Abstract
Changes in respiratory metabolism accompanied by callus formation in cultured explants of carrot root were followed and the following results were obtained. 1) When the explant was cultured on a medium containing kinetin and 2,4-D, active cell division occurred and resulted in callus formation by the 9th–12th days. 2) Fresh weight remarkably increased after a lag-time of about 5 days. Changes in protein content on fresh weight basis were similar to changes in fresh weight. 3) Respiration rate increased during the first few days, when growth could not be distinctly measured. Accompanying the rise in respiration, the C6/C1 ratio also increased. As callus developed, the respiratory rate and C6/C1 ratio gradually decreased and RQ, became higher than unity. 4) Alcohol dehydrogenase activity increased between the 4th and 9th days after culture. 5) When sub-cultured callus tissue was fed with G-U-14C, some radioactivity was detected in the alcohol of the tissues. 6) These results suggest that during the first 4–6 days after culture the activity of the EMBDEN-MEYERHOF-PARNAS-TCA pathway was remarkably increased and, as callus developed, the relative participation of the pentose phosphate pathway gradually increased and simultaneously alcohol fermentation occurred.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Kinetin and 2,4-D culture induced active cell division and callus by days 9–12.
- Taxon
- carrot root
Daucus carotat0 - Treatment
- medium containing kinetin and 2,4-De0
- Outcome
- active cell division occurred and resulted in callus formatione0
- Value
- 9th–12th dayse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When the explant was cultured on a medium containing kinetin and 2,4-D, active cell division occurred and resulted in callus formation by the 9th–12th days”
t0“carrot root”
Claim · model-written summary
Fresh weight increased after a roughly five-day lag.
- Taxon
- carrot rootDaucus carotat0
- Outcome
- Fresh weighte0
- Direction
- remarkably increasede0
- Value
- about 5 dayse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fresh weight remarkably increased after a lag-time of about 5 days”
t0“carrot root”
Claim · model-written summary
Protein content changed similarly to fresh weight.
- Taxon
- carrot rootDaucus carotat0
- Outcome
- protein content on fresh weight basise0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- fresh weighte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Changes in protein content on fresh weight basis were similar to changes in fresh weight”
t0“carrot root”
Claim · model-written summary
Respiration rate increased in the first days before growth was distinct.
- Taxon
- carrot rootDaucus carotat0
- Outcome
- Respiration ratee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Respiration rate increased during the first few days, when growth could not be distinctly measured”
t0“carrot root”
Claim · model-written summary
C6/C1 ratio rose with respiration.
- Taxon
- carrot rootDaucus carotat0
- Outcome
- C6/C1 ratioe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Accompanying the rise in respiration, the C6/C1 ratio also increased”
t0“carrot root”
Claim · model-written summary
Respiratory rate fell as callus developed.
- Taxon
- carrot rootDaucus carotat0
- Outcome
- respiratory ratee0
- Direction
- gradually decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“As callus developed, the respiratory rate and C6/C1 ratio gradually decreased”
t0“carrot root”
Claim · model-written summary
C6/C1 ratio fell as callus developed.
- Taxon
- carrot rootDaucus carotat0
- Outcome
- C6/C1 ratioe0
- Direction
- gradually decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“As callus developed, the respiratory rate and C6/C1 ratio gradually decreased”
t0“carrot root”
Claim · model-written summary
Respiratory quotient rose above one during callus development.
- Taxon
- carrot rootDaucus carotat0
- Outcome
- RQe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- unitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RQ, became higher than unity”
t0“carrot root”
Claim · model-written summary
Alcohol dehydrogenase activity increased between days four and nine.
- Taxon
- carrot rootDaucus carotat0
- Gene
- Alcohol dehydrogenasee0
- Outcome
- Alcohol dehydrogenase activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Alcohol dehydrogenase activity increased between the 4th and 9th days after culture”
t0“carrot root”
Claim · model-written summary
G-U-14C feeding led to radioactivity in tissue alcohol.
- Taxon
- carrot rootDaucus carotat0
- Treatment
- fed with G-U-14Ce0
- Outcome
- radioactivity was detected in the alcohol of the tissuese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When sub-cultured callus tissue was fed with G-U-14C, some radioactivity was detected in the alcohol of the tissues”
t0“carrot root”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors infer increased EMBDEN-MEYERHOF-PARNAS-TCA pathway activity early in culture.
- Taxon
- carrot rootDaucus carotat0
- Outcome
- activity of the EMBDEN-MEYERHOF-PARNAS-TCA pathwaye0
- Direction
- remarkably increasede0
- Qualifier
- first 4–6 days after culturee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“during the first 4–6 days after culture the activity of the EMBDEN-MEYERHOF-PARNAS-TCA pathway was remarkably increased”
t0“carrot root”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors infer rising relative pentose phosphate pathway participation during callus development.
- Taxon
- carrot rootDaucus carotat0
- Outcome
- relative participation of the pentose phosphate pathwaye0
- Direction
- gradually increasede0
- Qualifier
- as callus developede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“as callus developed, the relative participation of the pentose phosphate pathway gradually increased”
t0“carrot root”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors infer alcohol fermentation occurred as callus developed.
- Taxon
- carrot rootDaucus carotat0
- Outcome
- alcohol fermentation occurrede0
- Qualifier
- as callus developede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“as callus developed, the relative participation of the pentose phosphate pathway gradually increased and simultaneously alcohol fermentation occurred”
t0“carrot root”