Search claims · PlantClaims

Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Actual parasitism was usually below potential parasitism.

Outcome: actual parasitisme0
Direction: lowere0
Comparator: estimated potential parasitisme0

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e0
“In most cases, actual parasitism was lower than estimated potential parasitism”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1129–1207

Title

Effect of Pepper Variety on the Susceptibility of Pepper Weevil Parasitoids

Juan Eduardo Murillo-Hernández; J Refugio Lomeli-Flores; Esteban Rodríguez-Leyva; et al. Journal of Insect Science 2022. doi:10.1093/jisesa/ieac071

Other claims from this paper (12)

Observation Bracon sp. had high potential parasitism on árbol and habanero peppers.
Observation E. cushmani had high potential parasitism on árbol and habanero peppers.
Observation J. hunteri had low potential parasitism on serrano, bell and jalapeño peppers.
Observation Bracon sp. parasitized 33% of weevil larvae in árbol pepper.
Observation J. hunteri parasitized 33% of weevil larvae in árbol pepper.
Observation Bracon sp. achieved 24% parasitism on bell pepper.
Observation Bracon sp. achieved 13% parasitism on jalapeño pepper.
Observation J. hunteri achieved 14% parasitism on bell pepper.
Observation J. hunteri achieved 8% parasitism on jalapeño pepper.
Method / resource Potential parasitism predicted actual parasitism with R2 of 0.84.
Mechanism Weevil larvae were more vulnerable on small-fruited pepper varieties because they developed closer to the pericarp.
Mechanism Larvae feeding in the pericarp of varieties with little placenta and seed were more vulnerable.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Larval parasitism was higher than egg parasitism in most crops.

Taxon: alfalfaMedicago sativae1
Outcome: Larval parasitisme0
Direction: highere0
Comparator: egg parasitisme0

Verbatim

e0
“Larval parasitism was higher in most crops than egg parasitism”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 913–975

e1
“collected from alfalfa, corn, cotton, and sorghum”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 36–85

Title

Parasites ofHeliothisspp. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): Parasitism and Seasonal Occurrence for Host Crops in the Texas Rolling Plains

G. J. Puterka; J. E. Slosser; J. R. Price Environmental Entomology 1985. doi:10.1093/ee/14.4.441

Other claims from this paper (19)

Observation Egg parasite complex comprised 66.0% Trichogramma pretiosum.
Observation Egg parasite complex comprised 29.0% Telenomus heliothidis.
Observation Egg parasite complex comprised 5.0% other parasite species.
Observation Egg parasitism averaged 3.2% in alfalfa.
Observation Egg parasitism averaged 28.3% in corn.
Observation Egg parasitism averaged 14.8% in cotton.
Observation Egg parasitism averaged 24.6% in potatoes.
Observation Egg parasitism averaged 40.0% in sorghum.
Observation Larval parasitism averaged 34.4% in alfalfa.
Observation Larval parasitism averaged 9.0% in corn.
Observation Larval parasitism averaged 29.1% in cotton.
Observation Larval parasitism averaged 60.0% in potatoes.
Observation Larval parasitism averaged 38.6% in sorghum.
Observation Five parasite species were reared from Heliothis eggs.
Observation Twenty parasite species were produced from larval collections.
Observation Campoletis sonorensis dominated the parasite complex in alfalfa and potatoes during April and May.
Observation Tachinid parasites did not appear until June.
Observation Microplitis croceipes, Eucelitoria bryani, and Archytas marmoratus were common from June through October.
Observation Parasitism across crops averaged 19.4% for small, 34.3% for medium, and 25.9% for large larvae.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

On P. angulata, H. subflexa parasitism was much lower than H. virescens parasitism.

Taxon: P. angulataPhysalis angulatae1
Interactor: H. subflexaHeliothis subflexae0herbivore
Outcome: parasitism of H. subflexae0
Direction: much lesse0
Comparator: H. virescense0

Verbatim

e0
“parasitism of H. subflexa is much less than parasitism of H. virescens”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2178–2248

e1
“H. virescens on P. angulata”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2145–2172

Title

Is Attraction Fatal? The Effects of Herbivore-Induced Plant Volatiles on Herbivore Parasitism

Sara J. Oppenheim; Fred Gould Ecology 2002. doi:10.2307/3072090

Other claims from this paper (9)

Mechanismauthor interpretationreview summarybasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Nematode parasitism genes are expressed in esophageal gland cells and their products are secreted through the stylet into host tissue to control parasitism.

Taxon: nematodesNematodae0
Organ / stage: esophageal gland cellse0
Gene: parasitism genese0
Outcome: plant parasitisme0

Verbatim

e0
“adaptations for plant parasitism by nematodes are the products of parasitism genes expressed in their esophageal gland cells and secreted through their stylet into host tissue”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 31–206

Title

Secrets in secretions: genes that control nematode parasitism of plants

Richard S. Hussey; Eric L. Davis; Thomas J. Baum Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology 2002. doi:10.1590/s1677-04202002000300002

Other claims from this paper (1)

Observation The majority of the nematode parasitism genes discovered encode proteins unique to plant parasites.

Method / resourceobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Percentage parasitism records had little value except at high parasitism.

Interactor: scalee0pest
Outcome: Percentage parasitism recordse0
Value: 30%e0

Verbatim

e0
“Percentage parasitism records appeared to have little value except that 30% or higher percentages were associated with smaller scale numbers.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 567–708

Title

Aphytis lepidosaphes (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea), an Introduced Parasite of Purple Scale1

H. A. Dean Annals of the Entomological Society of America 1961. doi:10.1093/aesa/54.6.918

Other claims from this paper (4)

Observationobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Green peach aphid parasitism did not differ significantly from cabbage aphid parasitism.

Taxon: canolaBrassica napus var. napust0
Interactor: green peach aphidMyzus persicaee0pest
Outcome: Parasitism of green peach aphide0
Direction: not significantly differente0
Comparator: cabbage aphide0

Verbatim

e0
“Parasitism of green peach aphid was not significantly different from that of cabbage aphid.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1211–1302

t0
“Canola Fields”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 24–37

Title

Parasitism of Aphids in Canola Fields in Central Oklahoma¹

Norman C. Elliott; Georges F. Backoulou; Kristopher L. Giles; et al. Journal of Agricultural and Urban Entomology 2014. doi:10.3954/1523-5475-30.0.59

Other claims from this paper (8)

Observation Diaeretiella rapae was the dominant parasitoid in canola aphids.
Observation All three aphid species were parasitized by D. rapae.
Observation Aphid parasitism ranged from 0 to 45% across species, fields and dates.
Observation Aphelinus sp. was recovered from cabbage aphids in one field on one date.
Observation Turnip aphid parasitism exceeded cabbage aphid parasitism on 20 May 2013.
Observation Cabbage aphid parasitism first increased and then decreased.
Observation Green peach aphid parasitism first increased and then decreased.
Observation Turnip aphid parasitism continued increasing over time.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

No parasitism was observed.

Outcome: no parasitisme0

Not reportedTaxonDirection

Verbatim

e0
“but no parasitism”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 533–550

Title

Vertebrates and flying insects provide biocontrol services to Australian urban food gardens

Robert McDougall; Paul Kristiansen; Tanya Latty; et al. BioControl 2024. doi:10.1007/s10526-024-10264-3

Other claims from this paper (7)

Observation Removal of Tenebrio molitor larvae averaged 22%.
Observation Removal of Helicoverpa armigera averaged 59%.
Observation Vertebrate predators were mostly common urban birds and mammals.
Observation Gardeners used basic pest control with little chemical use.
Observation Garden crops yielded high amounts of produce.
Association Environmental variables poorly explained pest control services.
Observation The authors infer pests may be controlled or scarce in surveyed gardens.

Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Turnip aphid parasitism exceeded cabbage aphid parasitism on 20 May 2013.

Taxon: canolaBrassica napus var. napust0
Interactor: turnip aphide0pest
Outcome: Parasitism of turnip aphide0
Direction: greater thane0
Value: 17–45%e0
Qualifier: 20 May 2013e0
Comparator: cabbage aphide0

Verbatim

e0
“Parasitism of turnip aphid on 20 May 2013 (17–45%) was greater than parasitism for cabbage aphid (2–12%) on that date.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1092–1210

t0
“Canola Fields”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 24–37

Title

Parasitism of Aphids in Canola Fields in Central Oklahoma¹

Norman C. Elliott; Georges F. Backoulou; Kristopher L. Giles; et al. Journal of Agricultural and Urban Entomology 2014. doi:10.3954/1523-5475-30.0.59

Other claims from this paper (8)

Observation Diaeretiella rapae was the dominant parasitoid in canola aphids.
Observation All three aphid species were parasitized by D. rapae.
Observation Aphid parasitism ranged from 0 to 45% across species, fields and dates.
Observation Aphelinus sp. was recovered from cabbage aphids in one field on one date.
Observation Green peach aphid parasitism did not differ significantly from cabbage aphid parasitism.
Observation Cabbage aphid parasitism first increased and then decreased.
Observation Green peach aphid parasitism first increased and then decreased.
Observation Turnip aphid parasitism continued increasing over time.

Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Parasitism of H. subflexa is much lower than parasitism of H. virescens

Taxon: plantsViridiplantaee1
Interactor: H. subflexaHeliothis subflexae2herbivore
Outcome: parasitism of H. subflexae2
Direction: much lesse2
Comparator: parasitism of H. virescense2

Verbatim

e1
“Herbivore-damaged plants were significantly more attractive to C. nigriceps than were larvae, larval frass, larval saliva, or damaged leaves alone”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1026–1172

e2
“yet parasitism of H. subflexa is much less than parasitism of H. virescens”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2174–2248

Title

IS ATTRACTION FATAL? THE EFFECTS OF HERBIVORE-INDUCED PLANT VOLATILES ON HERBIVORE PARASITISM

Sara J. Oppenheim; Fred Gould Ecology 2002. doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2002)083[3416:iafteo]2.0.co;2

Other claims from this paper (8)

Associationobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Under high parasitism, Cuscuta biomass was significantly negatively related to parasitism damage.

Taxon: soybeanGlycine maxe0
Interactor: C. australisCuscuta australise0parasite
Outcome: deleterious effect of parasitism on soybean hostse0
Direction: negatively relatede0
Qualifier: under high-intensity parasitisme0

Verbatim

e0
“C. australis biomass was significantly and negatively related to the deleterious effect of parasitism on soybean hosts and to the total biomass of soybean hosts under high-intensity parasitism”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1279–1471

Title

Resource availability and parasitism intensity influence the response of soybean to the parasitic plant Cuscuta australis

Yong-Ge Yuan; Fang-Lei Gao; Fei-Hai Yu; et al. Frontiers in Plant Science 2023. doi:10.3389/fpls.2023.1177154

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect Low-intensity Cuscuta parasitism reduced soybean biomass by about 6%.
Intervention effect High-intensity Cuscuta parasitism reduced soybean biomass by about 26%.
Intervention effect At 5–15% WHC, parasitism damage was about 60% greater than at 45–55% WHC.
Intervention effect At 5–15% WHC, parasitism damage was about 115% greater than at 85–95% WHC.
Intervention effect At 0 μM phosphorus, parasitism damage was 67% lower than at 20 μM.
Observation Cuscuta biomass was highest when both water and phosphorus availability were lowest.
Observation Cuscuta caused greatest soybean damage under 5 μM phosphorus, 5–15% WHC and high parasitism.
Association Under high parasitism, Cuscuta biomass was significantly negatively related to total soybean biomass.
Association The negative biomass relationships did not occur under low parasitism.
Association Higher phosphorus availability decreased soybean tolerance to parasitism.
Association Higher water availability increased soybean tolerance to parasitism.
Recommendation The authors conclude that water and phosphorus supply can control Cuscuta in soybean.

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