Claim · model-written summary
Paraquat plus malic acid at 0.3, 0.5, or 1% prevented visible maize leaf injury, whereas paraquat alone injured 69–82% of plants.
- Treatment
- PA + malic acid at 0.3, 0.5, or 1%e0
- Outcome
- Leaf injuries did not appeare0
- Qualifier
- 69–82%e1
- Comparator
- 100 μM PA alonee1
Zea maysNot reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleSecond interactorSecond interactor roleSettingDirectionValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaf injuries did not appear in maize treated with PA + malic acid at 0.3, 0.5, or 1%”
e1“leaf injuries were observed in 69–82% of maize plants treated with 100 μM PA alone.”
Title
Effects of organic acids on paraquat activity in maize
S.J. Jang; S.S. Kim; H.Y. Bak; et al. South African Journal of Botany 2019. doi:10.1016/j.sajb.2019.03.034
Other claims from this paper (13)
- Observation Citric acid levels were higher in fourth than first leaves in both maize cultivars under control and paraquat treatment.
- Observation Malic acid levels were higher in fourth than first leaves in both maize cultivars under control and paraquat treatment.
- Observation Tartaric acid was higher in first than fourth maize leaves in both cultivars under control and paraquat treatment.
- Intervention effect Paraquat plus oxalic acid at 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, or 1% prevented visible maize leaf injury.
- Intervention effect Paraquat plus citric acid at 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, or 1% prevented visible maize leaf injury.
- Intervention effect Paraquat plus tartaric acid at 1% prevented visible maize leaf injury.
- Intervention effect Paraquat plus organic acids did not reduce relative water content in maize leaves compared with paraquat alone.
- Intervention effect Most paraquat plus organic acid treatments significantly reduced superoxide content in maize compared with paraquat alone.
- Intervention effect Most paraquat plus organic acid treatments significantly reduced H2O2 content in maize compared with paraquat alone.
- Intervention effect Paraquat plus organic acids other than succinic acid significantly reduced MDA production in maize compared with paraquat alone.
- Intervention effect Paraquat alone generally did not affect maize chlorophyll content.
- Intervention effect Paraquat plus organic acid generally did not affect maize chlorophyll content.
- Mechanism The authors infer that squash organic acids such as malic and citric acid could nullify paraquat activity.