Abstract
Possible roles for wall-based enzyme activity in aging of daylily petals are presented. We are asking if daylily senescence is controlled in part by reactions associated with. We suggest that membrane changes leading to cell death may be induced in part by lipoxygrenase activity and by ROS that are increasing because of reduced effectiveness of certain protective enzymes. The flowers are insensitive to ethylene, but exogenous ABA prematurely upregulates events that occur during natural senescence, such as loss of differential membrane permeability, increases in lipid peroxidation and the induction of proteinase and RNase activities. The possibility is discussed that ABA is a constituent of the signal transduction chain leading to programmed cell death of daylily petals. Six daylily genes, whose levels increase during senescence, were isolated from a daylily cDNA library. Southern blot analysis showed that all six DSA genes, designated as DSA3, 4, 5, 6, 12 and 15, are members of multigene families. The GenBank database homology search suggested, that DSA3 belongs to the cytochrome P450 superfamily, DSA4 is an aspartic proteinase, DSA5 may be a water stress protein, DSA6 is a putative S-1 type nuclease, DSA12 is very similar to impedance induced protein, and DSA15 is a fatty acid elongase. The accumulation of dsag mRNAs, with the exception of DSA4, is accelerated 3.2 to 43 times in ABA treated prematurely senescing petals. Levels of DSA mRNAs in leaves are very low, less than 4% of the maximum detected in petals, and there is no significant change during senescence. Except for the gene for a putative impedance protein (DSA12), DSAs are also expressed at low levels in daylily roots. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Daylily flowers are insensitive to ethylene.
- Taxon
- daylily
_v2.jpg?width=60)
Hemerocallis hybrid cultivart0 - Outcome
- insensitive to ethylenee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_v2.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The flowers are insensitive to ethylene”
t0“daylily (Hemerocallis hybrid) petals”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous ABA prematurely induces loss of differential membrane permeability in daylily petals.
- Taxon
- daylilyHemerocallis hybrid cultivart0
- Treatment
- exogenous ABAe0
- Outcome
- loss of differential membrane permeabilitye0
- Direction
- prematurely upregulatese0
- Comparator
- natural senescencee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“exogenous ABA prematurely upregulates events that occur during natural senescence, such as loss of differential membrane permeability”
t0“daylily (Hemerocallis hybrid) petals”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous ABA prematurely increases lipid peroxidation in daylily petals.
- Taxon
- daylilyHemerocallis hybrid cultivart0
- Treatment
- exogenous ABAe0
- Outcome
- lipid peroxidatione0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Comparator
- natural senescencee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“exogenous ABA prematurely upregulates events that occur during natural senescence, such as loss of differential membrane permeability, increases in lipid peroxidation”
t0“daylily (Hemerocallis hybrid) petals”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous ABA prematurely induces proteinase and RNase activities in daylily petals.
- Taxon
- daylilyHemerocallis hybrid cultivart0
- Treatment
- exogenous ABAe0
- Outcome
- proteinase and RNase activitiese0
- Direction
- upregulatese0
- Comparator
- natural senescencee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“exogenous ABA prematurely upregulates events that occur during natural senescence, such as loss of differential membrane permeability, increases in lipid peroxidation and the induction of proteinase and RNase activities”
t0“daylily (Hemerocallis hybrid) petals”
Claim · model-written summary
Six daylily genes increasing during senescence were isolated.
- Taxon
- daylilyHemerocallis hybrid cultivare0
- Outcome
- Six daylily genese0
- Value
- Sixe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Six daylily genes, whose levels increase during senescence, were isolated from a daylily cDNA library”
Claim · model-written summary
The six DSA genes belong to multigene families.
- Taxon
- daylilyHemerocallis hybrid cultivart0
- Gene
- DSA genese0
- Outcome
- members of multigene familiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all six DSA genes, designated as DSA3, 4, 5, 6, 12 and 15, are members of multigene families”
t0“daylily (Hemerocallis hybrid) petals”
Claim · model-written summary
Homology suggests DSA3 belongs to the cytochrome P450 superfamily.
- Taxon
- daylilyHemerocallis hybrid cultivart0
- Gene
- DSA3e0
- Outcome
- cytochrome P450 superfamilye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“DSA3 belongs to the cytochrome P450 superfamily”
t0“daylily (Hemerocallis hybrid) petals”
Claim · model-written summary
Homology suggests DSA4 is an aspartic proteinase.
- Taxon
- daylilyHemerocallis hybrid cultivart0
- Gene
- DSA4e0
- Outcome
- aspartic proteinasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“DSA4 is an aspartic proteinase”
t0“daylily (Hemerocallis hybrid) petals”
Claim · model-written summary
Homology suggests DSA5 may be a water stress protein.
- Taxon
- daylilyHemerocallis hybrid cultivart0
- Gene
- DSA5e0
- Outcome
- water stress proteine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“DSA5 may be a water stress protein”
t0“daylily (Hemerocallis hybrid) petals”
Claim · model-written summary
Homology suggests DSA6 is a putative S-1 type nuclease.
- Taxon
- daylilyHemerocallis hybrid cultivart0
- Gene
- DSA6e0
- Outcome
- putative S-1 type nucleasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“DSA6 is a putative S-1 type nuclease”
t0“daylily (Hemerocallis hybrid) petals”
Claim · model-written summary
Homology suggests DSA12 resembles impedance induced protein.
- Taxon
- daylilyHemerocallis hybrid cultivart0
- Gene
- DSA12e0
- Outcome
- very similar to impedance induced proteine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“DSA12 is very similar to impedance induced protein”
t0“daylily (Hemerocallis hybrid) petals”
Claim · model-written summary
Homology suggests DSA15 is a fatty acid elongase.
- Taxon
- daylilyHemerocallis hybrid cultivart0
- Gene
- DSA15e0
- Outcome
- fatty acid elongasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“DSA15 is a fatty acid elongase”
t0“daylily (Hemerocallis hybrid) petals”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA accelerates accumulation of DSA mRNAs except DSA4 by 3.2 to 43 times.
- Taxon
- daylilyHemerocallis hybrid cultivart0
- Treatment
- ABA treatede0
- Outcome
- accumulation of dsag mRNAse0
- Direction
- acceleratede0
- Value
- 3.2 to 43 timese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The accumulation of dsag mRNAs, with the exception of DSA4, is accelerated 3.2 to 43 times in ABA treated prematurely senescing petals”
t0“daylily (Hemerocallis hybrid) petals”
Claim · model-written summary
DSA mRNA levels in leaves are less than 4% of the petal maximum.
- Taxon
- daylilyHemerocallis hybrid cultivart0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Outcome
- Levels of DSA mRNAse0
- Direction
- very lowe0
- Value
- less than 4%e0
- Comparator
- petalse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Levels of DSA mRNAs in leaves are very low, less than 4% of the maximum detected in petals”
t0“daylily (Hemerocallis hybrid) petals”
Claim · model-written summary
DSA mRNA levels in leaves do not change significantly during senescence.
- Taxon
- daylilyHemerocallis hybrid cultivart0
- Organ / stage
- leavese1
- Outcome
- no significant changee0
- Direction
- no significant changee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there is no significant change during senescence”
t0“daylily (Hemerocallis hybrid) petals”
e1“Levels of DSA mRNAs in leaves are very low”
Claim · model-written summary
DSAs except DSA12 are expressed at low levels in daylily roots.
- Taxon
- daylilyHemerocallis hybrid cultivare0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Gene
- DSAse0
- Outcome
- expressed at low levelse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Except for the gene for a putative impedance protein (DSA12), DSAs are also expressed at low levels in daylily roots”
The same questions in other papers
(+)-abscisic acid · physiology: oxidative · Hemerocallis hybrid cultivar (daylily)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
(+)-abscisic acid · physiology: enzyme activity · Hemerocallis hybrid cultivar (daylily)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.