By organism › Animals › Stigmaeidae

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Zetzellia mali densities were highest with dimethoate and nearly absent in IPM plots.

Taxon: Zetzellia maliZetzellia malie0
Treatment: dimethoatee0
Outcome: Densities of apple rust mite, Aculus schlechtendali (Nalepa), and of the stigmaeid predator Zetzellia malie0
Direction: higheste0
Comparator: IPM plotse0

Verbatim

e0
“Densities of apple rust mite, Aculus schlechtendali (Nalepa), and of the stigmaeid predator Zetzellia mali (Ewing) were highest in plots treated with dimethoate and were nearly absent in the IPM plots”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1961–2161

Title

Performance of a Pyrethroid-Resistant Strain of the Predator Mite Typhlodromus pyri (Acari: Phytoseiidae) Under Different Insecticide Regimes

John Michael Hardman; Debra L. Moreau; Marty Snyder; et al. Journal of Economic Entomology 2000. doi:10.1603/0022-0493-93.3.590

Other claims from this paper (9)

Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Z. mali fed on P. ulmi eggs.

Taxon: Z. maliZetzellia malie0
Interactor: P. ulmiPanonychus ulmie0pest
Outcome: feed on egg stagese0

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

e0
“Z. mali feed on egg stages of P. ulmi .”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 200–239

Title

Evaluation ofZetzellia mali1as a Predator ofPanonychus ulmi2andAculus schlechtendali3

Miguel A. Santos Environmental Entomology 1976. doi:10.1093/ee/5.1.187

Other claims from this paper (12)

Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The predator occasionally attacked resting and nymphal prey stages.

Taxon: Z. maliZetzellia malie1
Interactor: P. ulmiPanonychus ulmie1pest
Outcome: attacked resting and nymphal stagese0
Qualifier: Occasionallye0

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

e0
“Occasionally the predator attacked resting and nymphal stages.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 240–302

e1
“Z. mali feed on egg stages of P. ulmi .”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 200–239

Title

Evaluation ofZetzellia mali1as a Predator ofPanonychus ulmi2andAculus schlechtendali3

Miguel A. Santos Environmental Entomology 1976. doi:10.1093/ee/5.1.187

Other claims from this paper (12)

Observation Z. mali fed on P. ulmi eggs.
Observation P. ulmi adults were not attacked.
Observation Female predators consumed at most one P. ulmi egg per day.
Observation The predator fed on active A. schlechtendali stages.
Observation Female predators consumed at most 15 A. schlechtendali adults per day.
Observation The predator occurred only on leaf undersides, particularly along the midrib.
Observation Prey on leaf tops were immune to predator attack.
Observation Z. mali occurred primarily on short side branches or spur growth.
Observation A. schlechtendali occurred primarily at branch tips bearing terminal leaves.
Mechanism Spatial heterogeneity left portions of the prey population immune to attack and prevented effective predator control.
Mechanism Z. mali alone was inferred unable to keep prey populations below economic damage levels.
Recommendation The authors recommend assessing Z. mali's practical worth jointly with actual spray practice and other predators.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Female predators consumed at most one P. ulmi egg per day.

Taxon: Z. maliZetzellia malie1
Interactor: P. ulmiPanonychus ulmie0pest
Outcome: consumede0
Direction: maximume0
Value: 1 P. ulmi egg/daye0
Qualifier: Female predatorse0

Verbatim

e0
“Female predators consumed a maximum of 1 P. ulmi egg/day.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 329–386

e1
“Z. mali feed on egg stages of P. ulmi .”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 200–239

Title

Evaluation ofZetzellia mali1as a Predator ofPanonychus ulmi2andAculus schlechtendali3

Miguel A. Santos Environmental Entomology 1976. doi:10.1093/ee/5.1.187

Other claims from this paper (12)

Observation Z. mali fed on P. ulmi eggs.
Observation The predator occasionally attacked resting and nymphal prey stages.
Observation P. ulmi adults were not attacked.
Observation The predator fed on active A. schlechtendali stages.
Observation Female predators consumed at most 15 A. schlechtendali adults per day.
Observation The predator occurred only on leaf undersides, particularly along the midrib.
Observation Prey on leaf tops were immune to predator attack.
Observation Z. mali occurred primarily on short side branches or spur growth.
Observation A. schlechtendali occurred primarily at branch tips bearing terminal leaves.
Mechanism Spatial heterogeneity left portions of the prey population immune to attack and prevented effective predator control.
Mechanism Z. mali alone was inferred unable to keep prey populations below economic damage levels.
Recommendation The authors recommend assessing Z. mali's practical worth jointly with actual spray practice and other predators.

Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The predator fed on active A. schlechtendali stages.

Taxon: Z. maliZetzellia malie1
Interactor: A. schlechtendaliAculus schlechtendalie0pest
Outcome: fed on active stagese0

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

e0
“The predator fed on active stages of A. schlechtendali .”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 387–443

e1
“Z. mali feed on egg stages of P. ulmi .”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 200–239

Title

Evaluation ofZetzellia mali1as a Predator ofPanonychus ulmi2andAculus schlechtendali3

Miguel A. Santos Environmental Entomology 1976. doi:10.1093/ee/5.1.187

Other claims from this paper (12)

Observation Z. mali fed on P. ulmi eggs.
Observation The predator occasionally attacked resting and nymphal prey stages.
Observation P. ulmi adults were not attacked.
Observation Female predators consumed at most one P. ulmi egg per day.
Observation Female predators consumed at most 15 A. schlechtendali adults per day.
Observation The predator occurred only on leaf undersides, particularly along the midrib.
Observation Prey on leaf tops were immune to predator attack.
Observation Z. mali occurred primarily on short side branches or spur growth.
Observation A. schlechtendali occurred primarily at branch tips bearing terminal leaves.
Mechanism Spatial heterogeneity left portions of the prey population immune to attack and prevented effective predator control.
Mechanism Z. mali alone was inferred unable to keep prey populations below economic damage levels.
Recommendation The authors recommend assessing Z. mali's practical worth jointly with actual spray practice and other predators.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Female predators consumed at most 15 A. schlechtendali adults per day.

Taxon: Z. maliZetzellia malie1
Interactor: A. schlechtendaliAculus schlechtendalie0pest
Outcome: consumede0
Direction: maximume0
Value: 15 A. schlechtendali adults/daye0

Verbatim

e0
“Female predators consumed a maximum of 15 A. schlechtendali adults/day.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 444–515

e1
“Z. mali feed on egg stages of P. ulmi .”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 200–239

Title

Evaluation ofZetzellia mali1as a Predator ofPanonychus ulmi2andAculus schlechtendali3

Miguel A. Santos Environmental Entomology 1976. doi:10.1093/ee/5.1.187

Other claims from this paper (12)

Observation Z. mali fed on P. ulmi eggs.
Observation The predator occasionally attacked resting and nymphal prey stages.
Observation P. ulmi adults were not attacked.
Observation Female predators consumed at most one P. ulmi egg per day.
Observation The predator fed on active A. schlechtendali stages.
Observation The predator occurred only on leaf undersides, particularly along the midrib.
Observation Prey on leaf tops were immune to predator attack.
Observation Z. mali occurred primarily on short side branches or spur growth.
Observation A. schlechtendali occurred primarily at branch tips bearing terminal leaves.
Mechanism Spatial heterogeneity left portions of the prey population immune to attack and prevented effective predator control.
Mechanism Z. mali alone was inferred unable to keep prey populations below economic damage levels.
Recommendation The authors recommend assessing Z. mali's practical worth jointly with actual spray practice and other predators.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The predator occurred only on leaf undersides, particularly along the midrib.

Taxon: Z. maliZetzellia malie1
Outcome: occurred only on the underside of the leafe0
Qualifier: particularly along the midribe0

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

e0
“The predator occurred only on the underside of the leaf, particularly along the midrib.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 516–603

e1
“Z. mali feed on egg stages of P. ulmi .”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 200–239

Title

Evaluation ofZetzellia mali1as a Predator ofPanonychus ulmi2andAculus schlechtendali3

Miguel A. Santos Environmental Entomology 1976. doi:10.1093/ee/5.1.187

Other claims from this paper (12)

Observation Z. mali fed on P. ulmi eggs.
Observation The predator occasionally attacked resting and nymphal prey stages.
Observation P. ulmi adults were not attacked.
Observation Female predators consumed at most one P. ulmi egg per day.
Observation The predator fed on active A. schlechtendali stages.
Observation Female predators consumed at most 15 A. schlechtendali adults per day.
Observation Prey on leaf tops were immune to predator attack.
Observation Z. mali occurred primarily on short side branches or spur growth.
Observation A. schlechtendali occurred primarily at branch tips bearing terminal leaves.
Mechanism Spatial heterogeneity left portions of the prey population immune to attack and prevented effective predator control.
Mechanism Z. mali alone was inferred unable to keep prey populations below economic damage levels.
Recommendation The authors recommend assessing Z. mali's practical worth jointly with actual spray practice and other predators.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Z. mali occurred primarily on short side branches or spur growth.

Taxon: Z. maliZetzellia malie0
Outcome: occurred primarily on short side branches or spur growthe0

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

e0
“Also, Z. mali occurred primarily on short side branches or spur growth whereas A. schlechtendali occurred primarily at the tip of the branches containing terminal leaves.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 666–836

Title

Evaluation ofZetzellia mali1as a Predator ofPanonychus ulmi2andAculus schlechtendali3

Miguel A. Santos Environmental Entomology 1976. doi:10.1093/ee/5.1.187

Other claims from this paper (12)

Observation Z. mali fed on P. ulmi eggs.
Observation The predator occasionally attacked resting and nymphal prey stages.
Observation P. ulmi adults were not attacked.
Observation Female predators consumed at most one P. ulmi egg per day.
Observation The predator fed on active A. schlechtendali stages.
Observation Female predators consumed at most 15 A. schlechtendali adults per day.
Observation The predator occurred only on leaf undersides, particularly along the midrib.
Observation Prey on leaf tops were immune to predator attack.
Observation A. schlechtendali occurred primarily at branch tips bearing terminal leaves.
Mechanism Spatial heterogeneity left portions of the prey population immune to attack and prevented effective predator control.
Mechanism Z. mali alone was inferred unable to keep prey populations below economic damage levels.
Recommendation The authors recommend assessing Z. mali's practical worth jointly with actual spray practice and other predators.

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Z. mali alone was inferred unable to keep prey populations below economic damage levels.

Taxon: Z. maliZetzellia malie0
Interactor: P. ulmiPanonychus ulmie0pest
Outcome: cannot maintain the population of its prey below economic damage levelse0
Qualifier: adult ♀ P. ulmi are not attackede0

Verbatim

e0
“This coupled with the fact that adult ♀ P. ulmi are not attacked suggests that Z. mali alone cannot maintain the population of its prey below economic damage levels.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1081–1246

Title

Evaluation ofZetzellia mali1as a Predator ofPanonychus ulmi2andAculus schlechtendali3

Miguel A. Santos Environmental Entomology 1976. doi:10.1093/ee/5.1.187

Other claims from this paper (12)

Observation Z. mali fed on P. ulmi eggs.
Observation The predator occasionally attacked resting and nymphal prey stages.
Observation P. ulmi adults were not attacked.
Observation Female predators consumed at most one P. ulmi egg per day.
Observation The predator fed on active A. schlechtendali stages.
Observation Female predators consumed at most 15 A. schlechtendali adults per day.
Observation The predator occurred only on leaf undersides, particularly along the midrib.
Observation Prey on leaf tops were immune to predator attack.
Observation Z. mali occurred primarily on short side branches or spur growth.
Observation A. schlechtendali occurred primarily at branch tips bearing terminal leaves.
Mechanism Spatial heterogeneity left portions of the prey population immune to attack and prevented effective predator control.
Recommendation The authors recommend assessing Z. mali's practical worth jointly with actual spray practice and other predators.

Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors recommend assessing Z. mali's practical worth jointly with actual spray practice and other predators.

Taxon: Z. maliZetzellia malie0
Outcome: determined only in conjunction with actual spray practice and in association with other predatorse0

Verbatim

e0
“The practical worth of Z. mali , however should be determined only in conjunction with actual spray practice and in association with other predators.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1247–1396

Title

Evaluation ofZetzellia mali1as a Predator ofPanonychus ulmi2andAculus schlechtendali3

Miguel A. Santos Environmental Entomology 1976. doi:10.1093/ee/5.1.187

Other claims from this paper (12)

Observation Z. mali fed on P. ulmi eggs.
Observation The predator occasionally attacked resting and nymphal prey stages.
Observation P. ulmi adults were not attacked.
Observation Female predators consumed at most one P. ulmi egg per day.
Observation The predator fed on active A. schlechtendali stages.
Observation Female predators consumed at most 15 A. schlechtendali adults per day.
Observation The predator occurred only on leaf undersides, particularly along the midrib.
Observation Prey on leaf tops were immune to predator attack.
Observation Z. mali occurred primarily on short side branches or spur growth.
Observation A. schlechtendali occurred primarily at branch tips bearing terminal leaves.
Mechanism Spatial heterogeneity left portions of the prey population immune to attack and prevented effective predator control.
Mechanism Z. mali alone was inferred unable to keep prey populations below economic damage levels.

Stigmaeidae 10 claims

10 claims