Abstract
Experiments were conducted in the field and greenhouse, to investigate osmotic and other physiological responses or sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench cv. "RS610", 121-18-2", "4104", "DK46", "N94B", and "Redlan"), indiangrass (Sorghastrum nutans (L.) Nash cv. "Nebraska 54"), switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L. cv. "Pathfinder"), big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii Vitman cv. "Pawnee"), reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L. cv. "Ioreed"), smooth brome (Bromus inermis Leyss. cv. "Lincoln"), and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea L. cv. "Kentucky 31") to water deficit stress. Osmotic adjustment (OA) occurred for all five forage grasses measured in study one, and was greater for C4 than for C3 grasses. Despite less OA, C3 grasses appear stress resistant since they had more elastic cell walls (low modulus of cell wall elasticity). In study two tall fescue had lower leaf water potential, lower full turgor osmotic potential, and greater OA, than sorghum. Fructose, glucose and sucrose were significant contributors to leaf osmotic potential, at levels approximately equal in sorghum and tall fescue (26%). In sorghum, 30.9% (and in some cases more) of observed OA could be attributed to accumulation of sugars. In tall fescue, only 9% of OA could be attributed to accumulation of sucrose, with fructose and glucose unresponsive to water stress. Osmotic adjustment was observed for all six sorghum lines in study three, but was greatest for Redlan and DK46. In the greenhouse, increases in fructose, glucose, and sucrose, accounted for an average 30.5% to measured OA. There was variation in the pattern of sugar accumulation with 4104 and DK46 appearing to be fructose and glucose accumulators, Redlan, 121-18-2, and RS610 appearing to be sucrose accumulators, and N94B appearing to accumulate all three sugars. The contribution of sugars was least for DK46, and other solutes almost certainly account for its high OA. Large increases in leaf proline with water stress occurred in the greenhouse but rarely in the field, for all three studies. Physiological effects of proline accumulation appear uncertain, since even dramatic increases in proline content were insufficient to influence osmotic potential.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Osmotic adjustment occurred in all five forage grasses measured in study one.
Verbatim
e0“Osmotic adjustment (OA) occurred for all five forage grasses measured in study one, and was greater for C4 than for C3 grasses”
Claim · model-written summary
Osmotic adjustment was greater in C4 than in C3 forage grasses.
Verbatim
e0“Osmotic adjustment (OA) occurred for all five forage grasses measured in study one, and was greater for C4 than for C3 grasses”
Claim · model-written summary
C3 grasses appear stress resistant because they had more elastic cell walls (low modulus of cell wall elasticity).
Verbatim
e0“C3 grasses appear stress resistant since they had more elastic cell walls (low modulus of cell wall elasticity)”
Claim · model-written summary
In study two, tall fescue had lower leaf water potential than sorghum.
- Taxon
- tall fescue
Lolium arundinaceume0 - Outcome
- leaf water potentiale0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- sorghume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In study two tall fescue had lower leaf water potential, lower full turgor osmotic potential, and greater OA, than sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
In study two, tall fescue had lower full turgor osmotic potential than sorghum.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceume0
- Outcome
- full turgor osmotic potentiale0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- sorghume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In study two tall fescue had lower leaf water potential, lower full turgor osmotic potential, and greater OA, than sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
In study two, tall fescue had greater osmotic adjustment than sorghum.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceume0
- Outcome
- OAe0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- sorghume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In study two tall fescue had lower leaf water potential, lower full turgor osmotic potential, and greater OA, than sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Fructose, glucose and sucrose were significant contributors to leaf osmotic potential at approximately equal levels (26%) in sorghum and tall fescue.
- Taxon
- sorghum and tall fescue
SorghumLolium arundinaceume0 - Compound
- Fructose, glucose and sucrosee0
- Outcome
- leaf osmotic potentiale0
- Value
- 26%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fructose, glucose and sucrose were significant contributors to leaf osmotic potential, at levels approximately equal in sorghum and tall fescue (26%)”
Claim · model-written summary
In sorghum, 30.9% (and in some cases more) of observed osmotic adjustment could be attributed to sugar accumulation.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In sorghum, 30.9% (and in some cases more) of observed OA could be attributed to accumulation of sugars”
Claim · model-written summary
In tall fescue, only 9% of osmotic adjustment could be attributed to sucrose accumulation.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceume0
- Compound
- sucrosee0
- Outcome
- OAe0
- Value
- 9%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In tall fescue, only 9% of OA could be attributed to accumulation of sucrose, with fructose and glucose unresponsive to water stress”
Claim · model-written summary
In tall fescue, fructose and glucose were unresponsive to water stress.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceume0
- Treatment
- water stresse0
- Outcome
- fructose and glucosee0
- Direction
- unresponsivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In tall fescue, only 9% of OA could be attributed to accumulation of sucrose, with fructose and glucose unresponsive to water stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Osmotic adjustment was observed for all six sorghum lines in study three.
- Outcome
- Osmotic adjustmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Osmotic adjustment was observed for all six sorghum lines in study three, but was greatest for Redlan and DK46”
Claim · model-written summary
Osmotic adjustment was greatest for the sorghum lines Redlan and DK46.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Osmotic adjustment was observed for all six sorghum lines in study three, but was greatest for Redlan and DK46”
Claim · model-written summary
In the greenhouse, increases in fructose, glucose and sucrose accounted for an average 30.5% of measured osmotic adjustment in the sorghum lines.
- Compound
- fructose, glucose, and sucrosee0
- Outcome
- measured OAe0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 30.5%e0
- Setting
- greenhousee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the greenhouse, increases in fructose, glucose, and sucrose, accounted for an average 30.5% to measured OA”
e1“all six sorghum lines”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum lines varied in their pattern of sugar accumulation: 4104 and DK46 as fructose and glucose accumulators, Redlan, 121-18-2 and RS610 as sucrose accumulators, and N94B accumulating all three sugars.
- Outcome
- pattern of sugar accumulatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was variation in the pattern of sugar accumulation with 4104 and DK46 appearing to be fructose and glucose accumulators, Redlan, 121-18-2, and RS610 appearing to be sucrose accumulators, and N94B appearing to accumulate all three sugars”
e1“all six sorghum lines”
Claim · model-written summary
The contribution of sugars to osmotic adjustment was least for sorghum line DK46.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The contribution of sugars was least for DK46”
e1“all six sorghum lines”
Claim · model-written summary
Large increases in leaf proline with water stress occurred in the greenhouse but rarely in the field, in all three studies.
- Treatment
- water stresse0
- Outcome
- leaf prolinee0
- Direction
- Large increasese0
- Qualifier
- rarely in the fielde0
- Setting
- greenhousee0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Large increases in leaf proline with water stress occurred in the greenhouse but rarely in the field”
Claim · model-written summary
Even dramatic increases in proline content were insufficient to influence osmotic potential.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“even dramatic increases in proline content were insufficient to influence osmotic potential”
The same questions in other papers
drought · molecular: metabolites · Lolium arundinaceum (tall fescue)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.