Abstract
Seed samples of four Egyptian broad bean cultivars were tested for seed-borne fungi. The deep freezing method was used to isolate twelve seed-borne fungi viz ., Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, Botrytis fabae, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani,, Penicillium italicum, Rhizoctonia solani, Rhizopus stolonifer, Stemphylium globuliferum and Trichothecium roseum from the broad bean cultivars viz ., Giza 3, Giza 429, Giza 843 and Misr 1. Aspergillus flavus, Botrytis fabae, Fusarium oxysporum and Penicillium italicum were the most predominant fungal species. Aqueous extracts from five wild medicinal plants ( Asclepias sinaica, Farsetia aegyptia, Hypericum sinaicum, Phagnalon sinaicum , and Salvia aegyptiaca ) which were collected from the Sinai Peninsula, Egypt were tested against the predominant fungal pathogens. All the aqueous plant extracts significantly inhibited the mycelial growth of these fungi, but the extract of Asclepias sinaica exhibited the strongest antifungal activity. The maximum seed germination rate was observed in infested Giza 843 and minimum in Misr 1. Treating seeds with plant extract of Asclepias sinaica (10%) enhanced the percentage of seed germination of all cultivars in both laboratory and pot experiments. Maximum root and shoot lengths of seedlings were recorded in Giza 843 during fungal infestation or treatment by plant extract. In greenhouse experiment, the aqueous A. sinaica extract reduced disease severity and total pigments but increased total phenolics and fruit yield.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Twelve seed-borne fungi were isolated from four broad bean cultivars.
- Taxon
- broad bean
Vicia fabae0 - Outcome
- twelve seed-borne fungie0
- Value
- twelvee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The deep freezing method was used to isolate twelve seed-borne fungi viz ., Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, Botrytis fabae, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani,, Penicillium italicum, Rhizoctonia solani, Rhizopus stolonifer, Stemphylium globuliferum and Trichothecium roseum from the broad bean cultivars viz ., Giza 3, Giza 429, Giza 843 and Misr 1”
Claim · model-written summary
Aspergillus flavus, Botrytis fabae and Fusarium oxysporum were predominant seed fungi.
- Taxon
- broad beanVicia fabat0
- Outcome
- most predominant fungal speciese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Aspergillus flavus, Botrytis fabae, Fusarium oxysporum and Penicillium italicum were the most predominant fungal species”
t0“broad bean cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Penicillium italicum was a predominant seed fungus.
- Taxon
- broad beanVicia fabat0
- Interactor
- Penicillium italicum
Penicillium italicume0pathogen - Outcome
- most predominant fungal speciese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Penicillium italicum were the most predominant fungal species”
t0“broad bean cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Aqueous extracts of the tested wild medicinal plants inhibited fungal mycelial growth significantly.
- Taxon
- broad beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- aqueous plant extractse0
- Outcome
- mycelial growth of these fungie0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All the aqueous plant extracts significantly inhibited the mycelial growth of these fungi”
t0“broad bean cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Asclepias sinaica extract showed the strongest antifungal activity.
- Taxon
- broad beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- extract of Asclepias sinaicae0
- Outcome
- antifungal activitye0
- Direction
- strongeste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the extract of Asclepias sinaica exhibited the strongest antifungal activity”
t0“broad bean cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Infested Giza 843 had the maximum seed germination rate.
- Taxon
- broad beanVicia fabat0
- Material
- Giza 843e0
- Outcome
- seed germination ratee0
- Direction
- maximume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum seed germination rate was observed in infested Giza 843”
t0“broad bean cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Misr 1 had the minimum seed germination rate.
- Taxon
- broad beanVicia fabat0
- Material
- Misr 1e0
- Outcome
- seed germination ratee1
- Direction
- minimume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“minimum in Misr 1”
e1“seed germination rate”
t0“broad bean cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Asclepias sinaica extract at 10% enhanced germination in all cultivars in laboratory and pot tests.
- Taxon
- broad beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- plant extract of Asclepias sinaica (10%)e0
- Outcome
- percentage of seed germinatione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Setting
- laboratory and pot experimentse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treating seeds with plant extract of Asclepias sinaica (10%) enhanced the percentage of seed germination of all cultivars in both laboratory and pot experiments”
t0“broad bean cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Giza 843 had maximum root and shoot lengths under infestation or extract treatment.
- Taxon
- broad beanVicia fabat0
- Material
- Giza 843e0
- Outcome
- root and shoot lengthse0
- Direction
- Maximume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum root and shoot lengths of seedlings were recorded in Giza 843 during fungal infestation or treatment by plant extract”
t0“broad bean cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Aqueous A. sinaica extract reduced greenhouse disease severity.
- Taxon
- broad beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- aqueous A. sinaica extracte0
- Outcome
- disease severitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Setting
- greenhousee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In greenhouse experiment, the aqueous A. sinaica extract reduced disease severity and total pigments but increased total phenolics and fruit yield”
t0“broad bean cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Aqueous A. sinaica extract reduced greenhouse total pigments.
- Taxon
- broad beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- aqueous A. sinaica extracte0
- Outcome
- total pigmentse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Setting
- greenhousee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In greenhouse experiment, the aqueous A. sinaica extract reduced disease severity and total pigments but increased total phenolics and fruit yield”
t0“broad bean cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Aqueous A. sinaica extract increased greenhouse total phenolics.
- Taxon
- broad beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- aqueous A. sinaica extracte0
- Outcome
- total phenolicse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Setting
- greenhousee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In greenhouse experiment, the aqueous A. sinaica extract reduced disease severity and total pigments but increased total phenolics and fruit yield”
t0“broad bean cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Aqueous A. sinaica extract increased greenhouse fruit yield.
- Taxon
- broad beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- aqueous A. sinaica extracte0
- Outcome
- fruit yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Setting
- greenhousee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In greenhouse experiment, the aqueous A. sinaica extract reduced disease severity and total pigments but increased total phenolics and fruit yield”
t0“broad bean cultivars”
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