Abstract
Berry shrivel (BS) is one of the economically most important physiological disorders in grapevine, but it is also one of the least studied ones. At the beginning of the ripening process, berries stop accumulating sugars and lose their turgescence. The must weight remains low, the berries taste sour and bitter. During the last ten years, several studies were conducted to narrow eliciting factors. As a result, an unbalanced ratio of K and Mg in the soil was considered likely to induce BS. To verify this hypothesis, two fertilization trials with two different varieties each, one via the soil and one foliar fertilization trial, were initiated. Within two years, no effect on the incidence of BS was evident. In the foliar fertilization trials, Mg, K and Ca fertilizers were tested with their effect on BS. For the first year, no significant differences could be observed. In the second year, more berries were affected by BS in the plots treated with Ca fertilizer. The plots with Mg fertilizer showed significantly less berries affected by BS than the untreated control in one variety. Extensive analysis of concentrations of Ca, Mg and K in berries illustrate that berries affected by BS show significantly higher concentrations of Ca compared to healthy berries. The loss of quality of wines made of berries affected by BS was demonstrated by must and wine analysis as well as by a consumer preference analysis. Phenolic compounds (in particular resveratrol) that are often used as indicators of abiotic stress were analysed as well. It was supposed that BS is caused or increased by abiotic stress so that the concentration of resveratrol in berries affected by BS is increased as well. However, in all varieties analysed, the concentration of resveratrol was higher in healthy berries than in affected ones. A direct connection between weather condition at bloom and especially at ripening was examined. Observations at monitoring sites and reports from other countries seem to show that cool and wet weather at these phenological stages might increase the risk of BS. It was only possible to statistically prove a connection between the precipitation at bloom and the incidence of BS.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Across two years, fertilization trials showed no evident effect on berry shrivel incidence.
VitisNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“To verify this hypothesis, two fertilization trials with two different varieties each, one via the soil and one foliar fertilization trial, were initiated. Within two years, no effect on the incidence of BS was evident.”
t0“grapevines”
Claim · model-written summary
In the first foliar-fertilization year, tested fertilizers showed no significant difference in berry shrivel.
- Treatment
- Mg, K and Ca fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- BSe0
- Direction
- no significant differencese0
- Qualifier
- first yeare0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the foliar fertilization trials, Mg, K and Ca fertilizers were tested with their effect on BS. For the first year, no significant differences could be observed.”
t0“grapevines”
Claim · model-written summary
In the second year, calcium fertilizer increased the number of berries affected by berry shrivel.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the second year, more berries were affected by BS in the plots treated with Ca fertilizer.”
t0“grapevines”
Claim · model-written summary
Magnesium fertilizer significantly reduced berry shrivel in one variety relative to the untreated control.
- Treatment
- Mg fertilizere0
- Outcome
- berries affected by BSe0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Qualifier
- one varietye0
- Comparator
- untreated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The plots with Mg fertilizer showed significantly less berries affected by BS than the untreated control in one variety.”
t0“grapevines”
Claim · model-written summary
Shriveled berries had significantly higher calcium concentrations than healthy berries.
- Organ / stage
- berries affected by BSe0
- Outcome
- concentrations of Cae0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- healthy berriese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“berries affected by BS show significantly higher concentrations of Ca compared to healthy berries”
t0“grapevines”
Claim · model-written summary
Wine made from shriveled berries lost quality in must, wine and consumer-preference analyses.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The loss of quality of wines made of berries affected by BS was demonstrated by must and wine analysis as well as by a consumer preference analysis.”
t0“grapevines”
Claim · model-written summary
Healthy berries had higher resveratrol concentrations than shriveled berries across all analyzed varieties.
- Organ / stage
- healthy berriese0
- Outcome
- concentration of resveratrole0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- affected onese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in all varieties analysed, the concentration of resveratrol was higher in healthy berries than in affected ones”
t0“grapevines”
Claim · model-written summary
Monitoring observations and other reports suggested cool, wet weather at bloom and ripening may increase berry shrivel risk.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Observations at monitoring sites and reports from other countries seem to show that cool and wet weather at these phenological stages might increase the risk of BS.”
t0“grapevines”
Claim · model-written summary
Precipitation at bloom was statistically connected to berry shrivel incidence.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It was only possible to statistically prove a connection between the precipitation at bloom and the incidence of BS.”
t0“grapevines”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · disease · VitisPositive and negative results
12 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
9 papers more in this group
See all 13 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.