Abstract
Cost reduction and an increased efficiency in the utilization of nutrients are essential for establishing agricultural systems in the tropics. The combined effects of calcined Al phosphate (ALP) and leucaena prunings (L) on the agronomic efficiency and on the efficiency of physiological use of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in maize were assessed. The treatments consisted of 160 kg ha− 1 of P2O5 from ALP and 100 kg ha− 1 of N from urea (ALP+U); 160 kg ha− 1 of P2O5 from ALP and 6 Mg ha− 1 of L (ALP+L); 160 kg ha− 1 of P2O5 from single superphosphate (SSP) and 100 kg ha− 1 of N from U (SSP+U); 160 kg ha− 1 of P2O5 from SSP and 6 Mg ha− 1of L (SSP+L); and a control without fertilization. The decreasing order of effectiveness among treatments was SSP+L > ALP+L > SSP+U > ALP+U > control. Both leucaena–phosphate combinations had beneficial effects on the growth of the maize, the N and P recovery, and the agronomic efficiencies. Both ear weight and grain weight were higher under the SSP+L treatment than under the SSP+U treatment and higher under the ALP+L treatment than under the ALP+U treatment. The low N and P agronomic efficiency in maize grown under the ALP+U treatment made the combined use of these fertilizers undesirable. The satisfactory efficiency of grain production shown by the maize grown under ALP+L indicated that this treatment could replace processed fertilizers for use in agrosystems management in the tropics.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment effectiveness ranked SSP+L, ALP+L, SSP+U, ALP+U and control.
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The decreasing order of effectiveness among treatments was SSP+L > ALP+L > SSP+U > ALP+U > control.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Both leucaena-phosphate combinations benefited maize growth.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both leucaena–phosphate combinations had beneficial effects on the growth of the maize, the N and P recovery, and the agronomic efficiencies.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Both leucaena-phosphate combinations benefited maize N and P recovery.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both leucaena–phosphate combinations had beneficial effects on the growth of the maize, the N and P recovery, and the agronomic efficiencies.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Both leucaena-phosphate combinations benefited agronomic efficiencies.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both leucaena–phosphate combinations had beneficial effects on the growth of the maize, the N and P recovery, and the agronomic efficiencies.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
SSP+L raised ear and grain weight relative to SSP+U.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both ear weight and grain weight were higher under the SSP+L treatment than under the SSP+U treatment”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
ALP+L raised ear and grain weight relative to ALP+U.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both ear weight and grain weight were higher under the SSP+L treatment than under the SSP+U treatment and higher under the ALP+L treatment than under the ALP+U treatment.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Low N and P agronomic efficiency under ALP+U made this fertilizer combination undesirable.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The low N and P agronomic efficiency in maize grown under the ALP+U treatment made the combined use of these fertilizers undesirable.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors suggested ALP+L could replace processed fertilizers in tropical agrosystems.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The satisfactory efficiency of grain production shown by the maize grown under ALP+L indicated that this treatment could replace processed fertilizers for use in agrosystems management in the tropics.”
t0“maize”
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