Abstract
The aim of the present research was to optimise the process of plant regeneration from unfertilised ovules in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.). A two-stage method was applied which involved preculture in liquid MS medium and culture on solid media. The study evaluated the effectiveness of different groups of growth regulators, agar and gelrite on the morphogenesis of explants. To do so, the culture was maintained on 21 MS media containing auxins (NAA, IBA, 2,4-D), cytokinins (BAP, KIN, TDZ), antiauxin (TIBA) as well as solidifying substances at different concentrations and combinations. Varied effectiveness of callus and shoot formation was observed depending on the medium used. The highest efficiency of shoot formation was recorded on the media containing 4.4 μM BAP, 0.09 M sucrose, and 0.04% gelrite. The formation of roots was induced when exposed to 14.8 μM IBA and 0.049 μM 2iP, and the percentage of rooted shoots ranged from 0.0 to 65.2%, depending on the growth regulator combination used for shoot regeneration.
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Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
Callus and shoot formation varied in effectiveness across the culture media tested.
- Taxon
- sugar beet
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0 - Organ / stage
- unfertilised ovulese0
- Treatment
- different groups of growth regulators, agar and gelritee1
- Outcome
- callus and shoot formatione2
- Qualifier
- depending on the medium usede2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“plant regeneration from unfertilised ovules in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.)”
e1“The study evaluated the effectiveness of different groups of growth regulators, agar and gelrite on the morphogenesis of explants”
e2“Varied effectiveness of callus and shoot formation was observed depending on the medium used”
Claim · model-written summary
The media containing 4.4 μM BAP, 0.09 M sucrose and 0.04% gelrite gave the highest efficiency of shoot formation.
- Taxon
- sugar beet
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0 - Treatment
- media containing 4.4 μM BAP, 0.09 M sucrose, and 0.04% gelritee3
- Outcome
- efficiency of shoot formatione3
- Direction
- higheste3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“plant regeneration from unfertilised ovules in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.)”
e3“The highest efficiency of shoot formation was recorded on the media containing 4.4 μM BAP, 0.09 M sucrose, and 0.04% gelrite”
Claim · model-written summary
The media with 14.8 μM IBA and 0.049 μM 2iP induced root formation.
- Taxon
- sugar beet
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0 - Treatment
- 14.8 μM IBA and 0.049 μM 2iPe4
- Outcome
- formation of rootse4
- Direction
- inducede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“plant regeneration from unfertilised ovules in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.)”
e4“The formation of roots was induced when exposed to 14.8 μM IBA and 0.049 μM 2iP”
Claim · model-written summary
The percentage of rooted shoots ranged from 0.0 to 65.2% across growth regulator combinations.
- Taxon
- sugar beet
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0 - Outcome
- percentage of rooted shootse5
- Value
- 0.0 to 65.2%e5
- Qualifier
- depending on the growth regulator combination used for shoot regeneratione5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“plant regeneration from unfertilised ovules in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.)”
e5“the percentage of rooted shoots ranged from 0.0 to 65.2%, depending on the growth regulator combination used for shoot regeneration”
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