Abstract
Effects of root zone temperature on growth, shoot water relations, and root water flow were studied in 1-year-old aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) seedlings. Seedlings were grown in solution culture and exposed to day/night air temperatures of 22/16 degrees C and solution culture temperatures of 5, 10, or 20 degrees C for 28 days after bud flush. Compared with root growth at 20 degrees C, root growth was completely inhibited at 5 degrees C and inhibited by 97% at 10 degrees C. The 5 and 10 degrees C treatments severely reduced shoot growth, leaf size, and total leaf area. Root water flow was inhibited by the 5 and 10 degrees C treatments. However, when seedlings were grown for 28 days at 5 degrees C and root water flow was measured at 20 degrees C, there was an increase in flow rate. This increase in root water flow was similar in magnitude to the decrease in root water flow observed when seedlings were grown for 28 days at 20 degrees C and root water flow was measured at 5 degrees C. Reduced root water flow of seedlings grown at 5 and 10 degrees C resulted in decreased stomatal conductance, net assimilation, and shoot water potentials. Root water flow was positively correlated with leaf size, total leaf area, shoot length, and new root growth. Transferring seedlings from 5 to 20 degrees C for 24 h significantly increased root water flow, shoot water potential, and net photosynthesis, whereas transferring seedlings from 10 to 20 degrees C resulted in only a slightly increased shoot water potential. Transferring seedlings from 20 to 5 degrees C greatly reduced root water flow, stomatal conductance, and net photosynthesis, whereas shoot water potential decreased only slightly.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
At 5 degrees C, aspen root growth was completely inhibited relative to 20 degrees C.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with root growth at 20 degrees C, root growth was completely inhibited at 5 degrees C”
e1“aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
At 10 degrees C, aspen root growth was inhibited by 97% relative to 20 degrees C.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with root growth at 20 degrees C, root growth was completely inhibited at 5 degrees C and inhibited by 97% at 10 degrees C”
e1“aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
The 5 and 10 degree C treatments reduced aspen shoot growth, leaf size and total leaf area.
- Taxon
- aspene1
- Treatment
- 5 and 10 degrees C treatmentse0
- Outcome
- shoot growth, leaf size, and total leaf areae0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The 5 and 10 degrees C treatments severely reduced shoot growth, leaf size, and total leaf area”
e1“aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
The 5 and 10 degree C treatments inhibited aspen root water flow.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Root water flow was inhibited by the 5 and 10 degrees C treatments”
e1“aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Aspen grown at 5 degrees C for 28 days showed increased root water flow when measured at 20 degrees C.
Verbatim
e0“when seedlings were grown for 28 days at 5 degrees C and root water flow was measured at 20 degrees C, there was an increase in flow rate”
e1“aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
The gain in flow from growing at 5 and measuring at 20 degrees C was similar to the loss from growing at 20 and measuring at 5 degrees C.
Verbatim
e0“This increase in root water flow was similar in magnitude to the decrease in root water flow observed when seedlings were grown for 28 days at 20 degrees C and root water flow was measured at 5 degrees C”
e1“aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced root flow in seedlings grown at 5 and 10 degrees C coincided with decreased stomatal conductance, net assimilation and shoot water potentials.
Verbatim
e0“Reduced root water flow of seedlings grown at 5 and 10 degrees C resulted in decreased stomatal conductance, net assimilation, and shoot water potentials”
e1“aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Root water flow correlated positively with aspen leaf size, total leaf area and shoot length.
Verbatim
e0“Root water flow was positively correlated with leaf size, total leaf area, shoot length, and new root growth”
e1“aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Root water flow correlated positively with new aspen root growth.
Verbatim
e0“Root water flow was positively correlated with leaf size, total leaf area, shoot length, and new root growth”
e1“aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Transfer from 5 to 20 degrees C for 24 hours increased root flow, shoot water potential and net photosynthesis.
- Taxon
- aspene1
- Treatment
- Transferring seedlings from 5 to 20 degrees C for 24 he0
- Outcome
- root water flow, shoot water potential, and net photosynthesise0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Transferring seedlings from 5 to 20 degrees C for 24 h significantly increased root water flow, shoot water potential, and net photosynthesis”
e1“aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Transfer from 10 to 20 degrees C slightly increased shoot water potential.
- Taxon
- aspene1
- Treatment
- transferring seedlings from 10 to 20 degrees Ce0
- Outcome
- shoot water potentiale0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“transferring seedlings from 10 to 20 degrees C resulted in only a slightly increased shoot water potential”
e1“aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Transfer from 20 to 5 degrees C greatly reduced root flow, stomatal conductance and net photosynthesis.
- Taxon
- aspene1
- Treatment
- Transferring seedlings from 20 to 5 degrees Ce0
- Outcome
- root water flow, stomatal conductance, and net photosynthesise0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Transferring seedlings from 20 to 5 degrees C greatly reduced root water flow, stomatal conductance, and net photosynthesis”
e1“aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Transfer from 20 to 5 degrees C slightly decreased shoot water potential.
- Taxon
- aspene1
- Treatment
- Transferring seedlings from 20 to 5 degrees Ce0
- Outcome
- shoot water potentiale0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Transferring seedlings from 20 to 5 degrees C greatly reduced root water flow, stomatal conductance, and net photosynthesis, whereas shoot water potential decreased only slightly”
e1“aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) seedlings”