Abstract
This study evaluated the effectiveness of applying the bioagents Bacillus subtilis (isolate BSM1), B. megaterium (isolate BMM5), Trichoderma viride (isolate TVM2) and T. harzianum (isolate THM4) for the control of rot root disease caused by Fusarium graminearum, Drechslera halodes and Rhizoctonia solani on two wheat cultivars ('Sakha 93' and 'Bani Suif 5') under greenhouse conditions. Moreover, their effect wheat growth and yield were also studied under field conditions. In vitro, all tested bioagents were significantly in the reduced redial growth of the pathogenic fungi. Trichoderma viride was active more than the other tested bioagents followed by T. harzianum, while B. subtilis was the least ones. Under greenhouse conditions, all tested bioagents were able to reduce significantly damping-off and root rot caused by the tested pathogens compared with control and increased fresh and dry weight of the survival plants when applied as soil or grain treatments however, there was variation among bioagent isolates effect on reduction of disease severity both application methods. Trichoderma viride and B. megaterium were recorded the highest effective in this respect compared with other tested bioagents. Under field conditions, analysis of variance and mean performance were estimated for four characters: grain yield 4.8 m-2, No. of spikes m-2, No. of kernels spike-1 and 1,000-kernel weight. Significant mean squares were obtained for all studied characters between the seasons (S), methods (M), (S) (M), treatments (T), (S) (T), (M) (T) and (S) (M) (T) for 'Sakha 93' cultivar and 'Bani Suif 5' cultivar except application methods and (S) (M) for number of kernels spike-1 and 1,000-kernel weight, respectively. While the treatments T. harzianum and B. megaterium were the best treatments to increase grain yield, the treatments B. subtilis and T. harzianum were best treatments to increase number of spikes and the treatments B. subtilis and B. megaterium were best treatments to increase number of kernels for soil and grain application methods, respectively.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Tested bioagents significantly reduced radial growth of pathogenic fungi in vitro.
- Taxon
- Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- all tested bioagentse0
- Outcome
- redial growth of the pathogenic fungie0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all tested bioagents were significantly in the reduced redial growth of the pathogenic fungi”
t0“Wheat”
t1“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Trichoderma viride was most active in vitro, followed by T. harzianum.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- Trichoderma viride
Trichoderma viridee0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- active moree0
- Direction
- active moree0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Trichoderma viride was active more than the other tested bioagents followed by T. harzianum”
t0“Wheat”
t1“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
B. subtilis was the least active bioagent in vitro.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- B. subtilis
Bacillus subtilise0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- leaste0
- Direction
- leaste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“B. subtilis was the least ones”
t0“Wheat”
t1“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Bioagents significantly reduced wheat damping-off and root rot under greenhouse conditions.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- all tested bioagentse0
- Interactor
- tested pathogense0pathogen
- Outcome
- damping-off and root rote0
- Direction
- reducee0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all tested bioagents were able to reduce significantly damping-off and root rot caused by the tested pathogens compared with control”
t0“Wheat”
t1“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Bioagent treatments increased fresh and dry weight of surviving wheat plants.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- soil or grain treatmentse0
- Outcome
- fresh and dry weight of the survival plantse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased fresh and dry weight of the survival plants when applied as soil or grain treatments”
t0“Wheat”
t1“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Trichoderma viride was among the most effective treatments against disease severity.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- Trichoderma virideTrichoderma viridee0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- highest effectivee0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- other tested bioagentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Trichoderma viride and B. megaterium were recorded the highest effective in this respect compared with other tested bioagents”
t0“Wheat”
t1“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
B. megaterium was among the most effective treatments against disease severity.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- B. megaterium
Priestia megateriume0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- highest effectivee0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- other tested bioagentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Trichoderma viride and B. megaterium were recorded the highest effective in this respect compared with other tested bioagents”
t0“Wheat”
t1“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Field analysis found significant effects for most studied characters and factors, with stated exceptions.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- 'Sakha 93' cultivar and 'Bani Suif 5' cultivare0
- Outcome
- Significant mean squarese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significant mean squares were obtained for all studied characters between the seasons (S), methods (M), (S) (M), treatments (T), (S) (T), (M) (T) and (S) (M) (T) for 'Sakha 93' cultivar and 'Bani Suif 5' cultivar except application methods and (S) (M) for number of kernels spike-1 and 1,000-kernel weight, respectively.”
t0“Wheat”
t1“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
T. harzianum was a best treatment to increase grain yield.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- T. harzianume0
- Interactor
- T. harzianum
Trichoderma harzianume0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the treatments T. harzianum and B. megaterium were the best treatments to increase grain yield”
t0“Wheat”
t1“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
B. megaterium was a best treatment to increase grain yield.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- B. megateriume0
- Interactor
- B. megateriumPriestia megateriume0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the treatments T. harzianum and B. megaterium were the best treatments to increase grain yield”
t0“Wheat”
t1“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
B. subtilis was a best treatment to increase spike number.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- B. subtilise0
- Interactor
- B. subtilisBacillus subtilise0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- number of spikese0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the treatments B. subtilis and T. harzianum were best treatments to increase number of spikes”
t0“Wheat”
t1“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
T. harzianum was a best treatment to increase spike number.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- T. harzianume0
- Interactor
- T. harzianumTrichoderma harzianume0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- number of spikese0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the treatments B. subtilis and T. harzianum were best treatments to increase number of spikes”
t0“Wheat”
t1“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
B. subtilis was a best soil treatment to increase kernels per spike.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- B. subtilise0
- Interactor
- B. subtilisBacillus subtilise0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- number of kernelse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- soile0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the treatments B. subtilis and B. megaterium were best treatments to increase number of kernels for soil and grain application methods, respectively”
t0“Wheat”
t1“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
B. megaterium was a best grain treatment to increase kernels per spike.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- B. megateriume0
- Interactor
- B. megateriumPriestia megateriume0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- number of kernelse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- grain application methodse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the treatments B. subtilis and B. megaterium were best treatments to increase number of kernels for soil and grain application methods, respectively”
t0“Wheat”
t1“Wheat”
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