
Intervention effect The tolerant maize line differed from the sensitive line in leaf area.
Intervention effect The tolerant maize line differed from the sensitive line in chlorophyll content.
Intervention effect The tolerant maize line differed from the sensitive line in Roots,leaves,ear.
Intervention effect The tolerant maize line differed from the sensitive line in stem.
Intervention effect The tolerant maize line differed from the sensitive line in Potassium content of leaves and leaf sheaths.
Intervention effect The tolerant maize line differed from the sensitive line in length of no kernels ear.
Intervention effect The tolerant maize line differed from the sensitive line in yield.
Intervention effect The tolerant maize line differed from the sensitive line in potassium use efficiency.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The tolerant maize line differed from the sensitive line in yield.

Taxon: MaizeZea mayst0
Material: 90-21-3e1
Treatment: natural potassium deficiency fielde1
Outcome: yielde0
Direction: reductione0
Comparator: D937e1

Verbatim

e0
“A small decrease in ear dry weight,the length of no kernels ear increased slightly,the magnitude of yield reduction was small,potassium use efficiency was higher”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1196–1357

t0
“Maize Inbred Lines”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 33–51

e1
“Typical maize inbred lines tolerant to K+ deficiency(90-21-3) and sensitive to K+ deficiency(D937) as materials,through direct seeding in natural potassium deficiency field”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 267–439

Title

Physiological Characteristics of Maize Inbred Lines Tolerant to Low Potassium from Filling Stage to Maturity

Cao Min‐jian Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica 2011

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect The tolerant maize line differed from the sensitive line in root dry weight and average root length.
Intervention effect The tolerant maize line differed from the sensitive line in Root volume,root surface area and the average diameter of root.
Intervention effect The tolerant maize line differed from the sensitive line in leaf area.
Intervention effect The tolerant maize line differed from the sensitive line in chlorophyll content.
Intervention effect The tolerant maize line differed from the sensitive line in Roots,leaves,ear.
Intervention effect The tolerant maize line differed from the sensitive line in stem.
Intervention effect The tolerant maize line differed from the sensitive line in Potassium content of leaves and leaf sheaths.
Intervention effect The tolerant maize line differed from the sensitive line in ear dry weight.
Intervention effect The tolerant maize line differed from the sensitive line in length of no kernels ear.
Intervention effect The tolerant maize line differed from the sensitive line in potassium use efficiency.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The tolerant maize line differed from the sensitive line in potassium use efficiency.

Taxon: MaizeZea mayst0
Material: 90-21-3e1
Treatment: natural potassium deficiency fielde1
Outcome: potassium use efficiencye0
Direction: highere0
Comparator: D937e1

Verbatim

e0
“A small decrease in ear dry weight,the length of no kernels ear increased slightly,the magnitude of yield reduction was small,potassium use efficiency was higher”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1196–1357

t0
“Maize Inbred Lines”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 33–51

e1
“Typical maize inbred lines tolerant to K+ deficiency(90-21-3) and sensitive to K+ deficiency(D937) as materials,through direct seeding in natural potassium deficiency field”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 267–439

Title

Physiological Characteristics of Maize Inbred Lines Tolerant to Low Potassium from Filling Stage to Maturity

Cao Min‐jian Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica 2011

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect The tolerant maize line differed from the sensitive line in root dry weight and average root length.
Intervention effect The tolerant maize line differed from the sensitive line in Root volume,root surface area and the average diameter of root.
Intervention effect The tolerant maize line differed from the sensitive line in leaf area.
Intervention effect The tolerant maize line differed from the sensitive line in chlorophyll content.
Intervention effect The tolerant maize line differed from the sensitive line in Roots,leaves,ear.
Intervention effect The tolerant maize line differed from the sensitive line in stem.
Intervention effect The tolerant maize line differed from the sensitive line in Potassium content of leaves and leaf sheaths.
Intervention effect The tolerant maize line differed from the sensitive line in ear dry weight.
Intervention effect The tolerant maize line differed from the sensitive line in length of no kernels ear.
Intervention effect The tolerant maize line differed from the sensitive line in yield.

Response of fertility level on different inbred line of maize (Zea Mays L.) productivity in Bihar 2

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Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Soil organic carbon, available N and K2O declined less with VQL1.

Taxon: maizeZea mayst0
Material: VQL1e0
Outcome: organic carbon, available N and K2Oe0
Direction: declinee0

Verbatim

e0
“Effect of inbred lines was also noticed, organic carbon, available N and K2O was decline and the magnitude of decrease was less with VQL1”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1748–1885

t0
“maize (Zea Mays L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 56–75

Title

Response of fertility level on different inbred line of maize (Zea Mays L.) productivity in Bihar

M. K. Singh; Shambhu Prasad; YK Singh; et al. International Journal of Chemical Studies 2019

Other claims from this paper (16)

Intervention effect The 160:80:40 fertilizer level produced significant grain yield of 27.38 q ha-1.
Intervention effect The 160:80:40 fertilizer level produced significant stover yield of 93.21 q ha-1.
Observation The 160:80:40 fertilizer level yielded net return of Rs125158 ha-1.
Observation The 160:80:40 fertilizer level yielded a B:C ratio of 3.15.
Association BML-6 had significantly higher yield of 32.10 q ha-1 and was at par with CML161.
Association BML-6 had higher net return of Rs148689 ha-1, at par with CML161.
Association BML-6 had a higher B:C ratio of 3.80.
Intervention effect Nitrogen uptake was significant through the 160:80:40 fertility level and at par with 200:100:50.
Intervention effect Phosphorus uptake was significant through the 160:80:40 fertility level and at par with 200:100:50.
Intervention effect Potassium uptake was significant through the 160:80:40 fertility level and at par with 200:100:50.
Association BML 7 removed significantly more nitrogen, 144.20 kg ha-1, comparable to BML 6 and CML 161.
Association BML 7 removed significantly more phosphorus, 27.43 kg ha-1.
Association BML 7 removed significantly more potassium, 174.84 kg ha-1.
Observation Soil organic carbon, available N and K2O declined after two crop cycles, less so at the highest fertilizer level.
Observation Available soil P2O5 exceeded its initial value and was highest under the 200:100:50 rate.
Association Available soil P2O5 was above its initial value and highest with VQL1.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Soil organic carbon, available N and K2O declined after two crop cycles, less so at the highest fertilizer level.

Taxon: maizeZea mayst0
Treatment: 200:100:50 kg N:P2O5:K2O/hae0
Outcome: organic carbon, available N and K2Oe0
Direction: declinee0

Verbatim

e0
“After two crop cycle the organic carbon, available N and K2O was decline and the magnitude of decrease was less with highest fertility level 200:100:50 kg N:P2O5:K2O/ha applied plots”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1444–1626

t0
“maize (Zea Mays L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 56–75

Title

Response of fertility level on different inbred line of maize (Zea Mays L.) productivity in Bihar

M. K. Singh; Shambhu Prasad; YK Singh; et al. International Journal of Chemical Studies 2019

Other claims from this paper (16)

Intervention effect The 160:80:40 fertilizer level produced significant grain yield of 27.38 q ha-1.
Intervention effect The 160:80:40 fertilizer level produced significant stover yield of 93.21 q ha-1.
Observation The 160:80:40 fertilizer level yielded net return of Rs125158 ha-1.
Observation The 160:80:40 fertilizer level yielded a B:C ratio of 3.15.
Association BML-6 had significantly higher yield of 32.10 q ha-1 and was at par with CML161.
Association BML-6 had higher net return of Rs148689 ha-1, at par with CML161.
Association BML-6 had a higher B:C ratio of 3.80.
Intervention effect Nitrogen uptake was significant through the 160:80:40 fertility level and at par with 200:100:50.
Intervention effect Phosphorus uptake was significant through the 160:80:40 fertility level and at par with 200:100:50.
Intervention effect Potassium uptake was significant through the 160:80:40 fertility level and at par with 200:100:50.
Association BML 7 removed significantly more nitrogen, 144.20 kg ha-1, comparable to BML 6 and CML 161.
Association BML 7 removed significantly more phosphorus, 27.43 kg ha-1.
Association BML 7 removed significantly more potassium, 174.84 kg ha-1.
Observation Available soil P2O5 exceeded its initial value and was highest under the 200:100:50 rate.
Association Soil organic carbon, available N and K2O declined less with VQL1.
Association Available soil P2O5 was above its initial value and highest with VQL1.

Theoretical and experimental investigations on the exploitation of heterosis in hybrid breeding 1

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Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Maize genetic variance did not decline from 1975 to 2004.

Taxon: maizeZea mayse1
Outcome: magnitude of genetic variancee0
Direction: neither a decreasee0

Verbatim

e0
“There was neither a decrease in the magnitude of genetic variance nor a change in the predominance of variance due to GCA over variance due to SCA.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 4290–4437

e1
“the maize program of the University of Hohenheim”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 3978–4026

Title

Theoretical and experimental investigations on the exploitation of heterosis in hybrid breeding

Sandra E. Fischer University writing server of the University of Hohenheim (Universität Hohenheim) 2009

Other claims from this paper (18)

Observation Triticale had low heterosis.
Association Between-group factorials had a higher GCA-to-SCA variance ratio than within-group designs.
Association Genetically distinct populations showed a more favorable GCA-to-SCA ratio than less distinct populations.
Method / resource The enumeration algorithm improved all criteria for identifying heterotic groups.
Observation F1 performance was the leading criterion for developing and enriching heterotic groups.
Observation Heterosis was the next most important criterion for developing and enriching heterotic groups.
Observation US exotic maize germplasm had higher genetic diversity than Central European groups.
Recommendation The authors recommend introgressing non-Stiff Stalk germplasm into the Flint group.
Recommendation The authors recommend introgressing Stiff Stalk germplasm into the Dent group.
Observation East European rye OPVs had higher genetic diversity than Central European groups.
Observation The Carsten rye group had a narrow genetic base.
Recommendation The authors recommend the Carsten group as the primary target for genetic broadening.
Association All five rye OPVs were genetically closer to Petkus than Carsten.
Observation Two rye OPVs were good candidates for introgression into Petkus.
Observation One rye OPV was a good candidate for introgression into Carsten.
Recommendation The authors suggest using selected clones of these rye populations for introgression.
Observation Maize GCA variance remained predominant over SCA variance.
Recommendation The authors recommend continually enriching heterotic groups through germplasm introgression.

Plant Factors Controlling Seed Set in Maize 1

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Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Silk solute potential fell by 0.2 megapascal similarly across genotypes.

Taxon: maizeZea mayst0
Organ / stage: silke0
Outcome: silk solute potentiale0
Direction: decreasee0
Value: 0.2 megapascale0
Qualifier: similar for all genotypese0

Verbatim

e0
“The magnitude of the decrease in silk solute potential was small (0.2 megapascal) and similar for all genotypes.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1238–1350

t0
“Maize”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 38–43

Title

Plant Factors Controlling Seed Set in Maize

John B. Schoper; Robert J. Lambert; Bruce L. Vasilas; et al. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 1987. doi:10.1104/pp.83.1.121

Other claims from this paper (12)

Observation Low water potential decreased silk water potential.
Observation Low water potential decreased seed set.
Observation Low water potential left pollen water potential, appearance and viability unaffected.
Observation High temperature decreased pollen water potential by 2 megapascal.
Observation High temperature damaged shed pollen.
Observation High temperature reduced pollen viability.
Observation High temperature reduced pollen shed in two hybrids.
Observation Prolificacy did not increase silk solute accumulation.
Observation Prolificacy improved seed production at low water potential.
Association The hybrid retaining relatively high silk turgor lost the most seed production under water deficit.
Observation Silk solute regulation capability did not vary among hybrids differing in prolificacy.
Observation The prolific hybrid had the least water-deficit effect on pistillate seed production.

Effects of Reduced Chloroplast Gene Copy Number on Chloroplast Gene Expression in Maize 1

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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Both w2 alleles decreased most chloroplast RNAs, with deficiencies roughly paralleling DNA deficiency.

Taxon: maizeZea mayse1
Treatment: Both allelese0
Gene: white2 (w2)e1
Outcome: most chloroplast RNAse0
Direction: decreasee0
Qualifier: roughly paralleling that of the DNA deficiencye0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Both alleles condition a decrease in most chloroplast RNAs, with the magnitude of the RNA deficiencies roughly paralleling that of the DNA deficiency.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 638–788

e1
“a nuclear gene in maize (Zea mays), white2 (w2)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 307–354

Title

Effects of Reduced Chloroplast Gene Copy Number on Chloroplast Gene Expression in Maize

Dylan B. Udy; Susan Belcher; Rosalind Williams-Carrier; et al. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2012. doi:10.1104/pp.112.204198

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect Weak w2 alleles reduced maize plastid DNA copy number about fivefold.
Intervention effect Strong w2 alleles reduced maize plastid DNA copy number about 100-fold.
Association Some chloroplast RNAs were more sensitive to genome copy number reduction than others.
Intervention effect rpoB mRNA accumulated to dramatically elevated levels after a moderate plastid DNA reduction.
Intervention effect Photosynthetic enzyme subunits were reduced more severely than plastid mRNAs.
Mechanism The authors suggest impaired translation from limiting ribosomal RNA, transfer RNA and ribosomal protein mRNA could explain the enzyme subunit reduction.
Mechanism The authors conclude that chloroplast genome copy number limits expression of a subset of chloroplast genes.
Mechanism w2 is responsible for virtually all chloroplast DNA replication in maize.
Intervention effect Strong w2 alleles reduced mitochondrial DNA copy number approximately twofold.
Mechanism The mitochondrial DNA result suggests that w2 contributes to mitochondrial DNA replication.

Quantitative Proteomic Analyses Identify ABA-Related Proteins and Signal Pathways in Maize Leaves under Drought Conditions 1

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Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Both physiological changes were significantly greater in vp5 than Vp5.

Taxon: maizeZea mayst0
Material: vp5e0
Outcome: magnitude of the increase or decreasee0
Direction: highere0
Comparator: Vp5e0

Verbatim

e0
“the magnitude of the increase or decrease was significantly higher in vp5 than in Vp5”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 603–688

t0
“Quantitative Proteomic Analyses Identify ABA-Related Proteins and Signal Pathways in Maize Leaves under Drought Conditions”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–122

Title

Quantitative Proteomic Analyses Identify ABA-Related Proteins and Signal Pathways in Maize Leaves under Drought Conditions

Yulong Zhao; Yankai Wang; Hao Yang; et al. Frontiers in Plant Science 2016. doi:10.3389/fpls.2016.01827

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect Drought increased malondialdehyde content in both maize genotypes.
Intervention effect Drought decreased photosystem II quantum efficiency in both maize genotypes.
Method / resource Proteomics identified 7051 proteins with overlapping expression patterns among replicates.
Observation Only 150 proteins changed expression at least 1.5-fold under drought stress.
Observation In Vp5, 130 proteins showed at least 1.5-fold expression changes under drought.
Observation In vp5, 27 proteins showed at least 1.5-fold expression changes under drought.
Observation Drought up-regulated 67 proteins in an ABA-dependent way.
Observation Drought down-regulated 60 proteins in an ABA-dependent way.
Mechanism ABA regulated maize drought-response pathways related to photosynthesis, oxidative phosphorylation and glutathione metabolism.
Method / resource The study provides a dataset of ABA-dependent, drought-regulated maize proteins.

Performance of grain maize (Zea mays) and forage cereal intercropping on black soils under rainfed condition 1

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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Maize yield components followed the same decline as grain yield.

Taxon: MaizeZea mayse0
Treatment: intercroppinge0
Outcome: Yield componentse0
Direction: decreaseinferrede0
Qualifier: similar trende0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Maize-grain yield decreased due to intercropping. The reduction in yield was of higher magnitude with 1 :2 proportion with forage maize intercrop. Yield components followed the similar trend”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 202–392

Title

Performance of grain maize (Zea mays) and forage cereal intercropping on black soils under rainfed condition

B. M. CHIITAPUR; S. M. HIREMATH; A. S. PRABHAKAR Indian Journal of Agronomy 2001. doi:10.59797/ija.v38i4.3973

Other claims from this paper (4)

Intervention effect Intercropping decreased maize grain yield.
Intervention effect The grain-yield reduction was greatest with 1:2 forage maize intercropping.
Observation Intercrop forage yields were higher at a 1:2 proportion.
Intervention effect Maize and pearl millet intercropping yielded higher net returns.

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“magnitude of decrease”

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Physiological Characteristics of Maize Inbred Lines Tolerant to Low Potassium from Filling Stage to Maturity 4

Response of fertility level on different inbred line of maize (Zea Mays L.) productivity in Bihar 2

Theoretical and experimental investigations on the exploitation of heterosis in hybrid breeding 1

Plant Factors Controlling Seed Set in Maize 1

Effects of Reduced Chloroplast Gene Copy Number on Chloroplast Gene Expression in Maize 1

Quantitative Proteomic Analyses Identify ABA-Related Proteins and Signal Pathways in Maize Leaves under Drought Conditions 1

Performance of grain maize (Zea mays) and forage cereal intercropping on black soils under rainfed condition 1