Abstract
Abstract Reports relating the separate and combined influences of soil aeration, nitrogen and saline stresses on the germination, growth and ion accumulation in sunflowers are lacking in the literature. The sunflowers of this report were grown in sand culture in the greenhouse. Separate and combined treatments of two levels of aeration, three levels of nitrogen and three levels of NaCl were applied to plants which were harvested at 40 and 56 days. Seed germination was excellent in all treatments. Plant height and dry weight decreased with each type of stress. Low oxygen (0.20 μg O2 cm‐2 min‐1) and nitrogen (10 ppm) combined with 70 meq/1 NaCl caused the greatest reduction of plant growth. Leaf number was reduced by low nitrogen and excess salt. Low oxygen reduced the accumulation of K, Ca and Mg and increased the Na and N‐NO3 content of sunflower leaves. Potassium to sodium ratios in plant on sunflower growth could be partially ameliorated with the tissue were decreased by greater EC values of the nutrient solution and low soil ODR. The adverse effects of salt and oxygen stresses addition of nitrogen. Ion accumulation was an earlier indicator of plant stress than plant growth and both parameters provided excellent methods for assessing plant tolerance to soil aeration, nitrogen and saline stresses.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Low oxygen combined with low nitrogen and 70 meq/1 NaCl caused the greatest reduction of sunflower growth.
- Taxon
- sunflower
Helianthus annuust0 - Treatment
- Low oxygen (0.20 μg O2 cm‐2 min‐1) and nitrogen (10 ppm) combined with 70 meq/1 NaCle1
- Outcome
- plant growthe1
- Direction
- greatest reductione1
- Setting
- sand culture in the greenhousee3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)”
e1“Low oxygen (0.20 μg O2 cm‐2 min‐1) and nitrogen (10 ppm) combined with 70 meq/1 NaCl caused the greatest reduction of plant growth”
e3“The sunflowers of this report were grown in sand culture in the greenhouse”
Claim · model-written summary
Sunflower plant height and dry weight decreased with each type of stress.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- each type of stresse4
- Outcome
- Plant height and dry weighte4
- Direction
- decreasede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)”
e4“Plant height and dry weight decreased with each type of stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Low nitrogen and excess salt reduced sunflower leaf number.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- low nitrogen and excess salte5
- Outcome
- Leaf numbere5
- Direction
- reducede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)”
e5“Leaf number was reduced by low nitrogen and excess salt”
Claim · model-written summary
Low oxygen reduced the accumulation of K, Ca and Mg in sunflower leaves.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse6
- Organ / stage
- leavese6
- Treatment
- Low oxygene6
- Outcome
- accumulation of K, Ca and Mge6
- Direction
- reducede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Low oxygen reduced the accumulation of K, Ca and Mg and increased the Na and N‐NO3 content of sunflower leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Low oxygen increased the Na and N‐NO3 content of sunflower leaves.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse6
- Organ / stage
- leavese6
- Treatment
- Low oxygene6
- Outcome
- Na and N‐NO3 contente6
- Direction
- increasede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Low oxygen reduced the accumulation of K, Ca and Mg and increased the Na and N‐NO3 content of sunflower leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium to sodium ratios in sunflower decreased with greater EC values of the nutrient solution and low soil ODR.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- greater EC values of the nutrient solutione7
- Outcome
- Potassium to sodium ratiose7
- Direction
- decreasede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Schema note from the model: Abstract sentence is interleaved with other text; the K:Na result is read from the garbled sentence.
Verbatim
t0“sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)”
e7“Potassium to sodium ratios in plant on sunflower growth could be partially ameliorated with the tissue were decreased by greater EC values of the nutrient solution and low soil ODR”
Claim · model-written summary
Ion accumulation is an earlier indicator of sunflower stress than plant growth.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Outcome
- Ion accumulatione0
- Comparator
- plant growthe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)”
e0“Ion accumulation was an earlier indicator of plant stress than plant growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed germination of sunflower was excellent in all treatments.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Outcome
- Seed germinatione2
- Value
- excellente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)”
e2“Seed germination was excellent in all treatments”
The same questions in other papers
nitrogen · growth · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results differ
12 papers in the same direction as this paper · 63 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
72 papers more in this group
See all 76 papers →fertilization · nutrient: content · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Positive and negative results
6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 64 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
67 papers more in this group
See all 71 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.