Abstract
The contribution of nitrogen (N) fertilizer placement to management of annual weeds in spring wheat grown under two tillage systems was examined at sites located in three ecoregions of the northern Great Plains from 1994 to 1996. The effect of three different fertilizer placements on narrowleaf and broadleaf weed emergence, growth, and N uptake were determined in a no-till and a conventional tillage system. Fertilizer was broadcast, subsurface-banded in the spring prior to seeding, or side-banded at the time of seeding. Tillage system generally did not influence weed and crop response to fertilizer placement. Broadcast-applied fertilizer was more effective than banded fertilizer in promoting wild oat and broadleaf weed emergence and growth over the growing season. Weed densities, biomass, and N uptake measured early in the growing season averaged 20 to 40% less, and grain yield of wheat at maturity averaged 12% higher where fertilizer was side-banded compared to broadcast. In contrast, the addition of fertilizer, regardless of placement, was detrimental to green foxtail because of enhanced crop competitiveness. Banding fertilizer at recommended rates can be an effective cultural practice for managing weeds in no-till and conventional tillage wheat-cropping systems in semiarid to subhumid regions of the northern Great Plains, but it is not reliable when used as the sole method of weed management.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Tillage generally did not influence weed and wheat responses to fertilizer placement.
- Treatment
- Tillage systeme0
- Outcome
- weed and crop response to fertilizer placemente0
- Direction
- did not influencee0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Tillage system generally did not influence weed and crop response to fertilizer placement”
Claim · model-written summary
Broadcast fertilizer promoted wild oat emergence and growth more than banded fertilizer.
- Treatment
- Broadcast-applied fertilizere0
- Interactor
- wild oate0weed
- Outcome
- wild oat and broadleaf weed emergence and growthe0
- Direction
- more effectivee0
- Comparator
- banded fertilizere0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Broadcast-applied fertilizer was more effective than banded fertilizer in promoting wild oat and broadleaf weed emergence and growth over the growing season”
Claim · model-written summary
Broadcast fertilizer promoted broadleaf weed emergence and growth more than banded fertilizer.
- Treatment
- Broadcast-applied fertilizere0
- Interactor
- broadleaf weede0weed
- Outcome
- broadleaf weed emergence and growthe0
- Direction
- more effectivee0
- Comparator
- banded fertilizere0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Broadcast-applied fertilizer was more effective than banded fertilizer in promoting wild oat and broadleaf weed emergence and growth over the growing season”
Claim · model-written summary
Side-banded fertilizer reduced early-season weed densities by 20 to 40% versus broadcast fertilizer.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- side-bandede0
- Outcome
- Weed densitiese0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Value
- 20 to 40%e0
- Comparator
- broadcaste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Weed densities, biomass, and N uptake measured early in the growing season averaged 20 to 40% less, and grain yield of wheat at maturity averaged 12% higher where fertilizer was side-banded compared to broadcast”
Claim · model-written summary
Side-banded fertilizer reduced early-season weed biomass by 20 to 40% versus broadcast fertilizer.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- side-bandede0
- Outcome
- biomasse0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Value
- 20 to 40%e0
- Comparator
- broadcaste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Weed densities, biomass, and N uptake measured early in the growing season averaged 20 to 40% less, and grain yield of wheat at maturity averaged 12% higher where fertilizer was side-banded compared to broadcast”
Claim · model-written summary
Side-banded fertilizer reduced early-season weed nitrogen uptake by 20 to 40% versus broadcast fertilizer.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- side-bandede0
- Outcome
- N uptakee0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Value
- 20 to 40%e0
- Comparator
- broadcaste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Weed densities, biomass, and N uptake measured early in the growing season averaged 20 to 40% less, and grain yield of wheat at maturity averaged 12% higher where fertilizer was side-banded compared to broadcast”
Claim · model-written summary
Side-banded fertilizer raised mature wheat grain yield by 12% versus broadcast fertilizer.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- side-bandede0
- Outcome
- grain yield of wheate0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 12%e0
- Comparator
- broadcaste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain yield of wheat at maturity averaged 12% higher where fertilizer was side-banded compared to broadcast”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer addition harmed green foxtail through enhanced crop competitiveness.
- Treatment
- addition of fertilizere0
- Interactor
- green foxtaile0weed
- Outcome
- green foxtaile0
- Direction
- detrimentale0
- Qualifier
- enhanced crop competitivenesse0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“the addition of fertilizer, regardless of placement, was detrimental to green foxtail because of enhanced crop competitiveness”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend banding fertilizer at recommended rates as a weed-management practice in wheat cropping systems.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- Banding fertilizer at recommended rates can be an effective cultural practice for managing weedse0
- Qualifier
- not reliable when used as the sole method of weed managemente0
- Setting
- northern Great Plainse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Banding fertilizer at recommended rates can be an effective cultural practice for managing weeds in no-till and conventional tillage wheat-cropping systems in semiarid to subhumid regions of the northern Great Plains, but it is not reliable when used as the sole method of weed management”
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