Abstract
Information on the spatial distribution of arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) in plant organs and tissues during plant reactions to low temperature (LT) is limited. In this study, the extracellular distribution of AGPs in banana leaves and roots, and their changes under LT stress were investigated in two genotypes differing in chilling tolerance, by immuno-techniques using 17 monoclonal antibodies against different AGP epitopes. Changes in total classical AGPs in banana leaves were also tested. The results showed that AGP epitopes recognized by JIM4, JIM14, JIM16, and CCRC-M32 antibodies were primarily distributed in leaf veins, while those recognized by JIM8, JIM13, JIM15, and PN16.4B4 antibodies exhibited predominant sclerenchymal localization. Epitopes recognized by LM2, LM14, and MAC207 antibodies were distributed in both epidermal and mesophyll cells. Both genotypes accumulated classical AGPs in leaves under LT treatment, and the chilling tolerant genotype contained higher classical AGPs at each temperature treatment. The abundance of JIM4 and JIM16 epitopes in the chilling-sensitive genotype decreased slightly after LT treatment, and this trend was opposite for the tolerant one. LT induced accumulation of LM2- and LM14-immunoreactive AGPs in the tolerant genotype compared to the sensitive one, especially in phloem and mesophyll cells. These epitopes thus might play important roles in banana LT tolerance. Different AGP components also showed differential distribution patterns in banana roots. In general, banana roots started to accumulate AGPs under LT treatment earlier than leaves. The levels of AGPs recognized by MAC207 and JIM13 antibodies in the control roots of the tolerant genotype were higher than in the chilling sensitive one. Furthermore, the chilling tolerant genotype showed high immuno-reactivity against JIM13 antibody. These results indicate that several AGPs are likely involved in banana tolerance to chilling injury.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
JIM4, JIM14, JIM16 and CCRC-M32 epitopes occurred primarily in leaf veins.
Verbatim
e0“AGP epitopes recognized by JIM4, JIM14, JIM16, and CCRC-M32 antibodies were primarily distributed in leaf veins”
t0“banana”
Claim · model-written summary
JIM8, JIM13, JIM15 and PN16.4B4 epitopes localized predominantly to sclerenchyma.
Verbatim
e0“those recognized by JIM8, JIM13, JIM15, and PN16.4B4 antibodies exhibited predominant sclerenchymal localization”
t0“banana”
Claim · model-written summary
LM2, LM14 and MAC207 epitopes occurred in epidermal and mesophyll cells.
Verbatim
e0“Epitopes recognized by LM2, LM14, and MAC207 antibodies were distributed in both epidermal and mesophyll cells”
t0“banana”
Claim · model-written summary
Both genotypes accumulated classical AGPs in leaves under low temperature.
- Taxon
- bananat0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- LT treatmente0
- Outcome
- classical AGPse0
- Direction
- accumulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Both genotypes accumulated classical AGPs in leaves under LT treatment”
t0“banana”
Claim · model-written summary
The tolerant genotype had higher classical AGPs at each temperature treatment.
Verbatim
e0“the chilling tolerant genotype contained higher classical AGPs at each temperature treatment”
t0“banana”
Claim · model-written summary
JIM4 epitope abundance slightly decreased after low temperature in the sensitive genotype.
- Taxon
- bananat0
- Material
- chilling-sensitive genotypee0
- Treatment
- LT treatmente0
- Outcome
- abundance of JIM4e0
- Direction
- decreased slightlye0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The abundance of JIM4 and JIM16 epitopes in the chilling-sensitive genotype decreased slightly after LT treatment”
t0“banana”
Claim · model-written summary
JIM16 epitope abundance slightly decreased after low temperature in the sensitive genotype.
- Taxon
- bananat0
- Material
- chilling-sensitive genotypee0
- Treatment
- LT treatmente0
- Outcome
- JIM16 epitopese0
- Direction
- decreased slightlye0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The abundance of JIM4 and JIM16 epitopes in the chilling-sensitive genotype decreased slightly after LT treatment”
t0“banana”
Claim · model-written summary
JIM4 and JIM16 epitope abundance showed the opposite trend in the tolerant genotype.
Not reportedTreatmentComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“this trend was opposite for the tolerant one”
t0“banana”
Claim · model-written summary
Low temperature induced LM2-reactive AGP accumulation in the tolerant genotype versus the sensitive genotype.
Verbatim
e0“LT induced accumulation of LM2- and LM14-immunoreactive AGPs in the tolerant genotype compared to the sensitive one, especially in phloem and mesophyll cells”
t0“banana”
Claim · model-written summary
Low temperature induced LM14-reactive AGP accumulation in the tolerant genotype versus the sensitive genotype.
Verbatim
e0“LT induced accumulation of LM2- and LM14-immunoreactive AGPs in the tolerant genotype compared to the sensitive one, especially in phloem and mesophyll cells”
t0“banana”
Claim · model-written summary
AGP components had different distribution patterns in banana roots.
Verbatim
e0“Different AGP components also showed differential distribution patterns in banana roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Roots began accumulating AGPs under low temperature earlier than leaves.
Verbatim
e0“banana roots started to accumulate AGPs under LT treatment earlier than leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Control roots of tolerant plants had higher MAC207-recognized AGP levels than sensitive plants.
Verbatim
e0“The levels of AGPs recognized by MAC207 and JIM13 antibodies in the control roots of the tolerant genotype were higher than in the chilling sensitive one”
t0“banana”
Claim · model-written summary
Control roots of tolerant plants had higher JIM13-recognized AGP levels than sensitive plants.
Verbatim
e0“The levels of AGPs recognized by MAC207 and JIM13 antibodies in the control roots of the tolerant genotype were higher than in the chilling sensitive one”
t0“banana”
Claim · model-written summary
The chilling-tolerant genotype showed high JIM13 immunoreactivity.
Verbatim
e0“the chilling tolerant genotype showed high immuno-reactivity against JIM13 antibody”
t0“banana”
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