Claim · model-written summary
Two glyphosate applications gave weed control averaging at least 94% in 1998 and 97% in 1999 across all sites.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayst0 - Treatment
- two glyphosate applicationse3
- Outcome
- Weed controle3
- Value
- at least 94 and 97%e3
- Qualifier
- across all sites in 1998 and 1999, respectivelye3
Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleSecond interactorSecond interactor roleComparatorSettingDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Glyphosate-Resistant Corn”
e3“Weed control averaged at least 94 and 97% across all sites in 1998 and 1999, respectively, with two glyphosate applications”
Title
STEVEN A. GOWER; MARK M. LOUX; JOHN CARDINA; et al. Weed Technology 2003. doi:10.1614/p02-200
Other claims from this paper (16)
- Association Weed control and corn grain yields were more variable when glyphosate was applied only once.
- Intervention effect A single glyphosate application delayed until weeds were 15 cm or taller gave the most effective and consistent season-long annual grass and broadleaf weed control in corn.
- Intervention effect Two glyphosate applications gave more consistent weed control than a single application when weeds were 10 cm tall or less in corn.
- Intervention effect Two glyphosate applications gave higher corn grain yields than a single application when weeds were 5 cm tall or less.
- Observation Weed control with two glyphosate applications was occasionally below 70%, because of late emergence of annual grass and Amaranthus spp. or reduced control of Ipomoea spp.
- Association With a single glyphosate application, corn grain yield was most often reduced when the application was delayed until weeds were 23 cm or taller.
- Intervention effect A single glyphosate application at the 5-cm timing gave corn grain yield at 93% of the weed-free control.
- Intervention effect A single glyphosate application at the 10-cm timing gave corn grain yield at 94% of the weed-free control.
- Intervention effect A single glyphosate application at the 15-cm timing gave corn grain yield at 93% of the weed-free control.
- Intervention effect A single glyphosate application at the 23-cm timing gave corn grain yield at 91% of the weed-free control.
- Intervention effect A single glyphosate application at the 30-cm timing gave corn grain yield at 79% of the weed-free control.
- Intervention effect With weed reinfestation prevented, corn grain yield at the 5-cm timing was 101% of the weed-free control.
- Intervention effect With weed reinfestation prevented, corn grain yield at the 10-cm timing was 97% of the weed-free control.
- Intervention effect With weed reinfestation prevented, corn grain yield at the 15-cm timing was 93% of the weed-free control.
- Association Herbicide treatment had a significant effect on corn grain yield in 23 of the 35 sites when weed reinfestation was prevented with a second glyphosate application.
- Recommendation The optimum timing for initial glyphosate application to avoid corn grain yield loss was when weeds were less than 10 cm tall, no more than 23 d after corn planting, and before corn passed the V4 stage.