Claim · model-written summary
Dense-stand Xanthium canadense plants approached the buckling limiting value of 1.
- Taxon
- Xanthium canadense
Xanthium strumarium var. canadensee1 - Outcome
- buckling safety factore2
- Qualifier
- D-plants were found to be approaching the limiting value 1e3
Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleSecond interactorSecond interactor roleTreatmentComparatorSettingDirectionValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Xanthium canadense plants were grown either solitarily (S-plants) or in a dense stand (D-plants) until flowering”
e2“The buckling safety factor, a ratio of critical buckling height to actual height, was higher in S- than in D-plants”
e3“D-plants were found to be approaching the limiting value 1”
Title
Stem extension and mechanical stability of Xanthium canadense grown in an open or in a dense stand
Ryoji Watari; Hisae Nagashima; Tadaki Hirose Annals of Botany 2014. doi:10.1093/aob/mcu088
Other claims from this paper (13)
- Intervention effect Internodes were longer in dense-stand Xanthium canadense plants than in solitary plants.
- Intervention effect Basal diameter did not differ significantly between dense-stand and solitary Xanthium canadense plants.
- Association Relative growth rates of internode length and diameter were negatively correlated with the volumetric solid fraction of the internode.
- Intervention effect Internode dry mass density was higher in solitary than in dense-stand Xanthium canadense plants.
- Intervention effect Young's modulus of elasticity and breaking stress were higher in dense-stand than in solitary Xanthium canadense plants.
- Observation Young's modulus of elasticity and breaking stress were higher in lower metamers of Xanthium canadense.
- Association Within a stand, Young's modulus and breaking stress were positively related to internode dry mass density in Xanthium canadense.
- Intervention effect The buckling safety factor was higher in solitary than in dense-stand Xanthium canadense plants.
- Intervention effect Lateral wind force resistance was higher in solitary than in dense-stand Xanthium canadense plants.
- Observation Lateral wind force resistance increased with growth in solitary Xanthium canadense plants.
- Mechanism Critical buckling height increased with height growth, mainly through stem stiffness and diameter and a lower crown/stem mass ratio.
- Mechanism Lateral wind force resistance was enhanced by increased tissue strength and diameter in Xanthium canadense.
- Mechanism Increasing tissue stiffness and strength with height growth plays a role in keeping a safety margin against mechanical failure in Xanthium canadense.