Abstract
The purpose of this research was to study effects of priming on seed infestation with fungi and germination of carrot (Daucus carota L.) seed lots naturally contaminated with seedborne Alternaria spp. Three seed lots of two cultivars, Karita' and 'Nantes Topscore' F1, varying in initial incidence of Alternaria spp., were primed in PEG 6000 or hydroprimed under laboratory conditions. The lots differed in their response to priming, both in terms of germination and presence of Alternaria spp. Priming resulted in a faster germination for all three seed lots. The uniformity of germination was improved in two lots. The overall percentage germination did not increase. Both osmotically and hydroprimed seeds gave rise to a decreased number of normal seedlings compared with untreated seeds. This decrease resulted from an increase in the number of seedlings with fungi and/or decays and dead seeds, which was related to a significant increase in the number of seeds contaminated with fungi after priming. In the seed lots with intermediate or high incidence levels of Alternaria dauci, A. radicina, or A. alternata, priming resulted in significantly higher levels of contamination. Moreover, fungi invaded inner parts of the seeds, especially after PEG priming. These findings indicate that the level of fungal contamination of seeds should be evaluated prior to the selection of seed lots for priming.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Seed lots differed in their germination and Alternaria responses to priming.
- Taxon
- carrot (Daucus carota L.)
Daucus carotae1 - Interactor
- Alternaria spp.
Alternariae0pathogen - Outcome
- response to priminge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The lots differed in their response to priming, both in terms of germination and presence of Alternaria spp.”
e1“carrot (Daucus carota L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming accelerated germination in all three seed lots.
- Taxon
- carrot (Daucus carota L.)Daucus carotae1
- Treatment
- Priminge0
- Outcome
- germinatione0
- Direction
- fastere0
- Qualifier
- all three seed lotse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Priming resulted in a faster germination for all three seed lots.”
e1“carrot (Daucus carota L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming improved germination uniformity in two lots.
- Taxon
- carrot (Daucus carota L.)Daucus carotae2
- Treatment
- Priminge1
- Outcome
- uniformity of germinatione0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Qualifier
- two lotse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The uniformity of germination was improved in two lots.”
e1“Priming resulted in a faster germination”
e2“carrot (Daucus carota L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming did not increase overall percentage germination.
- Taxon
- carrot (Daucus carota L.)Daucus carotae2
- Treatment
- Priminge1
- Outcome
- overall percentage germinatione0
- Direction
- did not increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The overall percentage germination did not increase.”
e1“Priming resulted in a faster germination”
e2“carrot (Daucus carota L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Osmopriming reduced normal seedlings relative to untreated seeds.
- Taxon
- carrot (Daucus carota L.)Daucus carotae1
- Treatment
- osmoticallye0
- Outcome
- number of normal seedlingse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- untreated seedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both osmotically and hydroprimed seeds gave rise to a decreased number of normal seedlings compared with untreated seeds.”
e1“carrot (Daucus carota L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydropriming reduced normal seedlings relative to untreated seeds.
- Taxon
- carrot (Daucus carota L.)Daucus carotae1
- Treatment
- hydroprimede0
- Outcome
- number of normal seedlingse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- untreated seedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both osmotically and hydroprimed seeds gave rise to a decreased number of normal seedlings compared with untreated seeds.”
e1“carrot (Daucus carota L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming increased seedlings with fungi or decay and dead seeds.
- Taxon
- carrot (Daucus carota L.)Daucus carotae2
- Treatment
- priminge1
- Outcome
- number of seedlings with fungi and/or decays and dead seedse0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This decrease resulted from an increase in the number of seedlings with fungi and/or decays and dead seeds”
e1“after priming”
e2“carrot (Daucus carota L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed fungal contamination significantly increased after priming.
- Taxon
- carrot (Daucus carota L.)Daucus carotae1
- Treatment
- priminge0
- Outcome
- number of seeds contaminated with fungie0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significant increase in the number of seeds contaminated with fungi after priming”
e1“carrot (Daucus carota L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming significantly increased contamination in lots with intermediate or high Alternaria incidence.
- Taxon
- carrot (Daucus carota L.)Daucus carotae1
- Treatment
- priminge0
- Interactor
- Alternaria dauci, A. radicina, or A. alternata
.jpg?width=60)
Alternaria alternataAlternaria dauci
Alternaria radicinae0pathogen - Outcome
- levels of contaminatione0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- intermediate or high incidence levelse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“In the seed lots with intermediate or high incidence levels of Alternaria dauci, A. radicina, or A. alternata, priming resulted in significantly higher levels of contamination.”
e1“carrot (Daucus carota L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungi invaded inner seed parts, especially after PEG priming.
- Taxon
- carrot (Daucus carota L.)Daucus carotae1
- Treatment
- PEG priminge0
- Outcome
- fungi invaded inner parts of the seedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fungi invaded inner parts of the seeds, especially after PEG priming.”
e1“carrot (Daucus carota L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend evaluating fungal seed contamination before selecting lots for priming.
- Taxon
- carrot (Daucus carota L.)Daucus carotae1
- Outcome
- fungal contamination of seeds should be evaluated prior to the selection of seed lots for priminge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the level of fungal contamination of seeds should be evaluated prior to the selection of seed lots for priming.”
e1“carrot (Daucus carota L.)”
The same questions in other papers
seed treatment · growth · Daucus carota (carrot)Results differ
29 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- no effect
29 papers more in this group
See all 33 papers →seed treatment · Alternaria alternata · Daucus carota (carrot)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
seed treatment · yield · Daucus carota (carrot)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →seed treatment · Alternaria radicina · Daucus carota (carrot)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
seed treatment · Alternaria dauci · Daucus carota (carrot)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.