Abstract
Phosphorus (P), an essential macronutrient for all living cells, is indispensable for agricultural production. Although Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) PHOSPHATE RESPONSE1 (PHR1) and its orthologs in other species have been shown to function in transcriptional regulation of phosphate (Pi) signaling and Pi homeostasis, an integrative comparison of PHR1-related proteins in rice (Oryza sativa) has not previously been reported. Here, we identified functional redundancy among three PHR1 orthologs in rice (OsPHR1, OsPHR2, and OsPHR3) using phylogenetic and mutation analysis. OsPHR3 in conjunction with OsPHR1 and OsPHR2 function in transcriptional activation of most Pi starvation-induced genes. Loss-of-function mutations in any one of these transcription factors (TFs) impaired root hair growth (primarily root hair elongation). However, these three TFs showed differences in DNA binding affinities and messenger RNA expression patterns in different tissues and growth stages, and transcriptomic analysis revealed differential effects on Pi starvation-induced gene expression of single mutants of the three TFs, indicating some degree of functional diversification. Overexpression of genes encoding any of these TFs resulted in partial constitutive activation of Pi starvation response and led to Pi accumulation in the shoot. Furthermore, unlike OsPHR2-overexpressing lines, which exhibited growth retardation under normal or Pi-deficient conditions, OsPHR3-overexpressing plants exhibited significant tolerance to low-Pi stress but normal growth rates under normal Pi conditions, suggesting that OsPHR3 would be useful for molecular breeding to improve Pi uptake/use efficiency under Pi-deficient conditions. We propose that OsPHR1, OsPHR2, and OsPHR3 form a network and play diverse roles in regulating Pi signaling and homeostasis in rice.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
The three rice PHR1 orthologs OsPHR1, OsPHR2 and OsPHR3 show functional redundancy.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Gene
- OsPHR1, OsPHR2, and OsPHR3e0
- Outcome
- functional redundancye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Here, we identified functional redundancy among three PHR1 orthologs in rice (OsPHR1, OsPHR2, and OsPHR3)”
Claim · model-written summary
OsPHR3 together with OsPHR1 and OsPHR2 transcriptionally activates most Pi starvation-induced genes.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Gene
- OsPHR3e1
- Outcome
- transcriptional activation of most Pi starvation-induced genese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Here, we identified functional redundancy among three PHR1 orthologs in rice (OsPHR1, OsPHR2, and OsPHR3)”
e1“OsPHR3 in conjunction with OsPHR1 and OsPHR2 function in transcriptional activation of most Pi starvation-induced genes”
Claim · model-written summary
Loss-of-function mutations in any one of the three TFs impaired root hair growth in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Loss-of-function mutationse2
- Outcome
- root hair growthe2
- Direction
- impairede2
- Qualifier
- primarily root hair elongatione2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Here, we identified functional redundancy among three PHR1 orthologs in rice (OsPHR1, OsPHR2, and OsPHR3)”
e2“Loss-of-function mutations in any one of these transcription factors (TFs) impaired root hair growth (primarily root hair elongation)”
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpression of the PHR1 TF genes resulted in partial constitutive activation of the Pi starvation response in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Overexpression of genes encoding any of these TFse3
- Outcome
- partial constitutive activation of Pi starvation responsee3
- Direction
- resulted ine3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Here, we identified functional redundancy among three PHR1 orthologs in rice (OsPHR1, OsPHR2, and OsPHR3)”
e3“Overexpression of genes encoding any of these TFs resulted in partial constitutive activation of Pi starvation response and led to Pi accumulation in the shoot”
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpression of the PHR1 TF genes led to Pi accumulation in the rice shoot.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Overexpression of genes encoding any of these TFse3
- Outcome
- Pi accumulation in the shoote3
- Direction
- led toe3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Here, we identified functional redundancy among three PHR1 orthologs in rice (OsPHR1, OsPHR2, and OsPHR3)”
e3“Overexpression of genes encoding any of these TFs resulted in partial constitutive activation of Pi starvation response and led to Pi accumulation in the shoot”
Claim · model-written summary
OsPHR3-overexpressing rice plants showed significant tolerance to low-Pi stress.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- OsPHR3-overexpressing plantse4
- Outcome
- tolerance to low-Pi stresse4
- Direction
- increaseinferrede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Here, we identified functional redundancy among three PHR1 orthologs in rice (OsPHR1, OsPHR2, and OsPHR3)”
e4“OsPHR3-overexpressing plants exhibited significant tolerance to low-Pi stress but normal growth rates under normal Pi conditions, suggesting that OsPHR3 would be useful for molecular breeding to improve Pi uptake/use efficiency under Pi-deficient conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
OsPHR3-overexpressing rice plants grew at normal rates under normal Pi conditions.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- OsPHR3-overexpressing plantse4
- Outcome
- growth ratese4
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede4
- Qualifier
- under normal Pi conditionse4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Here, we identified functional redundancy among three PHR1 orthologs in rice (OsPHR1, OsPHR2, and OsPHR3)”
e4“OsPHR3-overexpressing plants exhibited significant tolerance to low-Pi stress but normal growth rates under normal Pi conditions, suggesting that OsPHR3 would be useful for molecular breeding to improve Pi uptake/use efficiency under Pi-deficient conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
OsPHR2-overexpressing rice lines showed growth retardation under normal or Pi-deficient conditions.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- OsPHR2-overexpressing linese5
- Outcome
- growth retardatione5
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede5
- Qualifier
- under normal or Pi-deficient conditionse5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Here, we identified functional redundancy among three PHR1 orthologs in rice (OsPHR1, OsPHR2, and OsPHR3)”
e5“unlike OsPHR2-overexpressing lines, which exhibited growth retardation under normal or Pi-deficient conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
The three rice TFs differed in DNA binding affinities and messenger RNA expression patterns across tissues and growth stages.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- DNA binding affinities and messenger RNA expression patternse6
- Qualifier
- differencese6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Here, we identified functional redundancy among three PHR1 orthologs in rice (OsPHR1, OsPHR2, and OsPHR3)”
e6“these three TFs showed differences in DNA binding affinities and messenger RNA expression patterns in different tissues and growth stages”
Claim · model-written summary
Transcriptomic analysis showed differential effects of single TF mutants on Pi starvation-induced gene expression in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- Pi starvation-induced gene expressione7
- Qualifier
- differential effectse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Here, we identified functional redundancy among three PHR1 orthologs in rice (OsPHR1, OsPHR2, and OsPHR3)”
e7“transcriptomic analysis revealed differential effects on Pi starvation-induced gene expression of single mutants of the three TFs”
Claim · model-written summary
OsPHR3 would be useful for molecular breeding to improve Pi uptake and use efficiency under Pi-deficient conditions in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Gene
- OsPHR3e4
- Outcome
- Pi uptake/use efficiencye4
- Qualifier
- under Pi-deficient conditionse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Here, we identified functional redundancy among three PHR1 orthologs in rice (OsPHR1, OsPHR2, and OsPHR3)”
e4“OsPHR3-overexpressing plants exhibited significant tolerance to low-Pi stress but normal growth rates under normal Pi conditions, suggesting that OsPHR3 would be useful for molecular breeding to improve Pi uptake/use efficiency under Pi-deficient conditions”
The same questions in other papers
loss of function · growth · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
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