Paper · 1975 · PLANT PHYSIOLOGY

Effects of Red Light on the Growth of Intact Wheat and Barley Coleoptiles

Verna R. Lawson; Robert L. Weintraub

11
claims
22
verbatim quotes
19
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by

Abstract

The final lengths of intact dark-grown coleoptiles vary with species and cultivar. The growth distribution pattern in the apical 25-mm growing zone and the absolute amount of growth in each zone depend on the age and species of the coleoptile. A comparative study of several cultivars of wheat, Triticum vulgare, and barley, Hordeum vulgare, indicates that the growth distribution pattern in 30- to 38-mm coleoptiles varies with the species and cultivar. In barley, there are two patterns of growth distribution among the several cultivars, whereas in wheat, all cultivars exhibit a common zonal growth pattern. The total growth of coleoptiles, initially 30 to 38 mm in length, during a 24-hour dark incubation period is the same in dark-grown coleoptiles as in those irradiated with 3 minutes of red (660 nm) light prior to the incubation period. The growth distribution pattern in the growing zone of this 30- to 38-mm coleoptile is, however, altered by red light. Growth of the apical 5-mm zone is stimulated by red light and the zonal growth 5 to 10 mm below the apex is only slightly affected, whereas growth in the zones 10 to 15 to 20, and 20 to 25 mm below the apex is inhibited. This growth distribution pattern in irradiated coleoptiles changes as the coleoptile increases in length. The response of a zone following exposure to red light is dependent upon the age of the seedlings irradiated. The over-all effect of red light on growth of the intact coleoptile varies with the length of the coleoptile. In young seedling 20 to 29 mm in length, the cells of the coleoptile can compensate for the effects of red light, with the over-all growth of the dark-grown and irradiated coleoptile about the same. As the seedling grows older, the cells of the coleoptile can no longer make up for the effects of red light, and the over-all effect changes from compensation to pronounced inhibition.

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Claims 11

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Growth distribution pattern in the apical 25-mm growing zone and absolute growth per zone depend on coleoptile age and species.

Organ / stage
apical 25-mm growing zonee1
Outcome
growth distribution patterne1
Qualifier
depend on the age and speciese1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Hordeum vulgare
Hordeum vulgare · TaxonJackyM59 · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Effects of Red Light on the Growth of Intact Wheat and Barley Coleoptiles”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–73 · show in text ↑
e1

“The growth distribution pattern in the apical 25-mm growing zone and the absolute amount of growth in each zone depend on the age and species of the coleoptile”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 83–242 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

In barley, two growth distribution patterns occur among the several cultivars.

Material
several cultivarse2
Outcome
growth distributione2
Qualifier
two patternse2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Hordeum vulgare
Hordeum vulgare · TaxonJackyM59 · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e2

“In barley, there are two patterns of growth distribution among the several cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 455–539 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

In wheat, all cultivars showed a common zonal growth pattern.

Material
all cultivarse3
Outcome
zonal growth patterne3

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e3

“in wheat, all cultivars exhibit a common zonal growth pattern”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 549–610 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Red light irradiation for 3 minutes did not change total growth of 30 to 38 mm coleoptiles during a 24-hour dark incubation compared with dark-grown coleoptiles.

Organ / stage
coleoptilese4
Treatment
3 minutes of red (660 nm) lighte4
Outcome
total growthe4
Direction
is the samee4
Qualifier
24-hour dark incubation periode4
Comparator
dark-grown coleoptilese4

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Hordeum vulgare
Hordeum vulgare · TaxonJackyM59 · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Effects of Red Light on the Growth of Intact Wheat and Barley Coleoptiles”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–73 · show in text ↑
e4

“The total growth of coleoptiles, initially 30 to 38 mm in length, during a 24-hour dark incubation period is the same in dark-grown coleoptiles as in those irradiated with 3 minutes of red (660 nm) light”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 612–815 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Red light stimulated growth of the apical 5-mm zone.

Organ / stage
apical 5-mm zonee5
Treatment
red lighte5
Outcome
Growth of the apical 5-mm zonee5
Direction
is stimulatede5

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Hordeum vulgare
Hordeum vulgare · TaxonJackyM59 · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Effects of Red Light on the Growth of Intact Wheat and Barley Coleoptiles”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–73 · show in text ↑
e5

“Growth of the apical 5-mm zone is stimulated by red light”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 967–1024 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Red light only slightly affected zonal growth 5 to 10 mm below the apex.

Treatment
red lighte5
Outcome
zonal growth 5 to 10 mm below the apexe6
Direction
only slightly affectede6

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Hordeum vulgare
Hordeum vulgare · TaxonJackyM59 · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Effects of Red Light on the Growth of Intact Wheat and Barley Coleoptiles”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–73 · show in text ↑
e6

“the zonal growth 5 to 10 mm below the apex is only slightly affected”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1029–1097 · show in text ↑
e5

“Growth of the apical 5-mm zone is stimulated by red light”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 967–1024 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Red light inhibited growth in the zones 10 to 15 to 20 and 20 to 25 mm below the apex.

Treatment
red lighte5
Outcome
growth in the zones 10 to 15 to 20, and 20 to 25 mm below the apexe7
Direction
is inhibitede7

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Hordeum vulgare
Hordeum vulgare · TaxonJackyM59 · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Effects of Red Light on the Growth of Intact Wheat and Barley Coleoptiles”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–73 · show in text ↑
e7

“growth in the zones 10 to 15 to 20, and 20 to 25 mm below the apex is inhibited”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1107–1186 · show in text ↑
e5

“Growth of the apical 5-mm zone is stimulated by red light”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 967–1024 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The growth distribution pattern in irradiated coleoptiles changes as the coleoptile lengthens.

Outcome
growth distribution pattern in irradiated coleoptilese0
Qualifier
changes as the coleoptile increases in lengthe0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Hordeum vulgare
Hordeum vulgare · TaxonJackyM59 · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Effects of Red Light on the Growth of Intact Wheat and Barley Coleoptiles”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–73 · show in text ↑
e0

“This growth distribution pattern in irradiated coleoptiles changes as the coleoptile increases in length”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1188–1292 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The zonal response to red light depends on the age of the seedlings irradiated.

Outcome
response of a zone following exposure to red lighte0
Qualifier
dependent upon the age of the seedlings irradiatede0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Hordeum vulgare
Hordeum vulgare · TaxonJackyM59 · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Effects of Red Light on the Growth of Intact Wheat and Barley Coleoptiles”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–73 · show in text ↑
e0

“The response of a zone following exposure to red light is dependent upon the age of the seedlings irradiated”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1294–1402 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

In 20 to 29 mm seedlings, red light and dark-grown coleoptiles have about the same over-all growth because the cells compensate.

Organ / stage
coleoptilee0
Treatment
red lighte0
Outcome
over-all growthe0
Direction
about the samee0
Qualifier
young seedling 20 to 29 mm in lengthe0
Comparator
dark-growne0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Hordeum vulgare
Hordeum vulgare · TaxonJackyM59 · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Effects of Red Light on the Growth of Intact Wheat and Barley Coleoptiles”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–73 · show in text ↑
e0

“In young seedling 20 to 29 mm in length, the cells of the coleoptile can compensate for the effects of red light, with the over-all growth of the dark-grown and irradiated coleoptile about the same”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1514–1711 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

In older seedlings, the over-all effect of red light changes from compensation to pronounced inhibition.

Organ / stage
coleoptilee0
Treatment
red lighte0
Outcome
over-all effecte0
Direction
changes from compensation to pronounced inhibitione0
Qualifier
As the seedling grows oldere0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Hordeum vulgare
Hordeum vulgare · TaxonJackyM59 · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Effects of Red Light on the Growth of Intact Wheat and Barley Coleoptiles”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–73 · show in text ↑
e0

“As the seedling grows older, the cells of the coleoptile can no longer make up for the effects of red light, and the over-all effect changes from compensation to pronounced inhibition”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1713–1896 · show in text ↑

light · growth · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Positive and negative results

37 papers: 23 positive, 14 negative or no effect

13 papers in the same direction as this paper · 23 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

33 papers more in this group

See all 37 papers →

light · growth · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

85 papers: 46 positive, 39 negative or no effect

38 papers in the same direction as this paper · 46 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. no effect

81 papers more in this group

See all 85 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.