Abstract
We investigated how root hydraulic conductance (normalized to root dry weight, Lo ) is regulated by the shoot. Shoot topping (about 30% reduction in leaf area) reduced Lo of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), soybean (Glycine max L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) by 50 to 60%. More detailed investigations with soybean and grapevine showed that the reduction in Lo was not correlated with the reduction in leaf area, and shading or cutting single leaves had a similar effect. Percentage reduction in Lo was largest when initial Lo was high in soybean. Inhibition of Lo by weak acid (low pH) was smaller after shoot damage or leaf shading. The half time of reduction in Lo was approximately 5 min after total shoot decapitation. These characteristics indicate involvement of aquaporins. We excluded phloem-borne signals and auxin-mediated signals. Xylem-mediated hydraulic signals are possible since turgor rapidly decreased within root cortex cells after shoot topping. There was a significant reduction in the expression of several aquaporins in the plasma membrane intrinsic protein (PIP) family of both grapevine and soybean. In soybean, there was a five- to 10-fold reduction in GmPIP1;6 expression over 0.5-1 h which was sustained over the period of reduced Lo .
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot topping reduced grapevine root hydraulic conductance by 50 to 60%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shoot topping (about 30% reduction in leaf area) reduced Lo of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), soybean (Glycine max L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) by 50 to 60%”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot topping reduced soybean root hydraulic conductance by 50 to 60%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shoot topping (about 30% reduction in leaf area) reduced Lo of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), soybean (Glycine max L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) by 50 to 60%”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot topping reduced maize root hydraulic conductance by 50 to 60%.
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shoot topping (about 30% reduction in leaf area) reduced Lo of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), soybean (Glycine max L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) by 50 to 60%”
Claim · model-written summary
In soybean and grapevine, reduction in hydraulic conductance was not correlated with reduction in leaf area.
- Taxon
- soybean and grapevine
Vitis
Glycine maxe0 - Organ / stage
- leaf areae0
- Outcome
- reduction in Loe0
- Direction
- not correlatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“More detailed investigations with soybean and grapevine showed that the reduction in Lo was not correlated with the reduction in leaf area”
Claim · model-written summary
Shading leaves reduced root hydraulic conductance similarly to shoot damage.
- Taxon
- soybean and grapevineVitisGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- shadinge0
- Outcome
- similar effecte0
- Direction
- similar effecte0
- Comparator
- Shoot toppingt0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“shading or cutting single leaves had a similar effect”
t0“Shoot topping (about 30% reduction in leaf area) reduced Lo of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), soybean (Glycine max L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) by 50 to 60%”
e1“More detailed investigations with soybean and grapevine showed that the reduction in Lo was not correlated with the reduction in leaf area”
Claim · model-written summary
Cutting single leaves reduced root hydraulic conductance similarly to shoot damage.
- Taxon
- soybean and grapevineVitisGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- cutting single leavese0
- Outcome
- similar effecte0
- Direction
- similar effecte0
- Comparator
- Shoot toppingt0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“shading or cutting single leaves had a similar effect”
t0“Shoot topping (about 30% reduction in leaf area) reduced Lo of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), soybean (Glycine max L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) by 50 to 60%”
e1“More detailed investigations with soybean and grapevine showed that the reduction in Lo was not correlated with the reduction in leaf area”
Claim · model-written summary
In soybean, percentage conductance reduction was largest when initial conductance was high.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- Percentage reduction in Loe0
- Direction
- largeste0
- Comparator
- initial Loe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Percentage reduction in Lo was largest when initial Lo was high in soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Weak-acid inhibition of root hydraulic conductance was smaller after shoot damage or shading.
- Taxon
- soybean and grapevineVitisGlycine maxt0e1
- Treatment
- weak acid (low pH)e0
- Outcome
- Inhibition of Loe0
- Direction
- smallere0
- Comparator
- shoot damage or leaf shadinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inhibition of Lo by weak acid (low pH) was smaller after shoot damage or leaf shading”
t0“Shoot topping (about 30% reduction in leaf area) reduced Lo of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), soybean (Glycine max L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) by 50 to 60%”
e1“More detailed investigations with soybean and grapevine showed that the reduction in Lo was not correlated with the reduction in leaf area”
Claim · model-written summary
After total shoot decapitation, conductance decline had an approximately five-minute half-time.
- Taxon
- soybean and grapevineVitisGlycine maxt0e1
- Treatment
- total shoot decapitatione0
- Value
- approximately 5 mine0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The half time of reduction in Lo was approximately 5 min after total shoot decapitation”
t0“Shoot topping (about 30% reduction in leaf area) reduced Lo of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), soybean (Glycine max L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) by 50 to 60%”
e1“More detailed investigations with soybean and grapevine showed that the reduction in Lo was not correlated with the reduction in leaf area”
Claim · model-written summary
Root cortex cell turgor rapidly decreased after shoot topping.
- Taxon
- soybean and grapevineVitisGlycine maxt0e1
- Organ / stage
- root cortex cellse0
- Treatment
- shoot toppinge0
- Outcome
- turgore0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“turgor rapidly decreased within root cortex cells after shoot topping”
t0“Shoot topping (about 30% reduction in leaf area) reduced Lo of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), soybean (Glycine max L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) by 50 to 60%”
e1“More detailed investigations with soybean and grapevine showed that the reduction in Lo was not correlated with the reduction in leaf area”
Claim · model-written summary
Several PIP aquaporins showed significantly reduced expression in grapevine and soybean.
- Taxon
- grapevine and soybeanVitisGlycine maxe0
- Gene
- plasma membrane intrinsic protein (PIP) familye0
- Outcome
- expression of several aquaporinse0
- Direction
- reductione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was a significant reduction in the expression of several aquaporins in the plasma membrane intrinsic protein (PIP) family of both grapevine and soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean GmPIP1;6 expression fell five- to tenfold over 0.5-1 h and remained reduced while conductance was reduced.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Gene
- GmPIP1;6e0
- Outcome
- GmPIP1;6 expressione0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- five- to 10-folde0
- Qualifier
- over 0.5-1 he0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In soybean, there was a five- to 10-fold reduction in GmPIP1;6 expression over 0.5-1 h which was sustained over the period of reduced Lo”
The same questions in other papers
pruning · physiology: water · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
pruning · physiology: water · VitisPositive and negative results
3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.