Abstract
S ummary Leek plants ( Allium porrum L.) were grown on partly sterilized soil, in tall pots so that roots grew downwards unimpeded, with inoculum of the vesicular‐arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae (Nicol. & Gerd.) Gerdemann & Trappe placed either under the seedling or dispersed uniformly throughout the soil. The age of each individual root, and the distribution of infection in single roots were both determined in each of a series of sequential harvests. The development of the root systems was unaffected by placement of inoculum. Formation of adventitious roots continued up to 42 d, when branching commenced. The rate of initiation of roots was approximately exponential but more accurately fitted a logistic function. The increase with time in total length of root for the root system ( L t ) was approximately exponential but the length of the single roots (L tr ) increased linearly. The total length of infection in whole root systems (L ir ) also increased exponentially with time, but the rate of extension for the sum of the individual lengths of infected root (infection ‘segments’) in single roots (L tr ) was linear, with an apparent delay of approx. 5 d before infection could be observed. The rate of increase in L ir was very similar for placed (0.53 cm d 1 ) and dispersed (0.58 cm d 1 ) inocula, even though the number of infection segments per root differed widely. This suggests that the host controls the rate of growth of the fungus. On this basis, and assuming each root encountered a new propagule every 4 d, it was possible to predict the lengths and numbers of infection segments in single roots. The percentage infection in whole root systems and single roots, plotted against time, showed a delay, then a sharp rise to a final constant value. This pattern of development can be explained for single roots by simple arithmetical rules. Using these simple rules, and assuming that the rate of production of adventitious roots fitted either a logistic or exponential equation, it was possible to model the development of infection up to 42 d for a whole root system either algebraically or by numerical simulation.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculum placement did not change leek root-system development.
- Taxon
- LEEK
Allium ampeloprasumt0 - Treatment
- placement of inoculume0
- Outcome
- development of the root systemse0
- Direction
- unaffectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The development of the root systems was unaffected by placement of inoculum.”
t0“LEEK”
Claim · model-written summary
Adventitious roots formed until 42 d, when branching began.
- Taxon
- LEEKAllium ampeloprasumt0
- Organ / stage
- adventitious rootse0
- Outcome
- Formation of adventitious rootse0
- Value
- 42 de0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Formation of adventitious roots continued up to 42 d, when branching commenced.”
t0“LEEK”
Claim · model-written summary
Root initiation was approximately exponential and fitted a logistic function more accurately.
- Taxon
- LEEKAllium ampeloprasumt0
- Outcome
- rate of initiation of rootse0
- Qualifier
- more accurately fitted a logistic functione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The rate of initiation of roots was approximately exponential but more accurately fitted a logistic function.”
t0“LEEK”
Claim · model-written summary
Total root length increased approximately exponentially over time.
- Taxon
- LEEKAllium ampeloprasumt0
- Outcome
- total length of roote0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- approximately exponentiale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The increase with time in total length of root for the root system ( L t ) was approximately exponential”
t0“LEEK”
Claim · model-written summary
Individual root length increased linearly.
- Taxon
- LEEKAllium ampeloprasumt0
- Outcome
- length of the single rootse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the length of the single roots (L tr ) increased linearly.”
t0“LEEK”
Claim · model-written summary
Total infection length increased exponentially over time.
- Taxon
- LEEKAllium ampeloprasumt0
- Outcome
- total length of infectione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedInteractor
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The total length of infection in whole root systems (L ir ) also increased exponentially with time”
t0“LEEK”
Claim · model-written summary
Individual infection segment length extended linearly after a roughly 5 d delay.
- Taxon
- LEEKAllium ampeloprasumt0
- Outcome
- rate of extensione0
- Value
- approx. 5 de0
- Qualifier
- lineare0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the rate of extension for the sum of the individual lengths of infected root (infection ‘segments’) in single roots (L tr ) was linear, with an apparent delay of approx. 5 d before infection could be observed.”
t0“LEEK”
Claim · model-written summary
Placed inoculum yielded a 0.53 cm d 1 infection-length increase rate.
- Taxon
- LEEKAllium ampeloprasumt0
- Treatment
- placede0
- Outcome
- rate of increase in L ire0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 0.53 cm d 1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The rate of increase in L ir was very similar for placed (0.53 cm d 1 ) and dispersed (0.58 cm d 1 ) inocula”
t0“LEEK”
Claim · model-written summary
Dispersed inoculum yielded a 0.58 cm d 1 infection-length increase rate.
- Taxon
- LEEKAllium ampeloprasumt0
- Treatment
- dispersede0
- Outcome
- rate of increase in L ire0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 0.58 cm d 1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The rate of increase in L ir was very similar for placed (0.53 cm d 1 ) and dispersed (0.58 cm d 1 ) inocula”
t0“LEEK”
Claim · model-written summary
The number of infection segments per root differed widely by placement.
- Taxon
- LEEKAllium ampeloprasumt0
- Outcome
- number of infection segments per roote0
- Direction
- differed widelye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the number of infection segments per root differed widely.”
t0“LEEK”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer the host controls fungal growth rate.
- Taxon
- LEEKAllium ampeloprasumt0
- Outcome
- rate of growth of the funguse0
- Qualifier
- host controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This suggests that the host controls the rate of growth of the fungus.”
t0“LEEK”
Claim · model-written summary
Arithmetic rules predicted lengths and numbers of infection segments.
- Taxon
- LEEKAllium ampeloprasumt0
- Outcome
- lengths and numbers of infection segmentse0
- Value
- numberse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it was possible to predict the lengths and numbers of infection segments in single roots.”
t0“LEEK”
Claim · model-written summary
Percentage infection showed a delay, sharp rise and final constant value.
- Taxon
- LEEKAllium ampeloprasumt0
- Outcome
- percentage infectione0
- Direction
- sharp risee0
- Qualifier
- final constant valuee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The percentage infection in whole root systems and single roots, plotted against time, showed a delay, then a sharp rise to a final constant value.”
t0“LEEK”
Claim · model-written summary
Simple rules explained infection development in single roots.
- Taxon
- LEEKAllium ampeloprasumt0
- Outcome
- pattern of developmente0
- Value
- simple arithmetical rulese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This pattern of development can be explained for single roots by simple arithmetical rules.”
t0“LEEK”
Claim · model-written summary
Algebraic and numerical models represented whole-root infection through 42 d.
- Taxon
- LEEKAllium ampeloprasumt0
- Outcome
- development of infectione0
- Value
- 42 de0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it was possible to model the development of infection up to 42 d for a whole root system either algebraically or by numerical simulation.”
t0“LEEK”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · growth · Allium ampeloprasum (leek)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
6 papers more in this group
See all 10 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.