Abstract
Abstract Tan spot, caused by the fungus Pyrenophora tritici ‐ repentis (Ptr), is a disease that has become more prevalent and intense in wheat crops in Argentina in recent years. Failure to control the disease with strobilurin fungicides, which were once effective, has been observed in different zones where wheat is grown. However, whether or not true resistance is present in the pathogen population in the region is not scientifically confirmed. This study evaluated the sensitivity of numerous Ptr isolates to representative QoI fungicides used in Argentina through in vitro and in planta assays, as well as through molecular analysis. Eighty‐two monosporic isolates obtained in different locations in the north and south of Buenos Aires province in 2014, 2016, and 2018 were tested to determine sensitivity to selected QoI fungicides in conidial germination and mycelial inhibition assays, as well as in molecular analysis. Conidial germination was not inhibited at 1 µg/ml of azoxystrobin, trifloxystrobin, and pyraclostrobin. On the other hand, mycelial growth was inhibited by 59%, 56%, and 86% at 100 µg/ml of azoxystrobin, trifloxystrobin, and pyraclostrobin, respectively. The molecular analysis detected the G143A mutation in the cytb gene of all the 82 Ptr isolates, but the F129L and G137R substitutions were not present. This study documents the G143A mutation conferring QoI resistance in Ptr in South America. The findings of this study are key for future decisions regarding use of fungicide and rotation in the region.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
azoxystrobin at 1 µg/ml did not inhibit Pyrenophora conidial germination.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- azoxystrobine0
- Interactor
- Pyrenophora tritici ‐ repentise1pathogen
- Outcome
- Conidial germinatione0
- Direction
- not inhibitede0
- Value
- 1 µg/mle0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Conidial germination was not inhibited at 1 µg/ml of azoxystrobin, trifloxystrobin, and pyraclostrobin.”
t0“wheat”
e1“fungus Pyrenophora tritici ‐ repentis (Ptr)”
Claim · model-written summary
trifloxystrobin at 1 µg/ml did not inhibit Pyrenophora conidial germination.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- trifloxystrobine0
- Interactor
- Pyrenophora tritici ‐ repentise1pathogen
- Outcome
- Conidial germinatione0
- Direction
- not inhibitede0
- Value
- 1 µg/mle0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Conidial germination was not inhibited at 1 µg/ml of azoxystrobin, trifloxystrobin, and pyraclostrobin.”
t0“wheat”
e1“fungus Pyrenophora tritici ‐ repentis (Ptr)”
Claim · model-written summary
pyraclostrobin at 1 µg/ml did not inhibit Pyrenophora conidial germination.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- pyraclostrobine0
- Interactor
- Pyrenophora tritici ‐ repentise1pathogen
- Outcome
- Conidial germinatione0
- Direction
- not inhibitede0
- Value
- 1 µg/mle0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Conidial germination was not inhibited at 1 µg/ml of azoxystrobin, trifloxystrobin, and pyraclostrobin.”
t0“wheat”
e1“fungus Pyrenophora tritici ‐ repentis (Ptr)”
Claim · model-written summary
azoxystrobin at 100 µg/ml inhibited Pyrenophora mycelial growth by 59%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- azoxystrobine0
- Interactor
- Pyrenophora tritici ‐ repentise1pathogen
- Outcome
- mycelial growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Value
- 59%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mycelial growth was inhibited by 59%, 56%, and 86% at 100 µg/ml of azoxystrobin, trifloxystrobin, and pyraclostrobin, respectively.”
t0“wheat”
e1“fungus Pyrenophora tritici ‐ repentis (Ptr)”
Claim · model-written summary
trifloxystrobin at 100 µg/ml inhibited Pyrenophora mycelial growth by 56%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- trifloxystrobine0
- Interactor
- Pyrenophora tritici ‐ repentise1pathogen
- Outcome
- mycelial growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Value
- 56%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mycelial growth was inhibited by 59%, 56%, and 86% at 100 µg/ml of azoxystrobin, trifloxystrobin, and pyraclostrobin, respectively.”
t0“wheat”
e1“fungus Pyrenophora tritici ‐ repentis (Ptr)”
Claim · model-written summary
pyraclostrobin at 100 µg/ml inhibited Pyrenophora mycelial growth by 86%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- pyraclostrobine0
- Interactor
- Pyrenophora tritici ‐ repentise1pathogen
- Outcome
- mycelial growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Value
- 86%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mycelial growth was inhibited by 59%, 56%, and 86% at 100 µg/ml of azoxystrobin, trifloxystrobin, and pyraclostrobin, respectively.”
t0“wheat”
e1“fungus Pyrenophora tritici ‐ repentis (Ptr)”
Claim · model-written summary
All 82 Pyrenophora isolates carried the G143A mutation in cytb.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- Pyrenophora tritici ‐ repentise1pathogen
- Gene
- cytbe0
- Outcome
- G143A mutatione0
- Value
- 82 Ptr isolatese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The molecular analysis detected the G143A mutation in the cytb gene of all the 82 Ptr isolates, but the F129L and G137R substitutions were not present.”
t0“wheat”
e1“fungus Pyrenophora tritici ‐ repentis (Ptr)”
Claim · model-written summary
The F129L substitution was absent from the tested Pyrenophora isolates.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- Pyrenophora tritici ‐ repentise1pathogen
- Gene
- cytbe0
- Outcome
- F129Le0
- Qualifier
- not presente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The molecular analysis detected the G143A mutation in the cytb gene of all the 82 Ptr isolates, but the F129L and G137R substitutions were not present.”
t0“wheat”
e1“fungus Pyrenophora tritici ‐ repentis (Ptr)”
Claim · model-written summary
The G137R substitution was absent from the tested Pyrenophora isolates.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- Pyrenophora tritici ‐ repentise1pathogen
- Gene
- cytbe0
- Outcome
- G137Re0
- Qualifier
- not presente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The molecular analysis detected the G143A mutation in the cytb gene of all the 82 Ptr isolates, but the F129L and G137R substitutions were not present.”
t0“wheat”
e1“fungus Pyrenophora tritici ‐ repentis (Ptr)”
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