Abstract
The artichoke (Cynara scolimus L.) is a perennial plant and today is mainly cultivated for the production of the edible flower buds. Italy is the largest producer as well as the largest consumer of artichokes. Nearly half of the world artichokes are grown in Italy. Artichoke, that is very strong crop, has in weed control one of the greater problems especially in organic farming. Non chemical intra-row weed control is carried out with hand hoeing that is a very long and hard work. The present study aimed to investigate the possibility to change hand hoeing with flaming for intra-row weed control. The experiments compared two different intra row weed control techniques during the cultivation cycle, hand hoeing and flaming (performed with a knapsack flamer), and an unweeded control. For any treatments were measured or calculated operative time, working capacity, and LPG consumption per hour and hectare, weed density, artichoke yield. In the two years of tests intra-row weed control was performed with one treatment of hand hoeing and two of flaming. Flaming permitted a work saving on average of about 65 h/ha with a LPG consumption of 107.5 kg/ha. Artichoke yield (bud/ha) was not different for the two different intra-row weed control techniques and lower for the unweeded control. At the end of cultivation cycle the time to remove all the weed (standard cultural practices) was not different between the two technique and higher for the control. These first results indicate that flaming is efficient for intra-row weed control in artichoke.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Flaming saved about 65 h/ha of work compared with hand hoeing.
- Taxon
- artichoke
Cynara cardunculus var. scolymuse0 - Treatment
- flaminge1
- Outcome
- worke1
- Direction
- savinge1
- Value
- 65 h/hae1
- Comparator
- hand hoeinge2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The artichoke (Cynara scolimus L.) is a perennial plant”
e1“Flaming permitted a work saving on average of about 65 h/ha with a LPG consumption of 107.5 kg/ha”
e2“The experiments compared two different intra row weed control techniques during the cultivation cycle, hand hoeing and flaming (performed with a knapsack flamer), and an unweeded control”
Claim · model-written summary
Flaming used 107.5 kg/ha of LPG.
- Taxon
- artichokeCynara cardunculus var. scolymuse0
- Treatment
- Flaminge1
- Outcome
- LPG consumptione1
- Value
- 107.5 kg/hae1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The artichoke (Cynara scolimus L.) is a perennial plant”
e1“Flaming permitted a work saving on average of about 65 h/ha with a LPG consumption of 107.5 kg/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Artichoke yield did not differ between flaming and hand hoeing.
- Taxon
- artichokeCynara cardunculus var. scolymuse0
- Treatment
- flaminge2
- Outcome
- Artichoke yield (bud/ha)e3
- Direction
- not differente3
- Comparator
- hand hoeinge2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The artichoke (Cynara scolimus L.) is a perennial plant”
e2“The experiments compared two different intra row weed control techniques during the cultivation cycle, hand hoeing and flaming (performed with a knapsack flamer), and an unweeded control”
e3“Artichoke yield (bud/ha) was not different for the two different intra-row weed control techniques”
Claim · model-written summary
Artichoke yield was lower in the unweeded control than under weed control.
- Taxon
- artichokeCynara cardunculus var. scolymuse0
- Treatment
- weed control techniquese2
- Outcome
- Artichoke yield (bud/ha)e3
- Direction
- lowere3
- Comparator
- unweeded controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The artichoke (Cynara scolimus L.) is a perennial plant”
e2“The experiments compared two different intra row weed control techniques during the cultivation cycle, hand hoeing and flaming (performed with a knapsack flamer), and an unweeded control”
e3“Artichoke yield (bud/ha) was not different for the two different intra-row weed control techniques and lower for the unweeded control”
Claim · model-written summary
The time to remove all weeds at the end of the cycle did not differ between flaming and hand hoeing.
- Taxon
- artichokeCynara cardunculus var. scolymuse0
- Treatment
- flaminge2
- Outcome
- time to remove all the weede4
- Direction
- not differente4
- Comparator
- hand hoeinge2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The artichoke (Cynara scolimus L.) is a perennial plant”
e2“The experiments compared two different intra row weed control techniques during the cultivation cycle, hand hoeing and flaming (performed with a knapsack flamer), and an unweeded control”
e4“At the end of cultivation cycle the time to remove all the weed (standard cultural practices) was not different between the two technique and higher for the control”
Claim · model-written summary
The time to remove all weeds was higher in the unweeded control than under weed control.
- Taxon
- artichokeCynara cardunculus var. scolymuse0
- Treatment
- weed control techniquese2
- Outcome
- time to remove all the weede4
- Direction
- highere4
- Comparator
- unweeded controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The artichoke (Cynara scolimus L.) is a perennial plant”
e2“The experiments compared two different intra row weed control techniques during the cultivation cycle, hand hoeing and flaming (performed with a knapsack flamer), and an unweeded control”
e4“At the end of cultivation cycle the time to remove all the weed (standard cultural practices) was not different between the two technique and higher for the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Flaming is efficient for intra-row weed control in artichoke.
- Taxon
- artichokeCynara cardunculus var. scolymuse5
- Treatment
- flaminge5
- Outcome
- efficient for intra-row weed controle5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“These first results indicate that flaming is efficient for intra-row weed control in artichoke”
The same questions in other papers
herbicide · weed · Cynara cardunculus (cardoon)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
herbicide · yield · Cynara cardunculus (cardoon)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.