Abstract
ABSTRACT The effect of inoculation by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and indigenous AMF populations on biomass production and phosphorus (P) uptake by leek and on its utilization of P in Kola apatite and bone meal was studied in field soils. Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) did not enhance P uptake from Kola apatite, which had no clear effect on P uptake by leek within one growing season, either in the field or in pots. AM increased P uptake from bone meal by 62% in a pot experiment. Inoculation did not increase the effect in unsterile soil as compared with the indigenous AMF populations. The results demonstrate a key role for AM in utilization of organic P. On conventionally managed soil monocropped with cereal, inoculation increased growth and P uptake by leek by 62 and 73%, respectively, in contrast to organically cultivated soil where it had a slight negative effect. The difference in the inoculation effect was concluded to be due to the more abundant and effective indigenous AMF populations in the organically cultivated soil. This was suggested by the fourfold higher spore density at the start of the trials and larger root colonization in the organic cropping system as well as by the fact that the inoculation effect was not dependent on fertilization. Superphosphate application in the conventional system resulted in soil P availability comparable to that in the organic system. Management history was the only important factor influencing AM effectiveness which was different on the two experimental sites. The results suggested that regular inoculation is not an appropriate AM utilization strategy in a sustainable farming system. The hypothesis for further study is that utilization of the indigenous AMF by system management would have more potential in sustainable agricultural practices.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Arbuscular mycorrhiza did not enhance leek phosphorus uptake from Kola apatite.
- Taxon
- Leek
Allium ampeloprasumt0 - Treatment
- Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM)e0
- Interactor
- Arbuscular mycorrhizae0symbiont
- Outcome
- P uptake from Kola apatitee0
- Direction
- did not enhancee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) did not enhance P uptake from Kola apatite”
t0“Leek”
Claim · model-written summary
Kola apatite had no clear effect on leek phosphorus uptake within one growing season.
- Taxon
- leekAllium ampeloprasumt0
- Treatment
- Kola apatitee0
- Outcome
- P uptake by leeke0
- Direction
- no clear effecte0
- Qualifier
- within one growing seasone0
- Setting
- field or in potse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Kola apatite, which had no clear effect on P uptake by leek within one growing season, either in the field or in pots”
t0“Leek”
Claim · model-written summary
Arbuscular mycorrhiza increased leek phosphorus uptake from bone meal by 62% in pots.
- Taxon
- LeekAllium ampeloprasumt0
- Treatment
- AMe0
- Outcome
- P uptake from bone meale0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 62%e0
- Setting
- pot experimente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AM increased P uptake from bone meal by 62% in a pot experiment”
t0“Leek”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation did not add an effect over indigenous AMF populations in unsterile soil.
- Taxon
- LeekAllium ampeloprasumt0
- Treatment
- Inoculatione0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- effecte0
- Direction
- did not increasee0
- Comparator
- indigenous AMF populationse0
- Setting
- unsterile soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculation did not increase the effect in unsterile soil as compared with the indigenous AMF populations”
t0“Leek”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation increased leek growth by 62% in conventionally managed soil.
- Taxon
- LeekAllium ampeloprasumt0
- Treatment
- inoculatione0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 62e0
- Setting
- conventionally managed soil monocropped with cereale0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“On conventionally managed soil monocropped with cereal, inoculation increased growth and P uptake by leek by 62 and 73%, respectively”
t0“Leek”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation increased leek phosphorus uptake by 73% in conventionally managed soil.
- Taxon
- LeekAllium ampeloprasumt0
- Treatment
- inoculatione0
- Outcome
- P uptake by leeke0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 73%e0
- Setting
- conventionally managed soil monocropped with cereale0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“On conventionally managed soil monocropped with cereal, inoculation increased growth and P uptake by leek by 62 and 73%, respectively”
t0“Leek”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation had a slight negative effect in organically cultivated soil.
- Taxon
- LeekAllium ampeloprasumt0
- Outcome
- slight negative effecte0
- Direction
- negativee0
- Setting
- organically cultivated soile0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“organically cultivated soil where it had a slight negative effect”
t0“Leek”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic cropping soil had fourfold higher starting AMF spore density.
- Taxon
- LeekAllium ampeloprasumt0
- Outcome
- spore densitye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- fourfolde0
- Setting
- organic cropping systeme0
Not reportedInteractor
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fourfold higher spore density at the start of the trials and larger root colonization in the organic cropping system”
t0“Leek”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic cropping had larger root colonization.
- Taxon
- LeekAllium ampeloprasumt0
- Outcome
- root colonizatione0
- Direction
- largere0
- Setting
- organic cropping systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“larger root colonization in the organic cropping system”
t0“Leek”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation effects were independent of fertilization.
- Taxon
- LeekAllium ampeloprasumt0
- Treatment
- fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- inoculation effecte0
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the inoculation effect was not dependent on fertilization”
t0“Leek”
Claim · model-written summary
Superphosphate made soil phosphorus availability comparable between conventional and organic systems.
- Taxon
- LeekAllium ampeloprasumt0
- Treatment
- Superphosphate applicatione0
- Outcome
- soil P availabilitye0
- Direction
- comparablee0
- Comparator
- organic systeme0
- Setting
- conventional systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Superphosphate application in the conventional system resulted in soil P availability comparable to that in the organic system”
t0“Leek”
Claim · model-written summary
Management history was the only important factor influencing mycorrhizal effectiveness across sites.
- Taxon
- LeekAllium ampeloprasumt0
- Treatment
- Management historye0
- Outcome
- AM effectivenesse0
- Direction
- differente0
- Setting
- two experimental sitese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Management history was the only important factor influencing AM effectiveness which was different on the two experimental sites”
t0“Leek”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors judged regular AM inoculation inappropriate for sustainable farming.
- Taxon
- LeekAllium ampeloprasumt0
- Outcome
- regular inoculatione0
- Qualifier
- sustainable farming systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“regular inoculation is not an appropriate AM utilization strategy in a sustainable farming system”
t0“Leek”
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See all 10 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.