Abstract
The effectiveness of six species of ectomycorrhizal fungi (Scleroderma columnare, S.dictyosporum, Laccaria toccata, Rhizopogon luteolus, Amanita umbronata and Descomyces sp.) in alginate beads in promoting the growth of four species of dipterocarp seedlings (Shorea pinanga, S.leprosula, S.ovalis and Hopea odorata) were studied. Different sodium alginate concentrations of 5 g, 10 g, 15 g and 20 g/L were tested to find out the best bead's elasticity and spore germination. Seedling height, Relative Field Mycorrhizal Dependency, percentage of mycorrhizal colonization, nutrient absorption, and the formation of Hartig's net and mantle structure of dipterocarp seedlings were observed 4 months after inoculation. The best elasticity of alginate beads was found in the concentration of sodium alginate of 15 g/L. The best growth increment was found in Hopea odorata inoculated with Amanita umbronata (126.60 %) followed by Shorea pinanga inoculated with Descomyces sp. (27.10%), Shorea ovalis inoculated with Amanita umbronata (26.90 %) and Shorea leprosula inoculated with Descomyces sp. (24.20 %) over the control. The highest Relative Field Mycorrhizal Dependency was found in Hopea odorata followed by Shorea ovalis, S. pinanga and S. leprosula. The highest mycorrhizal colonization was obtained in Shorea pinanga inoculated with Descomyces sp. (75%), while inoculation with Amanita umbronata on S.leprosula, S.ovalis and Hopea odorata increased mycorrhizal colonization i.e. 64.5 %, 52.5%, and 46.2 %, respectively. Hartig's net and mantle structures were well formed in Shorea leprosula as well as S.ovalis seedlings with all mycorrhizal fungi tested, while in S.pinanga seedlings these structures were only well formed with Descomyces sp. There is no clear difference in P levels in the leaves following inoculation as compared to the controls. Key words: Mycorrhizas/Alginate beads/Scleroderma columnare/Scleroderma dictyosporumlLaccaria laccatalRhizopogon luteoluslAmanita umbronatalDescomyces sp./Growth/Dipterocarpace-ae/Seedlings.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Alginate beads had best elasticity at 15 g/L sodium alginate.
Verbatim
e0“The best elasticity of alginate beads was found in the concentration of sodium alginate of 15 g/L.”
t0“DIPTEROCARP SEEDLINGS”
Claim · model-written summary
Hopea odorata inoculated with Amanita umbronata had a 126.60 % growth increment over control.
- Taxon
- Hopea odorata
Hopea odoratae0 - Treatment
- inoculated with Amanita umbronatae0
- Interactor
- Amanita umbronatae0symbiont
- Outcome
- growth incremente1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
- Value
- 126.60 %e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Hopea odorata inoculated with Amanita umbronata (126.60 %) followed by Shorea pinanga”
e1“The best growth increment was found in Hopea odorata inoculated with Amanita umbronata (126.60 %) followed by Shorea pinanga inoculated with Descomyces sp. (27.10%), Shorea ovalis inoculated with Amanita umbronata (26.90 %) and Shorea leprosula inoculated with Descomyces sp. (24.20 %) over the control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Shorea pinanga inoculated with Descomyces sp. had 27.10% growth increment.
- Taxon
- Shorea pinangaRubroshorea pinangae0
- Treatment
- inoculated with Descomyces sp.e0
- Interactor
- Descomyces sp.
Descomycese0symbiont - Outcome
- growth incremente1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
- Value
- 27.10%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shorea pinanga inoculated with Descomyces sp. (27.10%)”
e1“The best growth increment was found in Hopea odorata inoculated with Amanita umbronata (126.60 %) followed by Shorea pinanga inoculated with Descomyces sp. (27.10%), Shorea ovalis inoculated with Amanita umbronata (26.90 %) and Shorea leprosula inoculated with Descomyces sp. (24.20 %) over the control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Shorea ovalis inoculated with Amanita umbronata had 26.90 % growth increment.
- Taxon
- Shorea ovalis
Rubroshorea ovalise0 - Treatment
- inoculated with Amanita umbronatae0
- Interactor
- Amanita umbronatae0symbiont
- Outcome
- growth incremente1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
- Value
- 26.90 %e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shorea ovalis inoculated with Amanita umbronata (26.90 %)”
e1“The best growth increment was found in Hopea odorata inoculated with Amanita umbronata (126.60 %) followed by Shorea pinanga inoculated with Descomyces sp. (27.10%), Shorea ovalis inoculated with Amanita umbronata (26.90 %) and Shorea leprosula inoculated with Descomyces sp. (24.20 %) over the control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Shorea leprosula inoculated with Descomyces sp. had 24.20 % growth increment over control.
- Taxon
- Shorea leprosula
Rubroshorea leprosulae0 - Treatment
- inoculated with Descomyces sp.e0
- Interactor
- Descomyces sp.Descomycese0symbiont
- Outcome
- growth incremente1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
- Value
- 24.20 %e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shorea leprosula inoculated with Descomyces sp. (24.20 %) over the control.”
e1“The best growth increment was found in Hopea odorata inoculated with Amanita umbronata (126.60 %) followed by Shorea pinanga inoculated with Descomyces sp. (27.10%), Shorea ovalis inoculated with Amanita umbronata (26.90 %) and Shorea leprosula inoculated with Descomyces sp. (24.20 %) over the control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Hopea odorata had the highest Relative Field Mycorrhizal Dependency.
- Taxon
- Hopea odorataHopea odoratae0
- Outcome
- Relative Field Mycorrhizal Dependencye0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest Relative Field Mycorrhizal Dependency was found in Hopea odorata”
Claim · model-written summary
Shorea pinanga inoculated with Descomyces sp. had 75% mycorrhizal colonization.
- Taxon
- Shorea pinangaRubroshorea pinangae0
- Treatment
- inoculated with Descomyces sp.e0
- Interactor
- Descomyces sp.Descomycese0symbiont
- Outcome
- mycorrhizal colonizatione1
- Direction
- higherinferrede0
- Value
- 75%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shorea pinanga inoculated with Descomyces sp. (75%)”
e1“The highest mycorrhizal colonization was obtained in Shorea pinanga inoculated with Descomyces sp. (75%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Amanita umbronata inoculation increased mycorrhizal colonization of S.leprosula to 64.5 %.
- Taxon
- S.leprosulaRubroshorea leprosulae0
- Treatment
- inoculation with Amanita umbronatae0
- Interactor
- Amanita umbronatae0symbiont
- Outcome
- mycorrhizal colonizatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 64.5 %e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inoculation with Amanita umbronata on S.leprosula, S.ovalis and Hopea odorata increased mycorrhizal colonization i.e. 64.5 %, 52.5%, and 46.2 %”
Claim · model-written summary
Amanita umbronata inoculation increased mycorrhizal colonization of S.ovalis to 52.5%.
- Taxon
- S.ovalisRubroshorea ovalise0
- Treatment
- inoculation with Amanita umbronatae0
- Interactor
- Amanita umbronatae0symbiont
- Outcome
- mycorrhizal colonizatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 52.5%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inoculation with Amanita umbronata on S.leprosula, S.ovalis and Hopea odorata increased mycorrhizal colonization i.e. 64.5 %, 52.5%, and 46.2 %”
Claim · model-written summary
Amanita umbronata inoculation increased mycorrhizal colonization of Hopea odorata to 46.2 %.
- Taxon
- Hopea odorataHopea odoratae0
- Treatment
- inoculation with Amanita umbronatae0
- Interactor
- Amanita umbronatae0symbiont
- Outcome
- mycorrhizal colonizatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 46.2 %e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inoculation with Amanita umbronata on S.leprosula, S.ovalis and Hopea odorata increased mycorrhizal colonization i.e. 64.5 %, 52.5%, and 46.2 %”
Claim · model-written summary
Hartig net and mantle structures formed well in Shorea leprosula with all fungi tested.
- Taxon
- Shorea leprosulaRubroshorea leprosulae0
- Outcome
- Hartig's net and mantle structurese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Hartig's net and mantle structures were well formed in Shorea leprosula as well as S.ovalis seedlings with all mycorrhizal fungi tested”
Claim · model-written summary
Hartig net and mantle structures formed well in S.ovalis with all fungi tested.
- Taxon
- S.ovalisRubroshorea ovalise0
- Outcome
- Hartig's net and mantle structurese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Hartig's net and mantle structures were well formed in Shorea leprosula as well as S.ovalis seedlings with all mycorrhizal fungi tested”
Claim · model-written summary
In S.pinanga, Hartig net and mantle structures formed well only with Descomyces sp.
- Taxon
- S.pinangaRubroshorea pinangae0
- Interactor
- Descomyces sp.Descomycese0symbiont
- Outcome
- these structurese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in S.pinanga seedlings these structures were only well formed with Descomyces sp.”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf P levels showed no clear difference after inoculation versus controls.
Verbatim
e0“There is no clear difference in P levels in the leaves following inoculation as compared to the controls.”
t0“DIPTEROCARP SEEDLINGS”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · growth · Rubroshorea pinangaResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.