Abstract
Pullulanase (EC 3.2.1.41) in non-germinating seeds was compared with that in germinating seeds. Moreover, pullulanase from the endosperm of rice (Oryza sativa L., cv. Hinohikari) seeds was isolated and its properties investigated. The pI value of pullulanase from seeds after 8 days of germination was almost equal to that from non-germinating seeds, which shows that these two enzymes are the same protein. Therefore, the same pullulanase may play roles in both starch synthesis during ripening and starch degradation during germination in rice seeds. The enzyme was isolated by a procedure that included ammonium sulfate fractionation, DEAE-cellulofine column chromatography, preparative isoelectric focusing, and preparative disc gel electrophoresis. The enzyme was homogeneous by SDS/PAGE. The molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated to be 100 000 based on its mobility on SDS/PAGE and 105 000 based on gel filtration with TSKgel super SW 3000, which showed that it was composed of a single unit. The isoelectric point of the enzyme was 4.7. The enzyme was strongly inhibited by beta-cyclodextrin. The enzyme was not activated by thiol reagents such as dithiothreitol, 2-mercaptoethanol or glutathione. The enzyme most preferably hydrolyzed pullulan and liberated only maltotriose. The pullulan hydrolysis was strongly inhibited by the substrate at a concentration higher than 0.1%. The degree of inhibition increased with an increase in the concentration of pullulan. However, the enzyme hydrolyzed amylopectin, soluble starch and beta-limit dextrin more rapidly as their concentrations increased. The enzyme exhibited alpha-glucosyltransfer activity and produced an alpha-1,6-linked compound of two maltotriose molecules from pullulan.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
The pI of pullulanase from seeds after 8 days of germination was almost equal to that from non-germinating seeds.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- 8 days of germinatione2
- Outcome
- pI value of pullulanasee2
- Direction
- almost equale2
- Comparator
- non-germinating seedse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pullulanase from rice endosperm”
e2“The pI value of pullulanase from seeds after 8 days of germination was almost equal to that from non-germinating seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
The same pullulanase may play roles in starch synthesis during ripening and in starch degradation during germination in rice seeds.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Gene
- pullulanasee4
- Outcome
- starch synthesis during ripening and starch degradation during germinatione4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pullulanase from rice endosperm”
e4“Therefore, the same pullulanase may play roles in both starch synthesis during ripening and starch degradation during germination in rice seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
The molecular weight of the enzyme was 100 000 based on SDS/PAGE mobility.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- molecular weight of the enzymee5
- Value
- 100 000e5
- Qualifier
- based on its mobility on SDS/PAGEe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pullulanase from rice endosperm”
e5“The molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated to be 100 000 based on its mobility on SDS/PAGE and 105 000 based on gel filtration with TSKgel super SW 3000”
Claim · model-written summary
The molecular weight of the enzyme was 105 000 based on gel filtration.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- molecular weight of the enzymee5
- Value
- 105 000e5
- Qualifier
- based on gel filtration with TSKgel super SW 3000e5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pullulanase from rice endosperm”
e5“The molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated to be 100 000 based on its mobility on SDS/PAGE and 105 000 based on gel filtration with TSKgel super SW 3000”
Claim · model-written summary
The enzyme is composed of a single unit.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- composed of a single unite7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pullulanase from rice endosperm”
e7“which showed that it was composed of a single unit”
Claim · model-written summary
The isoelectric point of the enzyme was 4.7.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- isoelectric point of the enzymee1
- Value
- 4.7e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pullulanase from rice endosperm”
e1“The isoelectric point of the enzyme was 4.7”
Claim · model-written summary
beta-Cyclodextrin strongly inhibited the enzyme.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- beta-cyclodextrine1
- Outcome
- enzymee1
- Direction
- strongly inhibitede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pullulanase from rice endosperm”
e1“The enzyme was strongly inhibited by beta-cyclodextrin”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiol reagents did not activate the enzyme.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- thiol reagents such as dithiothreitol, 2-mercaptoethanol or glutathionee1
- Outcome
- enzymee1
- Direction
- not activatede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pullulanase from rice endosperm”
e1“The enzyme was not activated by thiol reagents such as dithiothreitol, 2-mercaptoethanol or glutathione”
Claim · model-written summary
The enzyme most preferably hydrolyzed pullulan.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- most preferably hydrolyzed pullulane1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pullulanase from rice endosperm”
e1“The enzyme most preferably hydrolyzed pullulan and liberated only maltotriose”
Claim · model-written summary
The enzyme liberated only maltotriose from pullulan.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Compound
- maltotriosee1
- Outcome
- liberated only maltotriosee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pullulanase from rice endosperm”
e1“The enzyme most preferably hydrolyzed pullulan and liberated only maltotriose”
Claim · model-written summary
Pullulan hydrolysis was strongly inhibited by the substrate at a concentration higher than 0.1%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- substrate at a concentration higher than 0.1%e1
- Outcome
- pullulan hydrolysise1
- Direction
- strongly inhibitede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pullulanase from rice endosperm”
e1“The pullulan hydrolysis was strongly inhibited by the substrate at a concentration higher than 0.1%”
Claim · model-written summary
The degree of inhibition increased with pullulan concentration.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- concentration of pullulane1
- Outcome
- degree of inhibitione1
- Direction
- increasede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pullulanase from rice endosperm”
e1“The degree of inhibition increased with an increase in the concentration of pullulan”
Claim · model-written summary
The enzyme hydrolyzed amylopectin, soluble starch and beta-limit dextrin more rapidly as their concentrations increased.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- their concentrations increasede1
- Outcome
- hydrolyzed amylopectin, soluble starch and beta-limit dextrine1
- Direction
- more rapidlye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pullulanase from rice endosperm”
e1“the enzyme hydrolyzed amylopectin, soluble starch and beta-limit dextrin more rapidly as their concentrations increased”
Claim · model-written summary
The enzyme exhibited alpha-glucosyltransfer activity.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- alpha-glucosyltransfer activitye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pullulanase from rice endosperm”
e1“The enzyme exhibited alpha-glucosyltransfer activity”
Claim · model-written summary
The enzyme produced an alpha-1,6-linked compound of two maltotriose molecules from pullulan.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Compound
- maltotriosee1
- Outcome
- alpha-1,6-linked compound of two maltotriose moleculese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pullulanase from rice endosperm”
e1“produced an alpha-1,6-linked compound of two maltotriose molecules from pullulan”
The same questions in other papers
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2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →reagent · physiology: enzyme activity · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.