Abstract
Water availability is an important factor for plant growth in arid environments. In recent decades, vermicompost (VC) fertilizer has been used in agriculture as a safe and effective fertilizer with high water-holding capacity. The aim of the present study was to characterize effects of VC fertilizer on photosynthetic activity of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L. cv. Karaj) under drought conditions at three different growth stages. Tests were carried out with four volumetric ratios of VC to soil, i.e., 0:100, 10:90, 20:80, and 30:70, and three levels of drought stress, i.e., no stress (NS), moderate drought (MS), and severe drought (SS) (100, 75, and 25% of field capacity, respectively). Evaluations were performed at the seedling, flowering, and podding stage. We found that the VC treatment under NS conditions significantly increased total chlorophyll content [Chl (a+b)], intercellular CO2 concentration (C i), net photosynthetic rate (P N), transpiration rate (E), and maximal quantum yield of PSII photochemistry (Fv/Fm) at all three stages. The VC addition of 10 and 20% significantly enhanced the Chl content and Fv/Fm under MS and Fv/Fm, C i, and P N under SS at the flowering stage. In conclusion, our results proved a positive effect of the VC fertilizer on photosynthesis of chickpea under NS conditions, but it was not found under MS and SS.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Under no stress, vermicompost significantly increased chlorophyll, intercellular CO2 and net photosynthetic rate at all three stages.
- Taxon
- chickpea
Cicer arietinume1 - Treatment
- VC treatmente0
- Outcome
- total chlorophyll content [Chl (a+b)], intercellular CO2 concentration (C i), net photosynthetic rate (P N)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- under NS conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the VC treatment under NS conditions significantly increased total chlorophyll content [Chl (a+b)], intercellular CO2 concentration (C i), net photosynthetic rate (P N)”
e1“chickpea (Cicer arietinum L. cv. Karaj)”
Claim · model-written summary
Under no stress, vermicompost significantly increased transpiration and maximal PSII quantum yield at all three stages.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume1
- Treatment
- VC treatmente2
- Outcome
- transpiration rate (E), and maximal quantum yield of PSII photochemistry (Fv/Fm)e0
- Direction
- increasede2
- Qualifier
- all three stagese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“transpiration rate (E), and maximal quantum yield of PSII photochemistry (Fv/Fm) at all three stages”
e1“chickpea (Cicer arietinum L. cv. Karaj)”
e2“the VC treatment under NS conditions significantly increased”
Claim · model-written summary
At flowering under moderate drought, 10 and 20% vermicompost significantly enhanced chlorophyll and Fv/Fm.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume1
- Treatment
- VC addition of 10 and 20%e0
- Outcome
- Chl content and Fv/Fme0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Qualifier
- under MSe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The VC addition of 10 and 20% significantly enhanced the Chl content and Fv/Fm under MS”
e1“chickpea (Cicer arietinum L. cv. Karaj)”
Claim · model-written summary
At flowering under severe drought, 10 and 20% vermicompost significantly enhanced Fv/Fm, intercellular CO2 and net photosynthetic rate.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume1
- Treatment
- VC addition of 10 and 20%e0
- Outcome
- Fv/Fm, C i, and P Ne0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Qualifier
- under SS at the flowering stagee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The VC addition of 10 and 20% significantly enhanced the Chl content and Fv/Fm under MS and Fv/Fm, C i, and P N under SS at the flowering stage”
e1“chickpea (Cicer arietinum L. cv. Karaj)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors report a positive effect of vermicompost on chickpea photosynthesis under no stress, but not under moderate or severe drought.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Outcome
- photosynthesis of chickpeae0
- Direction
- positive effecte0
- Qualifier
- under NS conditions, but it was not found under MS and SSe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a positive effect of the VC fertilizer on photosynthesis of chickpea under NS conditions, but it was not found under MS and SS”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · physiology: photosynthesis · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results
6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- no effect
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.