Abstract
The effect of time of sowing on the yield of 15 wheat cultivars grown under irrigation was examined at Narrabri, N.S.W. Sowing dates, which ranged from mid-April to mid-August, encompassed the period of sowing normally found with commercial crops. The length of the pre-anthesis period was affected by both temperature and photoperiod. There was evidence of a vernalization requirement for some of the winter and midseason cultivars, but, overall, photoperiod was the more important environmental factor determining pre-anthesis development. Each day's delay in sowing caused a delay of between 0.48 and 0.75 days in anthesis; the delays observed for spring wheats were generally greater than those reported for dryland wheat in eastern Australia. Winter cultivars generally did not show an optimum sowing or anthesis date. For spring cultivars, the optimum time of sowing was early June (range of about 3 weeks), while the optimum anthesis date was the last week of September (range of 1 week). Grain yields of spring cultivars were reduced by 6 and 16% per week's delay in sowing and anthesis respectively. Despite a non-limiting water supply, yields at late plantings were low, which was largely the result of hastened crop development and high temperatures during grain-filling. The environmental factors which determined the optimum sowing and anthesis dates were the incidence of early spring frosts and high spring temperatures. If frosts were not a factor at Narrabri, the optimum time of flowering would be 6-8 weeks earlier than the present optimum.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Each day of sowing delay delayed anthesis by 0.48 to 0.75 days.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- delay in sowinge1
- Outcome
- anthesise1
- Direction
- delaye1
- Value
- between 0.48 and 0.75 dayse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on the yield of 15 wheat cultivars grown under irrigation was examined at Narrabri, N.S.W.”
e1“Each day's delay in sowing caused a delay of between 0.48 and 0.75 days in anthesis”
Claim · model-written summary
Photoperiod was a more important environmental factor than temperature in determining pre-anthesis development.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- photoperiode2
- Outcome
- pre-anthesis developmente2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on the yield of 15 wheat cultivars grown under irrigation was examined at Narrabri, N.S.W.”
e2“photoperiod was the more important environmental factor determining pre-anthesis development”
Claim · model-written summary
Some winter and midseason cultivars had a vernalization requirement.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- winter and midseason cultivarse3
- Outcome
- vernalization requiremente3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on the yield of 15 wheat cultivars grown under irrigation was examined at Narrabri, N.S.W.”
e3“There was evidence of a vernalization requirement for some of the winter and midseason cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Winter cultivars generally did not show an optimum sowing or anthesis date.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- Winter cultivarse4
- Outcome
- optimum sowing or anthesis datee4
- Qualifier
- generallye4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on the yield of 15 wheat cultivars grown under irrigation was examined at Narrabri, N.S.W.”
e4“Winter cultivars generally did not show an optimum sowing or anthesis date”
Claim · model-written summary
For spring cultivars the optimum sowing time was early June.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- spring cultivarse5
- Outcome
- optimum time of sowinge5
- Value
- early Junee5
- Qualifier
- range of about 3 weekse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on the yield of 15 wheat cultivars grown under irrigation was examined at Narrabri, N.S.W.”
e5“For spring cultivars, the optimum time of sowing was early June (range of about 3 weeks)”
Claim · model-written summary
For spring cultivars the optimum anthesis date was the last week of September.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- spring cultivarse5
- Outcome
- optimum anthesis datee6
- Value
- last week of Septembere6
- Qualifier
- range of 1 weeke6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on the yield of 15 wheat cultivars grown under irrigation was examined at Narrabri, N.S.W.”
e5“For spring cultivars, the optimum time of sowing was early June (range of about 3 weeks)”
e6“the optimum anthesis date was the last week of September (range of 1 week)”
Claim · model-written summary
Each week of sowing delay reduced spring-cultivar grain yield by 6%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- spring cultivarse7
- Treatment
- delay in sowinge7
- Outcome
- Grain yieldse7
- Direction
- reducede7
- Value
- 6e7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on the yield of 15 wheat cultivars grown under irrigation was examined at Narrabri, N.S.W.”
e7“Grain yields of spring cultivars were reduced by 6 and 16% per week's delay in sowing and anthesis respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Each week of anthesis delay reduced spring-cultivar grain yield by 16%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- spring cultivarse7
- Treatment
- anthesise7
- Outcome
- Grain yieldse7
- Direction
- reducede7
- Value
- 16%e7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on the yield of 15 wheat cultivars grown under irrigation was examined at Narrabri, N.S.W.”
e7“Grain yields of spring cultivars were reduced by 6 and 16% per week's delay in sowing and anthesis respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Yields at late plantings were low despite a non-limiting water supply.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- late plantingse7
- Outcome
- yieldse7
- Direction
- lowe7
- Qualifier
- Despite a non-limiting water supplye7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on the yield of 15 wheat cultivars grown under irrigation was examined at Narrabri, N.S.W.”
e7“Despite a non-limiting water supply, yields at late plantings were low, which was largely the result of hastened crop development and high temperatures during grain-filling”
Claim · model-written summary
Low yields at late plantings were largely due to hastened crop development and high temperatures during grain-filling.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- yieldse7
- Qualifier
- hastened crop development and high temperatures during grain-fillinge7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on the yield of 15 wheat cultivars grown under irrigation was examined at Narrabri, N.S.W.”
e7“Despite a non-limiting water supply, yields at late plantings were low, which was largely the result of hastened crop development and high temperatures during grain-filling”
Claim · model-written summary
Early spring frosts and high spring temperatures determined the optimum sowing and anthesis dates.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- optimum sowing and anthesis datese7
- Qualifier
- incidence of early spring frosts and high spring temperaturese7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on the yield of 15 wheat cultivars grown under irrigation was examined at Narrabri, N.S.W.”
e7“The environmental factors which determined the optimum sowing and anthesis dates were the incidence of early spring frosts and high spring temperatures”
Claim · model-written summary
Without frosts at Narrabri, optimum flowering would be 6-8 weeks earlier.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- frosts were not a factore7
- Outcome
- optimum time of floweringe7
- Direction
- earliere7
- Value
- 6-8 weekse7
- Setting
- Narrabrie7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on the yield of 15 wheat cultivars grown under irrigation was examined at Narrabri, N.S.W.”
e7“If frosts were not a factor at Narrabri, the optimum time of flowering would be 6-8 weeks earlier than the present optimum”
Claim · model-written summary
Delays of anthesis for spring wheats were generally greater than those for dryland wheat in eastern Australia.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- delayse7
- Direction
- greatere7
- Qualifier
- generallye7
- Comparator
- dryland wheat in eastern Australiae7
- Setting
- eastern Australiae7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on the yield of 15 wheat cultivars grown under irrigation was examined at Narrabri, N.S.W.”
e7“the delays observed for spring wheats were generally greater than those reported for dryland wheat in eastern Australia”
The same questions in other papers
sowing time · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
195 papers in the same direction as this paper · 266 in the opposite direction
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