Claim · model-written summary
The authors attribute restricted root and leaf development to oxidative damage and weakened photosynthesis.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- different combined treatments of Zn, Fe and Cue0
- Outcome
- root and leaf developmente0
- Qualifier
- enhancing oxidative damage and weakening photosynthetic efficiencye0
Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleSecond interactorSecond interactor roleComparatorSettingDirectionValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“different combined treatments of Zn, Fe and Cu severely restricted root and leaf development through enhancing oxidative damage and weakening photosynthetic efficiency in wheat leaves”
Title
Zhe Zhang; Rongrong Ma; Yihui Tao; et al. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 2025. doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118661
Other claims from this paper (8)
- Intervention effect Combined metal treatments reduced wheat shoot and root length, leaf area and root number.
- Intervention effect Combined metal treatments increased oxidative damage markers and relative conductivity in leaves.
- Intervention effect Combined metals reduced net photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll, fluorescence, stomatal conductance and stomatal dimensions.
- Intervention effect Combined metals increased proline and other osmotic regulators in wheat roots.
- Intervention effect Combined metals upregulated P5CS, glutamate kinase, P5CR and OAT activities.
- Intervention effect Combined metals upregulated TaP5CS, TaP5CR and TaOAT expression.
- Intervention effect Combined metals downregulated ProDH activity and TaProDH expression.
- Mechanism The authors attribute root proline accumulation to glutamate and ornithine synthesis and reduced degradation.