Abstract
Response of three typical varieties to high temperature at different stages of growth and on flowering day was studied in naturally lighted rooms of phytotron.Spikelet sterility was induced by high temperature largely on flowering day. Within the flowering day, high temperature during anthesis time was the most detrimental to spikelet fertility, high temperature right before anthesis being the second most. High temperature after anthesis had little influence on spikelet fertility; when spikelets were exposed to high temperature one hour after anthesis, their fertility was normal. The major causes of high temperature-induced sterility were attributed to disturb pollen shedding and decreased viability of pollen grains, resulting in decreased number of germinated pollen grains on a stigma. The ability of pistil to be fertilized appeared to remain unaffected by high temperature up to 41°C. When spikelets were exposed to high temperature for 8 hours a day, the critical temperature to induce 20% sterility was 36.5°C for N22, heat tolerant, and 32°C for BKN6624, heat susceptible. At 38°C, the critical duration to induce 20% sterility was 4 hours for N22 and 2 hours for BKN6624. At 41°C, 2 hour treatment induced about 90% sterility in all the three varieties. Dihiscence characteristic of anther that allows good pollen shedding and early morning anthesis that avoids high temperature were considered two important characteristics for heat tolerance of rice varieties at flowering.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
High temperature induced spikelet sterility largely on the flowering day.
- Taxon
- Indica Rices
Oryza sativa Indica Groupt0 - Treatment
- high temperaturee0
- Outcome
- Spikelet sterilitye0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
- Qualifier
- largely on flowering daye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Indica Rices”
e0“Spikelet sterility was induced by high temperature largely on flowering day”
Claim · model-written summary
High temperature during anthesis was the most detrimental to spikelet fertility within the flowering day.
- Taxon
- Indica RicesOryza sativa Indica Groupt0
- Treatment
- high temperature during anthesis timee1
- Outcome
- spikelet fertilitye1
- Direction
- most detrimentale1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Indica Rices”
e1“Within the flowering day, high temperature during anthesis time was the most detrimental to spikelet fertility, high temperature right before anthesis being the second most”
Claim · model-written summary
High temperature right before anthesis was the second most detrimental to spikelet fertility within the flowering day.
- Taxon
- Indica RicesOryza sativa Indica Groupt0
- Treatment
- high temperature right before anthesise1
- Outcome
- spikelet fertilitye1
- Direction
- second moste1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Indica Rices”
e1“Within the flowering day, high temperature during anthesis time was the most detrimental to spikelet fertility, high temperature right before anthesis being the second most”
Claim · model-written summary
High temperature after anthesis had little influence on spikelet fertility.
- Taxon
- Indica RicesOryza sativa Indica Groupt0
- Treatment
- High temperature after anthesise2
- Outcome
- spikelet fertilitye2
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Indica Rices”
e2“High temperature after anthesis had little influence on spikelet fertility”
Claim · model-written summary
Exposure to high temperature one hour after anthesis left spikelet fertility normal.
- Taxon
- Indica RicesOryza sativa Indica Groupt0
- Treatment
- high temperature one hour after anthesise3
- Outcome
- fertilitye3
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Indica Rices”
e3“when spikelets were exposed to high temperature one hour after anthesis, their fertility was normal”
Claim · model-written summary
Sterility induced by high temperature was attributed to disturbed pollen shedding and decreased pollen viability.
- Taxon
- Indica RicesOryza sativa Indica Groupt0
- Outcome
- high temperature-induced sterilitye4
- Qualifier
- disturb pollen shedding and decreased viability of pollen grainse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Indica Rices”
e4“The major causes of high temperature-induced sterility were attributed to disturb pollen shedding and decreased viability of pollen grains, resulting in decreased number of germinated pollen grains on a stigma”
Claim · model-written summary
High temperature decreased the number of germinated pollen grains on the stigma.
- Taxon
- Indica RicesOryza sativa Indica Groupt0
- Treatment
- high temperaturee4
- Outcome
- number of germinated pollen grains on a stigmae4
- Direction
- decreasede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Indica Rices”
e4“The major causes of high temperature-induced sterility were attributed to disturb pollen shedding and decreased viability of pollen grains, resulting in decreased number of germinated pollen grains on a stigma”
Claim · model-written summary
The pistil ability to be fertilized remained unaffected by high temperature up to 41°C.
- Taxon
- Indica RicesOryza sativa Indica Groupt0
- Treatment
- high temperaturee5
- Outcome
- ability of pistil to be fertilizede5
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede5
- Value
- 41°Ce5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Indica Rices”
e5“The ability of pistil to be fertilized appeared to remain unaffected by high temperature up to 41°C”
Claim · model-written summary
The critical temperature to induce 20% sterility was 36.5°C for heat-tolerant N22 after 8 hours a day of exposure.
- Taxon
- Indica RicesOryza sativa Indica Groupt0
- Material
- N22e6
- Treatment
- high temperature for 8 hours a daye6
- Outcome
- critical temperature to induce 20% sterilitye6
- Value
- 36.5°Ce6
- Qualifier
- heat tolerante6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Indica Rices”
e6“When spikelets were exposed to high temperature for 8 hours a day, the critical temperature to induce 20% sterility was 36.5°C for N22, heat tolerant, and 32°C for BKN6624, heat susceptible”
Claim · model-written summary
The critical temperature to induce 20% sterility was 32°C for heat-susceptible BKN6624 after 8 hours a day of exposure.
- Taxon
- Indica RicesOryza sativa Indica Groupt0
- Material
- BKN6624e6
- Treatment
- high temperature for 8 hours a daye6
- Outcome
- critical temperature to induce 20% sterilitye6
- Value
- 32°Ce6
- Qualifier
- heat susceptiblee6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Indica Rices”
e6“When spikelets were exposed to high temperature for 8 hours a day, the critical temperature to induce 20% sterility was 36.5°C for N22, heat tolerant, and 32°C for BKN6624, heat susceptible”
Claim · model-written summary
The critical duration at 38°C to induce 20% sterility was 4 hours for N22.
- Taxon
- Indica RicesOryza sativa Indica Groupt0
- Material
- N22e7
- Treatment
- At 38°Ce7
- Outcome
- critical duration to induce 20% sterilitye7
- Value
- 4 hourse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Indica Rices”
e7“At 38°C, the critical duration to induce 20% sterility was 4 hours for N22 and 2 hours for BKN6624”
Claim · model-written summary
The critical duration at 38°C to induce 20% sterility was 2 hours for BKN6624.
- Taxon
- Indica RicesOryza sativa Indica Groupt0
- Material
- BKN6624e7
- Treatment
- At 38°Ce7
- Outcome
- critical duration to induce 20% sterilitye7
- Value
- 2 hourse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Indica Rices”
e7“At 38°C, the critical duration to induce 20% sterility was 4 hours for N22 and 2 hours for BKN6624”
Claim · model-written summary
A 2 hour treatment at 41°C induced about 90% sterility in three rice varieties.
- Taxon
- Indica RicesOryza sativa Indica Groupt0
- Material
- three varietiese2
- Treatment
- 2 hour treatmente2
- Outcome
- sterilitye2
- Direction
- increaseinferrede2
- Value
- about 90%e2
- Qualifier
- At 41°Ce2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Indica Rices”
e2“At 41°C, 2 hour treatment induced about 90% sterility in all the three varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Anther dehiscence and early morning anthesis are considered important characteristics for heat tolerance of rice varieties.
- Taxon
- Indica RicesOryza sativa Indica Groupt0
- Outcome
- heat tolerance of rice varietiese2
- Qualifier
- early morning anthesise2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Indica Rices”
e2“Dihiscence characteristic of anther that allows good pollen shedding and early morning anthesis that avoids high temperature were considered two important characteristics for heat tolerance of rice varieties”
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See all 195 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.