Search claims · PlantClaims

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Chromosomal variations included 59 presence/absence variations and 25 copy number variations.

Taxon: wheat landracese0
Outcome: presence/absence variationse2
Value: 59 presence/absence variations (PAVs)e2

Verbatim

e2
“which were associated with 59 presence/absence variations (PAVs) and 25 copy number variations (CNVs)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 550–651

e0
“152 Shanxi wheat landraces”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 164–190

Title

Chromosome diversity and its effects in wheat landraces from Shanxi province, China

Jie Hou; Duo-Duo Fu; Hai-Feng Wu; et al. ACTA AGRONOMICA SINICA 2025. doi:10.3724/sp.j.1006.2026.51077

Other claims from this paper (13)

Observation Shanxi wheat landraces carry 15 structural chromosomal variations.
Observation Shanxi wheat landraces show 108 polymorphic chromosome blocks.
Observation Chromosomal translocations were detected in all chromosomes except 5B.
Observation Chromosome 5B of the B subgenome had the highest proportion of variations, 56.7%.
Observation The A subgenome showed the greatest number of polymorphic types, 50.
Observation The A subgenome had the highest polymorphism information content, followed by the B and D subgenomes.
Observation Cluster analysis grouped all accessions into eight categories.
Observation Agronomic trait coefficients of variation ranged from 6.33% to 32.95%.
Observation Higher coefficients of variation and genetic diversity were observed in the northern spring wheat-growing region.
Observation Twenty-two chromosomal variations were associated with agronomic traits.
Association PAV.2A-g1 significantly increased spike length.
Association PAV.2A-g1 and PAV.2B-r8 positively influenced spikelet number per spike.
Association PAV.6A-g6 and PAV.6B-g11 were associated with grain weight.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The identified rice proteins were divided into presence/absence variations, position shift variations and quantitative variations.

Taxon: riceOryza sativae0
Outcome: identified proteinse4
Qualifier: P/As (presence/absence variations), PSs (position shift variations) and qVs (quantitative variations)e4

Verbatim

e0
“protein markers associated with tillering in rice”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 22–71

e4
“The identified proteins were further divided into P/As (presence/absence variations), PSs (position shift variations) and qVs (quantitative variations)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 565–716

Title

Visualized protein polymorphisms in leaf sheaths and roots of rice assessed by 2-DE analysis

Fangyu Chen; Liangrong Jiang; Rongyu Huang; et al. Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology 2019. doi:10.1590/1984-70332019v19n1a15

Other claims from this paper (5)

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Epigenetic variations exceeded genetic variations in all comparison groups.

Taxon: Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
Outcome: number of epigenetic variationse0
Direction: highere0
Qualifier: all comparison groupse0
Comparator: genetic variationse0

Verbatim

e0
“We observed an overall higher number of epigenetic variations than genetic variations in all comparison groups, indicating that epigenetic variations are more prevalent than genetic variations.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2084–2277

t0
“Arabidopsis thaliana”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 114–134

Title

Multigenerational Exposure to Heat Stress Induces Phenotypic Resilience, and Genetic and Epigenetic Variations in Arabidopsis thaliana Offspring

Narendra Singh Yadav; Viktor Titov; Ivie Ayemere; et al. Frontiers in Plant Science 2022. doi:10.3389/fpls.2022.728167

Other claims from this paper (13)

Intervention effect F25H showed higher heat tolerance than F25C.
Intervention effect F25H showed elevated homologous recombination relative to F25C.
Intervention effect F25H had threefold more SNP and INDEL mutations than control lineages.
Observation F25H had sevenfold more nonsynonymous mutations than F25C.
Observation F25H had lower global CHH methylation than controls.
Observation F25H differed from F2C at 66,491 methylated positions.
Observation F25C differed from F2C at 80,464 methylated positions.
Observation F25H had more frequent methylation changes in gene bodies.
Observation F25H had less frequent methylation changes in transposable element bodies.
Observation CG-DMRs were enriched in stimulus responses, cell organization and biogenesis, and nucleic acid metabolism.
Observation Epimutation clustering separated stressed and control progenies, indicating nonrandom epimutations.
Observation The largest epigenetic versus genetic difference occurred between F25C and F2C controls.
Mechanism Authors interpreted epigenetic variation as spontaneous and genetic variation as heat inducible.

Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The frequency of favorable variations was higher than that of deleterious variations.

Taxon: Foxtail MilletSetaria italicat0
Outcome: frequency of favorable variationse1
Direction: highere1
Comparator: deleterious variationse1

Verbatim

t0
“Foxtail Millet”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 55–69

e1
“The frequency of favorable variations was higher than that of the deleterious variations”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 377–465

Title

Effects of Space Radiation on Agronomic Performance in Foxtail Millet

Huang Su-fang Zhiwu yichuan ziyuan xuebao 2008

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect Germination rate of space-treated seeds was inhibited in some foxtail millet genotypes.
Observation Once established, the plants from space-treated seeds grew vigorously.
Intervention effect Space radiation increased the ranges of variation and the coefficients of variation in all investigated traits.
Intervention effect Plant height was reduced in space-treated plants compared with untreated controls.
Intervention effect Ear length and yield per plant were increased in space-treated plants compared with untreated controls.
Intervention effect Days to maturity tended to be delayed in the space-treated populations.
Observation Some early maturity plants were detected in the space-treated populations.
Intervention effect 1000-grain weight of the treated populations was comparable to that of the controls.
Observation Super-grain mutations (more than 3.4 g per 1000 grains) were observed in certain plants.
Observation A number of progenies with super grains and superior agronomic performances were selected.
Intervention effect The authors conclude that space radiation can induce a wide range of genetic variations in foxtail millet.
Association The authors conclude that responses to space radiation depend on the genotype of foxtail millet.

Observationauthor interpretationreview summarybasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Gene copy number variations and gene presence/absence variations prevail in crops.

Taxon: cropse1
Outcome: gene copy number variations (CNVs) and gene presence/absence variations (PAVs)e1

Verbatim

e1
“However, large structural genome changes, including gene copy number variations (CNVs) and gene presence/absence variations (PAVs), prevail in crops”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 310–458

Title

Crop pangenomes

A. Yu. Pronozin; M. K. Bragina; E. A. Salina Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding 2021. doi:10.18699/vj21.007

Other claims from this paper (1)

Observation A high degree of genomic variation indicates that single reference genomes do not represent the diversity within a species, which motivates the pangenome concept.

Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Approximately 55% of 3D genome variations lack association with obvious genetic variations.

Taxon: soybeanGlycine maxt0
Gene: genetic variationse0
Outcome: 3D genome variationse0
Value: approximately 55%e0

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

e0
“approximately 55% of 3D genome variations are not associated with obvious genetic variations”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1186–1278

t0
“soybean genomes”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 76–91

Title

Pan-3D genome analysis reveals structural and functional differentiation of soybean genomes

Lingbin Ni; Yucheng Liu; Xin Ma; et al. Genome biology 2023. doi:10.1186/s13059-023-02854-8

Other claims from this paper (11)

Association Intersection regions between A/B compartments largely contribute to compartment divergence.
Observation TAD boundaries in A compartments have significantly higher density than those in B compartments.
Observation Core TAD boundaries have the highest transcription start site density.
Observation Core TAD boundaries have the lowest GC content.
Observation Core TAD boundaries have the lowest repeat percentage.
Mechanism Non-LTR retrotransposons play a role in maintaining TAD boundaries.
Association Gypsy elements are associated with private TAD boundaries.
Association Satellite repeats are associated with private TAD boundaries.
Mechanism Presence and absence variation is the major contributor to 3D genome variation.
Association Half of those 3D genome variations affect flanking gene expression.
Observation The 3D genome may undergo selection during soybean domestication.

Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Leaf area variations corresponded to yield variations.

Taxon: CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
Organ / stage: leafe0
Outcome: variations in yielde0

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

e0
“Variations in leaf area corresponded to variations in yield”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 719–778

t0
“Corn”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 107–111

Title

Effect of Controlled Air and Soil Temperature and Starter Fertilizer on Growth and Nutrient Composition of Corn (Zea mays L.)

J. W. Ketcheson Soil Science Society of America Journal 1968. doi:10.2136/sssaj1968.03615995003200040032x

Other claims from this paper (5)

Intervention effect The 22‐12C air and 21C soil combination yielded more grain corn than other combinations.
Intervention effect Lower air temperature lengthened time to maturity.
Intervention effect Higher soil temperature shortened time to maturity.
Intervention effect Starter fertilizer effects on yield were greatest under high air and low soil temperature.
Association Yield correlated negatively with tissue NPK concentration at maturity.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Structural variations, including copy number and presence/ absence variations, were identified in the pigeonpea parental lines.

Taxon: pigeonpeaCajanus cajane2
Outcome: Structural variationse1
Qualifier: copy number and presence/ absence variationse1

Verbatim

e1
“Structural variations such as copy number and presence/ absence variations have been also identified”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1111–1211

e2
“Recently released pigeonpea hybrids”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–35

Title

Towards defining heterotic pools for accelerating hybrid breeding in pigeonpea

Rachit K. Saxena; S Singh; Abhishek Rathore; et al. Open Access Repository of ICRISAT (International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics) 2017

Other claims from this paper (1)

Method / resource About 3.4 million SNPs were identified across the pigeonpea parental lines.

Associationauthor interpretationoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Heterotrophic respiration variations appear to be relatively independent from NPP variations in Moso bamboo forests.

Taxon: Moso bambooPhyllostachys edulise0
Outcome: R_h variationse6
Direction: relatively independente6
Comparator: NPP variationse6

Verbatim

e0
“Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) forests”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 214–259

e6
“R_h variations appear to be relatively independent from NPP variations in Moso bamboo forests”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1046–1139

Title

Inconsistent interannual variations between net primary production and soil CO_2 effluxes in a Moso bamboo forest

Kume, Tomonori; Lin, Po-Hsuan; Orrego, Marly; et al. Kyushu University Institutional Repository (QIR) (Kyushu University) 2024

Other claims from this paper (5)

Method / resourceobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Model predictions of diurnal isoprene flux variations were within ±35% of observed variations.

Outcome: diurnal variations in isoprene fluxese7
Value: +/- 35%e7
Comparator: observed flux variationse7

Verbatim

e7
“Model predictions of diurnal variations in isoprene fluxes were generally within +/- 35% of observed flux variations”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 960–1076

Title

Leaf, branch, stand and landscape scale measurements of volatile organic compound fluxes from U.S. woodlands

A. Guenther; J. Greenberg; P. Harley; et al. Tree Physiology 1996. doi:10.1093/treephys/16.1-2.17

Other claims from this paper (18)

Observation Branch enclosures of woodland plants revealed 78 VOCs.
Observation Hexenol derivatives were the most commonly observed oxygenated compounds in woodland branch emissions.
Observation Albizia showed high isoprene emission rates.
Observation Chusqua showed high isoprene emission rates.
Observation Mahonia showed high isoprene emission rates.
Observation Atriplex showed high monoterpene emission rates.
Observation Chrysthamnus showed high monoterpene emission rates.
Observation Sorbus showed high monoterpene emission rates.
Observation Measurements on 34 additional species confirmed previous VOC emission results.
Observation Leaf enclosure isoprene emission rates from Quercus were substantially higher than the rates used in existing emission models.
Method / resource A 60 min time resolution is reasonable for biogenic emission models.
Observation Average daytime stand-scale flux over a shrub oak stand was 1.3 mg C m(-2) h(-1).
Observation Average daytime stand-scale flux over a mixed forest stand was 1.5-2.5 mg C m(-2) h(-1).
Observation Morning, evening and nighttime fluxes from woodlands were less than 0.1 mg C m(-2) h(-1).
Observation Average daytime landscape-scale flux over a shrub oak-aspen and rangeland landscape was about 3 mg C m(-2) h(-1).
Observation Average daytime landscape-scale flux over a deciduous forest landscape was about 7 mg C m(-2) h(-1).
Method / resource BEIS2 and BEIS2.1 predicted fluxes within 10 to 50% of observed fluxes.
Method / resource Fluxes predicted by BEIS2 versions were about 300% higher than those of the previous BEIS model.

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