Claim · model-written summary
The second integument outer layer forms a columnar outer seed coat.
- Taxon
- Dionaea Muscipula
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Dionaea muscipulat0 - Outcome
- outer seed coat of closely packed, radially elongated, heavy-walled, columnar cellse0
Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleSecond interactorSecond interactor roleTreatmentComparatorSettingDirectionValueQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
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Verbatim
e0“The outermost layer of cells of the second integument forms an outer seed coat of closely packed, radially elongated, heavy-walled, columnar cells”
t0“Dionaea Muscipula”
Title
Development of Dionaea Muscipula. I. Flower and Seed
Cornelia Marschall Smith Botanical Gazette 1929. doi:10.1086/333957
Other claims from this paper (18)
- Observation The terminal bud forms a scape bearing two to fourteen flowers.
- Observation Young flower vascular bundles support stamen development in alternipetalous and epipetalous whorls.
- Observation When more than ten stamens develop, division of an epipetalous stamen vascular bundle supplies additional stamens.
- Observation Each stamen develops four microsporangia in the usual manner.
- Observation Forty-eight to sixty microsporocytes develop in each sporangium and have discernible prochromosomes in early prophase.
- Observation Each of four nuclei after the second meiotic division has fifteen haploid chromosomes.
- Observation Mature pollen grains remain in tetrads and each has six to eight large germinating pores.
- Observation The ovary has five carpels and produces numerous anatropous ovules on a basal placenta.
- Observation The inner integument forms a lid pushed off at germination.
- Observation The single vascular strand to the chalazal end of each ovule does not twist.
- Observation The nucellar outer cell layer expands radially around a central strand of elongated cells.
- Observation Division of one hypodermal archesporial cell forms two or three parietal layers above the embryo sac.
- Observation Usually one megaspore mother cell forms two then four potential megaspores, with daughter divisions not necessarily simultaneous.
- Observation Usually three micropylar megaspores degenerate and the chalazal one functions, with one reversed instance.
- Observation Three divisions of the functional megaspore produce an embryo sac with egg apparatus, polar nuclei, and antipodals.
- Observation The primary endosperm nucleus usually divides several times before the fertilized egg forms the embryo and suspensor.
- Observation Growing endosperm displaces all nucellar tissue by the end of free nuclear division.
- Observation The mature seed has a basal embryo with two cotyledons and a short radicle surrounded by cellular endosperm.