Abstract
A field study was conducted to evaluate the effect of soaking of seeds of peanut (Arachis hypogea L.) before sowing in freshly prepared solutions of two fertilizers namely Sangral and Quick nutria at different concentrations of 0, 1, 2 or 3 ml L -1 and at different periods of time (0, 12, 24 and 36 h). The results showed that all treatments had no effect on plant height. On the other hand, an application of Quick nutria fertilizer produced significantly longer roots (59.79), root fresh (31.55 g) and dry weights (21.48 g), leaf area index (LAI) (23.82) and yields of pods (13.60) and seeds (18.52%). These quantities were greater than those recorded from Sangral fertilizer. In addition, Quick nutria also improved water use efficiency (4.88 m 3 kg -1 ). The seeds which were treated with fertilizers at a concentration of 3 ml L -1 produced the highest root length (22.43 cm), root fresh and dry weights (11.09 and 9.24 g), LAI (6.90), and pod and seed yields (3.44 and 2.28 t ha -1 ). The latter also improved water use efficiency of the peanut plants (3.017 m 3 kg -1) . Furthermore, soaking period of 36 h produced the highest root length (24.29 cm), root fresh and dry weight (12.03, 9.14 g), LAI (6.91), pod and seed yields (3.26, 2.06 t ha -1 ), and improved water use efficiency (4.41 m 3 kg -1 ). The highest interaction effects were obtained from fertilizer × concentration, fertilizer × soaking periods, concentration × soaking periods, and fertilizer × concentration × soaking periods for all of the studied variables except plant height. Further to that, the optimum seed yield (2.96 t ha -1 ) was obtained from the seeds which were soaked in Quick nutria solution at 1 ml L -1 for 36 h. Soaking peanut seeds before sowing in freshly prepared fertilizer solutions at different concentrations is a simple and an economically viable option to improve the seedling establishment, plant growth and yield of peanut plant.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Treatments did not affect plant height.
- Taxon
- peanut
Arachis hypogaeae0 - Treatment
- all treatmentse1
- Outcome
- plant heighte1
- Direction
- no effecte1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soaking of seeds of peanut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
e1“all treatments had no effect on plant height”
Claim · model-written summary
Quick nutria produced longer roots than Sangral.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae2
- Treatment
- Quick nutria fertilizere0
- Outcome
- rootse0
- Direction
- longere0
- Value
- 59.79e0
- Comparator
- Sangral fertilizere1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Quick nutria fertilizer produced significantly longer roots (59.79)”
e1“These quantities were greater than those recorded from Sangral fertilizer”
e2“peanut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Quick nutria increased root fresh weight relative to Sangral.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae3
- Treatment
- Quick nutria fertilizere1
- Outcome
- root freshe0
- Direction
- greatere2
- Value
- 31.55 ge0
- Comparator
- Sangral fertilizere2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“root fresh (31.55 g) and dry weights (21.48 g)”
e1“Quick nutria fertilizer produced significantly longer roots”
e2“These quantities were greater than those recorded from Sangral fertilizer”
e3“peanut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Quick nutria increased root dry weight relative to Sangral.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae3
- Treatment
- Quick nutria fertilizere1
- Outcome
- dry weightse0
- Direction
- greatere2
- Value
- 21.48 ge0
- Comparator
- Sangral fertilizere2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“root fresh (31.55 g) and dry weights (21.48 g)”
e1“Quick nutria fertilizer produced significantly longer roots”
e2“These quantities were greater than those recorded from Sangral fertilizer”
e3“peanut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Quick nutria increased LAI relative to Sangral.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae3
- Treatment
- Quick nutria fertilizere1
- Outcome
- leaf area index (LAI)e0
- Direction
- greatere2
- Value
- 23.82e0
- Comparator
- Sangral fertilizere2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“leaf area index (LAI) (23.82)”
e1“Quick nutria fertilizer produced”
e2“These quantities were greater than those recorded from Sangral fertilizer”
e3“peanut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Quick nutria increased pod yield relative to Sangral.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae3
- Treatment
- Quick nutria fertilizere1
- Outcome
- yields of podse0
- Direction
- greatere2
- Value
- 13.60e0
- Comparator
- Sangral fertilizere2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“yields of pods (13.60) and seeds (18.52%)”
e1“Quick nutria fertilizer produced”
e2“These quantities were greater than those recorded from Sangral fertilizer”
e3“peanut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Quick nutria increased seed yield relative to Sangral.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae3
- Treatment
- Quick nutria fertilizere1
- Outcome
- seedse0
- Direction
- greatere2
- Value
- 18.52%e0
- Comparator
- Sangral fertilizere2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“yields of pods (13.60) and seeds (18.52%)”
e1“Quick nutria fertilizer produced”
e2“These quantities were greater than those recorded from Sangral fertilizer”
e3“peanut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Quick nutria improved water use efficiency.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae1
- Treatment
- Quick nutriae0
- Outcome
- water use efficiencye0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 4.88 m 3 kg -1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Quick nutria also improved water use efficiency (4.88 m 3 kg -1 )”
e1“peanut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 3 ml L -1 seed treatment gave the highest root length.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae1
- Treatment
- fertilizers at a concentration of 3 ml L -1e0
- Outcome
- root lengthe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 22.43 cme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seeds which were treated with fertilizers at a concentration of 3 ml L -1 produced the highest root length (22.43 cm)”
e1“peanut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 3 ml L -1 seed treatment gave 11.09 g root fresh weight.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae2
- Treatment
- fertilizers at a concentration of 3 ml L -1e1
- Outcome
- root freshe0
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 11.09e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“root fresh and dry weights (11.09 and 9.24 g)”
e1“fertilizers at a concentration of 3 ml L -1 produced the highest root length”
e2“peanut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 3 ml L -1 seed treatment gave 9.24 g root dry weight.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae2
- Treatment
- fertilizers at a concentration of 3 ml L -1e1
- Outcome
- dry weightse0
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 9.24 ge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“root fresh and dry weights (11.09 and 9.24 g)”
e1“fertilizers at a concentration of 3 ml L -1 produced the highest root length”
e2“peanut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 3 ml L -1 seed treatment gave the highest LAI, 6.90.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae1
- Treatment
- fertilizers at a concentration of 3 ml L -1e0
- Outcome
- LAIe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 6.90e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fertilizers at a concentration of 3 ml L -1 produced the highest root length (22.43 cm), root fresh and dry weights (11.09 and 9.24 g), LAI (6.90)”
e1“peanut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 3 ml L -1 seed treatment gave 3.44 t ha -1 pod yield.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae2
- Treatment
- fertilizers at a concentration of 3 ml L -1e0
- Outcome
- pode1
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 3.44e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fertilizers at a concentration of 3 ml L -1 produced the highest root length”
e1“pod and seed yields (3.44 and 2.28 t ha -1 )”
e2“peanut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 3 ml L -1 seed treatment gave 2.28 t ha -1 seed yield.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae2
- Treatment
- fertilizers at a concentration of 3 ml L -1e0
- Outcome
- seed yieldse1
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 2.28 t ha -1e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fertilizers at a concentration of 3 ml L -1 produced the highest root length”
e1“pod and seed yields (3.44 and 2.28 t ha -1 )”
e2“peanut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 3 ml L -1 seed treatment improved water use efficiency.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- fertilizers at a concentration of 3 ml L -1e1
- Outcome
- water use efficiencye0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 3.017 m 3 kg -1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The latter also improved water use efficiency of the peanut plants (3.017 m 3 kg -1)”
e1“fertilizers at a concentration of 3 ml L -1”
Claim · model-written summary
A 36 h soak gave the highest root length, 24.29 cm.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae1
- Treatment
- soaking period of 36 he0
- Outcome
- root lengthe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 24.29 cme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soaking period of 36 h produced the highest root length (24.29 cm)”
e1“peanut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
A 36 h soak gave root fresh and dry weight of 12.03 and 9.14 g.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae1
- Treatment
- soaking period of 36 he0
- Outcome
- root fresh and dry weighte0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 12.03, 9.14 ge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soaking period of 36 h produced the highest root length (24.29 cm), root fresh and dry weight (12.03, 9.14 g)”
e1“peanut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
A 36 h soak gave LAI of 6.91.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae1
- Treatment
- soaking period of 36 he0
- Outcome
- LAIe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 6.91e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soaking period of 36 h produced the highest root length (24.29 cm), root fresh and dry weight (12.03, 9.14 g), LAI (6.91)”
e1“peanut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
A 36 h soak gave pod and seed yields of 3.26 and 2.06 t ha -1.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae1
- Treatment
- soaking period of 36 he0
- Outcome
- pod and seed yieldse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 3.26, 2.06 t ha -1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soaking period of 36 h produced the highest root length (24.29 cm), root fresh and dry weight (12.03, 9.14 g), LAI (6.91), pod and seed yields (3.26, 2.06 t ha -1 )”
e1“peanut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The best seed yield was 2.96 t ha -1 after Quick nutria soaking at 1 ml L -1 for 36 h.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae1
- Treatment
- soaked in Quick nutria solution at 1 ml L -1 for 36 he0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- optimume0
- Value
- 2.96 t ha -1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the optimum seed yield (2.96 t ha -1 ) was obtained from the seeds which were soaked in Quick nutria solution at 1 ml L -1 for 36 h”
e1“peanut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
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