Abstract
Barley (Hordeum vulgare), which tolerates iron (Fe) deficiency, secretes a large amount of phytosiderophores from its roots. However, how barley is able to allocate resources for phytosiderophore synthesis when the carbon assimilation rate is reduced by Fe deficiency is unknown. We previously suggested that the acceleration of senescence in older leaves triggered by Fe deficiency may allow the recycling of assimilates to contribute to phytosiderophore synthesis. In this work, we show the relationship between an increase in the C/N ratio in older leaves and Fe-deficiency tolerance among three barley cultivars. The increase in the C/N ratio suggests an enhanced capacity for the retranslocation of carbohydrates or amino acids from older leaves to the sink organs. An increase in the sucrose concentration in Fe-deficient barley also suggests active redistribution of assimilates. This metabolic modulation may be supported by accelerated senescence of older leaves, as Fe deficiency increased the expression of senescence-associated genes. The older leaves of Fe-deficient barley maintained CO2 assimilation under Fe deficiency. Barley that had been Fe-deficient for 3 days preferentially allocated newly assimilated (13) C to the roots and nutrient solution. Interestingly, the oldest leaf of Fe-deficient barley released more (13) C into the nutrient solution than the second oldest leaf. Thus, the balance between anabolism and catabolism in older leaves, supported by highly regulated senescence, plays a key role in metabolic adaptation in Fe-deficient barley.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
The C/N ratio in older leaves increased with Fe-deficiency tolerance among three barley cultivars.
- Taxon
- Barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaree0 - Material
- three barley cultivarse1
- Organ / stage
- older leavese1
- Outcome
- C/N ratioe1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Qualifier
- Fe-deficiency tolerancee1
Not reportedGeneCompoundInteractorInteractor roleSecond interactorSecond interactor roleTreatmentComparatorSettingValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Barley (Hordeum vulgare)”
e1“the relationship between an increase in the C/N ratio in older leaves and Fe-deficiency tolerance among three barley cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Fe deficiency increased the expression of senescence-associated genes in older leaves of barley.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Organ / stage
- older leavese2
- Treatment
- Fe deficiencye2
- Outcome
- expression of senescence-associated genese2
- Direction
- increasede2
Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundInteractorInteractor roleSecond interactorSecond interactor roleComparatorSettingValueQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Barley (Hordeum vulgare)”
e2“accelerated senescence of older leaves, as Fe deficiency increased the expression of senescence-associated genes”
Claim · model-written summary
Fe-deficient barley showed an increase in sucrose concentration.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- Fe-deficiente3
- Outcome
- sucrose concentratione3
- Direction
- increasee3
Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleSecond interactorSecond interactor roleComparatorSettingValueQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Barley (Hordeum vulgare)”
e3“An increase in the sucrose concentration in Fe-deficient barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Older leaves of Fe-deficient barley maintained CO2 assimilation under Fe deficiency.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Organ / stage
- older leavese4
- Treatment
- Fe deficiencye4
- Outcome
- CO2 assimilatione4
- Direction
- maintainede4
Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundInteractorInteractor roleSecond interactorSecond interactor roleComparatorSettingValueQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Barley (Hordeum vulgare)”
e4“The older leaves of Fe-deficient barley maintained CO2 assimilation under Fe deficiency”
Claim · model-written summary
Fe-deficient barley preferentially allocated newly assimilated (13) C to the roots and nutrient solution.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Organ / stage
- roots and nutrient solutione5
- Treatment
- Fe-deficient for 3 dayse5
- Outcome
- newly assimilated (13) Ce5
- Direction
- preferentially allocatede5
Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundInteractorInteractor roleSecond interactorSecond interactor roleComparatorSettingValueQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Barley (Hordeum vulgare)”
e5“Barley that had been Fe-deficient for 3 days preferentially allocated newly assimilated (13) C to the roots and nutrient solution”
Claim · model-written summary
The oldest leaf of Fe-deficient barley released more (13) C into the nutrient solution than the second oldest leaf.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Organ / stage
- oldest leafe6
- Treatment
- Fe-deficiente6
- Outcome
- (13) C into the nutrient solutione6
- Direction
- moree6
- Comparator
- second oldest leafe6
Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundInteractorInteractor roleSecond interactorSecond interactor roleSettingValueQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Barley (Hordeum vulgare)”
e6“the oldest leaf of Fe-deficient barley released more (13) C into the nutrient solution than the second oldest leaf”
Claim · model-written summary
Balance between anabolism and catabolism in older leaves plays a key role in metabolic adaptation of Fe-deficient barley.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Outcome
- metabolic adaptatione7
- Qualifier
- the balance between anabolism and catabolism in older leavese7
Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleSecond interactorSecond interactor roleTreatmentComparatorSettingDirectionValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Barley (Hordeum vulgare)”
e7“the balance between anabolism and catabolism in older leaves, supported by highly regulated senescence, plays a key role in metabolic adaptation in Fe-deficient barley”
The same questions in other papers
iron atom · physiology: photosynthesis · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
This paper is about lacking the nutrient, so it counts the other way round here.
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.