Abstract
Root hairs substantially increase the surface area of plant roots with positive effects for phosphorus (P) uptake, but the ability of peanuts to form root hairs has been questioned. The aim was to examine hair development on roots and gynophores of a variety of peanut genotypes and to relate genotypic differences in hair formation to differences in P uptake. Five out of eighteen genotypes completely lacked hairs on both organs whereas others consistently developed hairs on roots and gynophores, although with considerable variation in hair density. The ability to form root hairs as well as root hair density concurred with the presence and density of hairs on gynophores, suggesting a possible connection between both developmental processes. The contribution of root hairs to P uptake was studied in three genotypes differing in hair density. The final amount of P taken up by roots did not differ between genotypes but two distinct P uptake strategies could be identified. The genotype lacking root hairs maintained P uptake due to the development of a large root system whereas densely covered roots of genotype 'Wasedairyu' were three times as efficient in extracting P from a P-deficient soil. Furthermore P uptake through gynophores contributed about 20% to the total P uptake of Wasedairyu but only insignificant amounts to other genotypes. The ability to form hairs on roots and gynophores can therefore be seen as an adaptation to low P availability and if combined with a large root system, could substantially increase the tolerance of peanuts to P deficiency.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Five of eighteen peanut genotypes lacked hairs on roots and gynophores.
- Taxon
- peanuts
Arachis hypogaeat0 - Outcome
- completely lacked hairs on both organse0
- Value
- Five out of eighteene0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Five out of eighteen genotypes completely lacked hairs on both organs”
t0“peanuts”
Claim · model-written summary
Other peanut genotypes consistently formed hairs on roots and gynophores, with variable density.
- Taxon
- peanutsArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- developed hairs on roots and gynophorese0
- Qualifier
- considerable variation in hair densitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“others consistently developed hairs on roots and gynophores, although with considerable variation in hair density.”
t0“peanuts”
Claim · model-written summary
Root hair formation and density concurred with gynophore hair presence and density.
- Taxon
- peanutsArachis hypogaeat0
- Organ / stage
- gynophorese0
- Outcome
- root hair densitye0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The ability to form root hairs as well as root hair density concurred with the presence and density of hairs on gynophores”
t0“peanuts”
Claim · model-written summary
Final root P uptake did not differ across the three genotypes.
- Taxon
- peanutsArachis hypogaeat0
- Material
- genotypese0
- Outcome
- final amount of P taken up by rootse0
- Direction
- did not differe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The final amount of P taken up by roots did not differ between genotypes”
t0“peanuts”
Claim · model-written summary
Two distinct P uptake strategies were identified.
- Taxon
- peanutsArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- two distinct P uptake strategiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two distinct P uptake strategies could be identified.”
t0“peanuts”
Claim · model-written summary
The hairless genotype maintained P uptake by developing a large root system.
- Taxon
- peanutsArachis hypogaeat0
- Material
- genotype lacking root hairse0
- Outcome
- maintained P uptakee0
- Qualifier
- development of a large root systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The genotype lacking root hairs maintained P uptake due to the development of a large root system”
t0“peanuts”
Claim · model-written summary
Wasedairyu roots extracted P three times as efficiently from P-deficient soil.
- Taxon
- peanutsArachis hypogaeat0
- Material
- Wasedairyue0
- Outcome
- extracting Pe0
- Direction
- three times as efficiente0
- Value
- three timese0
- Qualifier
- P-deficient soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“densely covered roots of genotype 'Wasedairyu' were three times as efficient in extracting P from a P-deficient soil”
t0“peanuts”
Claim · model-written summary
Gynophores contributed about 20% of Wasedairyu total P uptake.
- Taxon
- peanutsArachis hypogaeat0
- Material
- Wasedairyue0
- Organ / stage
- gynophorese0
- Outcome
- total P uptakee0
- Value
- 20%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“P uptake through gynophores contributed about 20% to the total P uptake of Wasedairyu”
t0“peanuts”
Claim · model-written summary
Gynophore P uptake contributed insignificant amounts in other genotypes.
- Taxon
- peanutsArachis hypogaeat0
- Material
- other genotypese0
- Outcome
- insignificant amountse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“only insignificant amounts to other genotypes.”
t0“peanuts”
Claim · model-written summary
Hair formation on roots and gynophores was interpreted as an adaptation to low P availability.
- Taxon
- peanutsArachis hypogaeat0
- Organ / stage
- roots and gynophorese0
- Outcome
- adaptation to low P availabilitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The ability to form hairs on roots and gynophores can therefore be seen as an adaptation to low P availability”
t0“peanuts”
Claim · model-written summary
Combining hair formation with a large root system could substantially improve peanut tolerance to P deficiency.
- Taxon
- peanutsArachis hypogaeae0
- Outcome
- tolerance of peanuts to P deficiencye0
- Qualifier
- combined with a large root systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“if combined with a large root system, could substantially increase the tolerance of peanuts to P deficiency.”