Abstract
The effect of the quinone outside inhibitors (QoI) azoxystrobin and pyraclostrobin on yields of winter wheat where QoI resistant Mycosphaerella graminicola isolates were dominant was investigated in field trials in 2006 and 2007. Pyraclostrobin significantly increased yields by 1·57 t ha −1 in 2006 and 0·89 t ha −1 in 2007 when compared to the untreated controls, while azoxystrobin only provided a significant increase of 1·28 t ha −1 in 2006. These yield increases were associated with reduction in septoria tritici blotch (STB) development as determined by weekly disease assessments over a 7 week interval. The effect of pyraclostrobin on STB was studied in controlled environment experiments using wheat seedlings inoculated with individual M. graminicola isolates. Pyraclostrobin significantly reduced STB symptoms by up to 62%, whether applied 48 h pre‐ or post‐ inoculation with resistant M. graminicola isolates containing the cytochrome b mutation G143A. Extremely limited disease (<1%) was observed on similarly treated seedlings inoculated with an intermediately resistant isolate containing the cytochrome b mutation F129L, while no disease was observed on seedlings inoculated with a wild‐type isolate. Germination studies of pycnidiospores of M. graminicola on water agar amended with azoxystrobin or pyraclostrobin showed that neither fungicide inhibited germination of spores of resistant isolates containing the mutation G143A. However, pyraclostrobin significantly reduced germ tube length by up to 46% when compared with the untreated controls. Although the QoIs can no longer be relied upon to provide effective M. graminicola control, this study provides an insight into why QoIs still provide limited STB disease control and yield increases even in situations of high QoI resistance.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Pyraclostrobin increased winter wheat yield by 1·57 t ha −1 in 2006.
- Taxon
- winter wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- Pyraclostrobine0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 1·57 t ha −1e0
- Qualifier
- 2006e0
- Comparator
- untreated controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pyraclostrobin significantly increased yields by 1·57 t ha −1 in 2006 and 0·89 t ha −1 in 2007 when compared to the untreated controls”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Pyraclostrobin increased yield by 0·89 t ha −1 in 2007.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Pyraclostrobine0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 0·89 t ha −1e0
- Qualifier
- 2007e0
- Comparator
- untreated controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pyraclostrobin significantly increased yields by 1·57 t ha −1 in 2006 and 0·89 t ha −1 in 2007 when compared to the untreated controls”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Azoxystrobin significantly increased yield by 1·28 t ha −1 in 2006.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- azoxystrobine0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 1·28 t ha −1e0
- Qualifier
- 2006e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pyraclostrobin significantly increased yields by 1·57 t ha −1 in 2006 and 0·89 t ha −1 in 2007 when compared to the untreated controls, while azoxystrobin only provided a significant increase of 1·28 t ha −1 in 2006”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The yield increases were associated with reduced septoria tritici blotch.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- yield increasese0
- Outcome
- septoria tritici blotch (STB) developmente0
- Direction
- reductione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These yield increases were associated with reduction in septoria tritici blotch (STB) development”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Pyraclostrobin reduced blotch symptoms up to 62% in seedlings inoculated with G143A resistant isolates.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Pyraclostrobine0
- Interactor
- M. graminicola
Zymoseptoria triticie0pathogen - Gene
- cytochrome b mutation G143Ae0
- Outcome
- STB symptomse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- up to 62%e0
- Qualifier
- 48 h pre‐ or post‐ inoculatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pyraclostrobin significantly reduced STB symptoms by up to 62%, whether applied 48 h pre‐ or post‐ inoculation with resistant M. graminicola isolates containing the cytochrome b mutation G143A”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Similarly treated seedlings had less than 1% disease with the F129L isolate.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Gene
- cytochrome b mutation F129Le0
- Outcome
- diseasee0
- Value
- <1%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Extremely limited disease (<1%) was observed on similarly treated seedlings inoculated with an intermediately resistant isolate containing the cytochrome b mutation F129L”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Similarly treated seedlings had no disease with a wild type isolate.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- no diseasee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no disease was observed on seedlings inoculated with a wild‐type isolate”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Neither fungicide inhibited G143A resistant spore germination.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- neither fungicidee0
- Gene
- mutation G143Ae0
- Outcome
- germination of spores of resistant isolatese0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“neither fungicide inhibited germination of spores of resistant isolates containing the mutation G143A”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Pyraclostrobin reduced germ tube length up to 46% relative to untreated controls.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- pyraclostrobine0
- Outcome
- germ tube lengthe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- up to 46%e0
- Comparator
- untreated controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pyraclostrobin significantly reduced germ tube length by up to 46% when compared with the untreated controls”
t0“winter wheat”
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See all 157 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.